COMPREHENSIVE NURSING COMPREHENSIVE
TEST 2026 FULL QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
▶ Klinefelter Syndrome (XXY). Answer: -Male appearance, usually sterile,
female-like breasts, small testes, high voice, moderate degree of mental
impairment
-High incidence in prison population
-nondisjunction of the X chromosomes in the mother (incidence rises with
maternal age)
▶ Neurofibromatosis. Answer: -Benign nerve sheath tumors
-Autosomal dominant disorder of the nerve system
- Sx range from harmless cafe-au-lait spots to malignant tumors, scoliosis,
seizures, gliomas, HTN, learning disabilities, and neuromas.
-Type 1 most common: inactivation of NF1 gene
-Type 2: NF2 gene
- Tx: surgery
▶ Duchenne Muscular dystrophy. Answer: - Most common and most
severe X-linked recessive disorder
-Progressive muscle degeneration (unable to walk by 10-12yo)
- Affects heart and resp muscles and death usually before 20yo
- dystrophin is absent
▶ Multifactorial traits. Answer: traits that result from the interaction of one
or more environmental factors and two or more genes
-BP, Height, quantitative traits, , cancers, DM, CAD, Stroke
▶ Transcription. Answer: The process by which RNA is synthesized from a
DNA template. - results in messenger RNA
-RNA polymerase binds to a promoter site on DNA
-transcription factors bind to transcription factor binding sites (regulate
timing of transcription and tissues)
-Each transcribed segment corresponds to one gene that makes up our
chromosomes
▶ Genetic mutations occur when:. Answer: 1) an existing error in coding is
transcribed to the new DNA
2) a transcription error occurs that results in an error in coding
TEST 2026 FULL QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
▶ Klinefelter Syndrome (XXY). Answer: -Male appearance, usually sterile,
female-like breasts, small testes, high voice, moderate degree of mental
impairment
-High incidence in prison population
-nondisjunction of the X chromosomes in the mother (incidence rises with
maternal age)
▶ Neurofibromatosis. Answer: -Benign nerve sheath tumors
-Autosomal dominant disorder of the nerve system
- Sx range from harmless cafe-au-lait spots to malignant tumors, scoliosis,
seizures, gliomas, HTN, learning disabilities, and neuromas.
-Type 1 most common: inactivation of NF1 gene
-Type 2: NF2 gene
- Tx: surgery
▶ Duchenne Muscular dystrophy. Answer: - Most common and most
severe X-linked recessive disorder
-Progressive muscle degeneration (unable to walk by 10-12yo)
- Affects heart and resp muscles and death usually before 20yo
- dystrophin is absent
▶ Multifactorial traits. Answer: traits that result from the interaction of one
or more environmental factors and two or more genes
-BP, Height, quantitative traits, , cancers, DM, CAD, Stroke
▶ Transcription. Answer: The process by which RNA is synthesized from a
DNA template. - results in messenger RNA
-RNA polymerase binds to a promoter site on DNA
-transcription factors bind to transcription factor binding sites (regulate
timing of transcription and tissues)
-Each transcribed segment corresponds to one gene that makes up our
chromosomes
▶ Genetic mutations occur when:. Answer: 1) an existing error in coding is
transcribed to the new DNA
2) a transcription error occurs that results in an error in coding
