2026 Exam Questions and
Answers | Already Graded A+
anatomy of right side of heart - ANSWER ✔✔-thinner walls
-pumps deoxygenated blood at lower pressure to the lungs (pulmonary
circulation)
anatomy of left side of heart - ANSWER ✔✔-thicker, stronger muscle
walls
,-pumps oxygenated blood at higher pressure to the entire body
(systemic circulation)
heart valves - ANSWER ✔✔tricuspid, pulmonary, bicuspid, aortic
location of tricuspid valve - ANSWER ✔✔between right atrium & right
ventricle
function of tricuspid valve - ANSWER ✔✔prevents backflow of blood
into right atrium
location of pulmonary valve - ANSWER ✔✔between right ventricle &
pulmonary artery
function of pulmonary valve - ANSWER ✔✔prevents backflow into
right ventricle; sends blood to lungs
location of bicuspid valve - ANSWER ✔✔between left atrium & left
ventricle
function of bicuspid valve - ANSWER ✔✔prevents backflow into left
atrium
location of aortic valve - ANSWER ✔✔between left ventricle & aorta
function of aortic valve - ANSWER ✔✔prevents backflow into left
ventricle; sends blood to systemic circulation
,neck vessels - ANSWER ✔✔carotid arteries & jugular veins
function of neck vessels - ANSWER ✔✔connect the heart & brain,
ensuring proper circulation
location of carotid arteries - ANSWER ✔✔located on both sides of the
neck, deep beside the trachea
function of carotid arteries - ANSWER ✔✔carry oxygenated blood
from the heart to the brain
clinical significance of carotid arteries - ANSWER ✔✔palpated during
cardiovascular assessment to evaluate circulation
location of internal jugular vein - ANSWER ✔✔runs deep beside the
carotid artery
function of internal jugular vein - ANSWER ✔✔drains deoxygenated
blood from the head back to the heart
clinical significance of internal jugular vein - ANSWER ✔✔not usually
visible or palpable; used to assess central venous pressure (CVP)
location of external jugular vein - ANSWER ✔✔superficial, visible
above the clavicle near the sternocleidomastoid muscle
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, function of external jugular vein - ANSWER ✔✔drains deoxygenated
blood from the head to the heart
clinical significance of external jugular vein - ANSWER ✔✔changes in
external jugular vein visibility can indicate heart failure, fluid overload, &
increased venous pressure
priority cardiac assessment - ANSWER ✔✔-in cardiac emergencies,
rapid assessments & interventions are critical
-nurses often are the first to detect abnormal findings
key warning symptoms of cardiac event - ANSWER ✔✔-chest pain
-shortness of breath
-abnormal blood pressure
-poor tissue perfusion