NUR 2356 MDC 1 Part 4
Practice Test:
Final Exam
A secondary 350-question mock assessment emphasizing
advanced electrolyte dynamics, mobility modifications, and
comprehensive patient safety goals for MDC 1 learners.
1. A nurse is evaluating a client's arterial blood gas (ABG) results: pH 7.32, PaCO₂ 32
mmHg, HCO₃⁻ 16 mEq/L. Which of the following acid-base imbalances is present?
A) Respiratory acidosis
B) Respiratory alkalosis
C) Metabolic acidosis
D) Metabolic alkalosis
Answer: C) Metabolic acidosis
₃⁻
₂
2. A nurse is caring for a client with a serum sodium level of 152 mEq/L. Which of the
following intravenous solutions should the nurse anticipate administering?
A) 3% Sodium chloride (NaCl)
B) 0.45% Sodium chloride (NaCl)
C) 5% Dextrose in Lactated Ringer's
D) 10% Dextrose in water
Answer: B) 0.45% Sodium chloride (NaCl)
3. A nurse is preparing an educational session on electrolyte functions. Which electrolyte
is the primary determinant of extracellular fluid (ECF) osmolality?
, A) Potassium
B) Sodium
C) Calcium
D) Magnesium
Answer: B) Sodium
4. A nurse is assessing a client who has hypokalemia. Which of the following clinical
findings should the nurse expect?
A) Hyperactive bowel sounds
B) Muscle weakness and leg cramps
C) Tachycardia with tall peaked T waves
D) Increased deep tendon reflexes
Answer: B) Muscle weakness and leg cramps
5. A nurse is reviewing the pre-operative laboratory results of a client scheduled for
surgery. The client's serum potassium level is 5.8 mEq/L. Which action should the nurse
take first?
A) Document the finding in the medical record
B) Administer a prescribed oral potassium supplement
C) Notify the surgeon and obtain a 12-lead ECG
D) Check the client's urine output over the last shift
Answer: C) Notify the surgeon and obtain a 12-lead ECG
6. A nurse is assessing a client who is 4 hours postoperative. The client's blood pressure
is 90/56 mmHg, heart rate is 110 beats/minute, and respiratory rate is 24
breaths/minute. Which complication should the nurse suspect first?
A) Deep vein thrombosis
B) Hypovolemic shock
C) Atelectasis
D) Pulmonary embolism
Answer: B) Hypovolemic shock
7. A nurse is completing the preoperative checklist for a client scheduled for knee
arthroplasty. Which action is the nurse's responsibility during this phase?
A) Reviewing the surgical risks with the client
B) Confirming that the surgical consent form is signed and on the chart
C) Marking the surgical site with a permanent marker independently
D) Administering general anesthesia medications
, Answer: B) Confirming that the surgical consent form is signed and on the chart
8. A nurse is monitoring a client in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) who received
inhalation anesthesia. The client exhibits muscle rigidity, a heart rate of 122
beats/minute, and an elevated end-tidal carbon dioxide level. What is the nurse's priority
action?
A) Apply warm blankets to the client
B) Notify the anesthesia provider immediately to prepare for Malignant Hyperthermia
protocols
C) Administer a rapid IV bolus of normal saline alone
D) Increase the inhalation anesthetic concentration
Answer: B) Notify the anesthesia provider immediately to prepare for Malignant
Hyperthermia protocols
9. A nurse is inspecting a surgical wound on a client who is 5 days postoperative and
notes a moderate amount of thick, foul-smelling gray-green drainage. The nurse should
document this as which type of exudate?
A) Serous
B) Sanguineous
C) Serosanguineous
D) Purulent
Answer: D) Purulent
10. A nurse is planning care for a client who is at high risk for developing pressure injuries.
Which intervention should be included in the plan?
A) Cleanse the skin with hot water and abrasive soap daily
B) Apply a donut-shaped cushion when the client is sitting in a chair
C) Keep the head of the bed elevated at 60 degrees continuously
D) Use a friction-reducing turn sheet when repositioning the client
Answer: D) Use a friction-reducing turn sheet when repositioning the client
11. A nurse is performing a sterile dressing change. Which of the following actions
demonstrates the correct application of surgical asepsis?
A) Splashing sterile saline onto the sterile drape field border
B) Opening the sterile glove package by reaching directly across the open field
C) Keeping sterile gloved hands above the waist and within visual field
, D) Reusing sterile forceps that touched the bedside table
Answer: C) Keeping sterile gloved hands above the waist and within visual field
12. A nurse is caring for a client with an indwelling urinary catheter. Which action should the
nurse take to prevent a catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI)?
A) Disconnect the catheter tube frequently to flush it with sterile water
B) Empty the drainage bag when it is completely full to the top
C) Secure the catheter tubing to the client's thigh to prevent traction
D) Place the drainage bag on the floor next to the bed
Answer: C) Secure the catheter tubing to the client's thigh to prevent traction
13. A nurse is reviewing airborne precaution guidelines. For which of the following clients
should the nurse implement these precautions?
A) A client with Mycoplasma pneumonia
B) A client with Clostridioides difficile (C. diff)
C) A client with active pulmonary tuberculosis
D) A client with a localized wound abscess
Answer: C) A client with active pulmonary tuberculosis
14. A nurse is implementing a fall prevention plan for an older adult client with cognitive
impairment. Which intervention is appropriate?
A) Keep all four side rails raised on the bed at all times
B) Place the client in a room far away from the nurses' station for quietness
C) Utilize a bed exit alarm system to monitor movement
D) Instruct the client to memorize the path to the bathroom
Answer: C) Utilize a bed exit alarm system to monitor movement
15. A nurse administers an oral medication to the wrong client. Which action should the
nurse take first?
A) Notify the clinic or hospital nursing director
B) Complete an electronic incident/variance report
C) Assess the client's vital signs and clinical status
D) Call the pharmacist to check for an antidote
Answer: C) Assess the client's vital signs and clinical status
Practice Test:
Final Exam
A secondary 350-question mock assessment emphasizing
advanced electrolyte dynamics, mobility modifications, and
comprehensive patient safety goals for MDC 1 learners.
1. A nurse is evaluating a client's arterial blood gas (ABG) results: pH 7.32, PaCO₂ 32
mmHg, HCO₃⁻ 16 mEq/L. Which of the following acid-base imbalances is present?
A) Respiratory acidosis
B) Respiratory alkalosis
C) Metabolic acidosis
D) Metabolic alkalosis
Answer: C) Metabolic acidosis
₃⁻
₂
2. A nurse is caring for a client with a serum sodium level of 152 mEq/L. Which of the
following intravenous solutions should the nurse anticipate administering?
A) 3% Sodium chloride (NaCl)
B) 0.45% Sodium chloride (NaCl)
C) 5% Dextrose in Lactated Ringer's
D) 10% Dextrose in water
Answer: B) 0.45% Sodium chloride (NaCl)
3. A nurse is preparing an educational session on electrolyte functions. Which electrolyte
is the primary determinant of extracellular fluid (ECF) osmolality?
, A) Potassium
B) Sodium
C) Calcium
D) Magnesium
Answer: B) Sodium
4. A nurse is assessing a client who has hypokalemia. Which of the following clinical
findings should the nurse expect?
A) Hyperactive bowel sounds
B) Muscle weakness and leg cramps
C) Tachycardia with tall peaked T waves
D) Increased deep tendon reflexes
Answer: B) Muscle weakness and leg cramps
5. A nurse is reviewing the pre-operative laboratory results of a client scheduled for
surgery. The client's serum potassium level is 5.8 mEq/L. Which action should the nurse
take first?
A) Document the finding in the medical record
B) Administer a prescribed oral potassium supplement
C) Notify the surgeon and obtain a 12-lead ECG
D) Check the client's urine output over the last shift
Answer: C) Notify the surgeon and obtain a 12-lead ECG
6. A nurse is assessing a client who is 4 hours postoperative. The client's blood pressure
is 90/56 mmHg, heart rate is 110 beats/minute, and respiratory rate is 24
breaths/minute. Which complication should the nurse suspect first?
A) Deep vein thrombosis
B) Hypovolemic shock
C) Atelectasis
D) Pulmonary embolism
Answer: B) Hypovolemic shock
7. A nurse is completing the preoperative checklist for a client scheduled for knee
arthroplasty. Which action is the nurse's responsibility during this phase?
A) Reviewing the surgical risks with the client
B) Confirming that the surgical consent form is signed and on the chart
C) Marking the surgical site with a permanent marker independently
D) Administering general anesthesia medications
, Answer: B) Confirming that the surgical consent form is signed and on the chart
8. A nurse is monitoring a client in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) who received
inhalation anesthesia. The client exhibits muscle rigidity, a heart rate of 122
beats/minute, and an elevated end-tidal carbon dioxide level. What is the nurse's priority
action?
A) Apply warm blankets to the client
B) Notify the anesthesia provider immediately to prepare for Malignant Hyperthermia
protocols
C) Administer a rapid IV bolus of normal saline alone
D) Increase the inhalation anesthetic concentration
Answer: B) Notify the anesthesia provider immediately to prepare for Malignant
Hyperthermia protocols
9. A nurse is inspecting a surgical wound on a client who is 5 days postoperative and
notes a moderate amount of thick, foul-smelling gray-green drainage. The nurse should
document this as which type of exudate?
A) Serous
B) Sanguineous
C) Serosanguineous
D) Purulent
Answer: D) Purulent
10. A nurse is planning care for a client who is at high risk for developing pressure injuries.
Which intervention should be included in the plan?
A) Cleanse the skin with hot water and abrasive soap daily
B) Apply a donut-shaped cushion when the client is sitting in a chair
C) Keep the head of the bed elevated at 60 degrees continuously
D) Use a friction-reducing turn sheet when repositioning the client
Answer: D) Use a friction-reducing turn sheet when repositioning the client
11. A nurse is performing a sterile dressing change. Which of the following actions
demonstrates the correct application of surgical asepsis?
A) Splashing sterile saline onto the sterile drape field border
B) Opening the sterile glove package by reaching directly across the open field
C) Keeping sterile gloved hands above the waist and within visual field
, D) Reusing sterile forceps that touched the bedside table
Answer: C) Keeping sterile gloved hands above the waist and within visual field
12. A nurse is caring for a client with an indwelling urinary catheter. Which action should the
nurse take to prevent a catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI)?
A) Disconnect the catheter tube frequently to flush it with sterile water
B) Empty the drainage bag when it is completely full to the top
C) Secure the catheter tubing to the client's thigh to prevent traction
D) Place the drainage bag on the floor next to the bed
Answer: C) Secure the catheter tubing to the client's thigh to prevent traction
13. A nurse is reviewing airborne precaution guidelines. For which of the following clients
should the nurse implement these precautions?
A) A client with Mycoplasma pneumonia
B) A client with Clostridioides difficile (C. diff)
C) A client with active pulmonary tuberculosis
D) A client with a localized wound abscess
Answer: C) A client with active pulmonary tuberculosis
14. A nurse is implementing a fall prevention plan for an older adult client with cognitive
impairment. Which intervention is appropriate?
A) Keep all four side rails raised on the bed at all times
B) Place the client in a room far away from the nurses' station for quietness
C) Utilize a bed exit alarm system to monitor movement
D) Instruct the client to memorize the path to the bathroom
Answer: C) Utilize a bed exit alarm system to monitor movement
15. A nurse administers an oral medication to the wrong client. Which action should the
nurse take first?
A) Notify the clinic or hospital nursing director
B) Complete an electronic incident/variance report
C) Assess the client's vital signs and clinical status
D) Call the pharmacist to check for an antidote
Answer: C) Assess the client's vital signs and clinical status
