NUR 2356 Multidimensional Care
1 (MDC 1) Final Exam
Comprehensive Practice Test
1. A nurse is assessing a client who has a serum sodium level of 128 mEq/L. Which of the
following findings should the nurse expect?
A) Hyperreflexia
B) Severe thirst
C) Altered mental status
D) Decreased deep tendon reflexes
Answer: C) Altered mental status
2. A client is admitted with severe vomiting for 3 days. Which acid-base imbalance is this
client at risk for developing?
A) Metabolic acidosis
B) Metabolic alkalosis
C) Respiratory acidosis
D) Respiratory alkalosis
Answer: B) Metabolic alkalosis
3. A nurse is caring for a client with a serum potassium level of 6.2 mEq/L. Which of the
following interventions is the priority?
A) Administer regular insulin intravenously with dextrose
B) Encourage oral intake of potassium-rich foods
C) Obtain a prescription for a potassium-sparing diuretic
D) Check the client's capillary blood glucose level
, Answer: A) Administer regular insulin intravenously with dextrose
4. An older adult client is admitted with hypovolemia. Which of the following clinical
manifestations should the nurse identify as a priority to report?
A) Urine output of 20 mL/hr
B) Dry mucous membranes
C) Skin tenting over the sternum
D) Heart rate of 92 beats/minute
Answer: A) Urine output of 20 mL/hr
5. A nurse is preparing a client for an elective surgery. Which of the following actions is the
nurse’s legal responsibility regarding informed consent?
A) Explaining the risks and benefits of the surgical procedure
B) Obtaining the consent if the client does not understand the surgery
C) Witnessing the client's signature on the consent form
D) Determining the client's capacity to understand the procedure
Answer: C) Witnessing the client's signature on the consent form
6. A client in the PACU has a respiratory rate of 8 breaths/minute and an oxygen
saturation of 88% following general anesthesia. Which action should the nurse take
first?
A) Administer oxygen via a non-rebreather mask
B) Stimulate the client and encourage deep breathing
C) Prepare to administer naloxone intravenously
D) Call the anesthesia provider immediately
Answer: B) Stimulate the client and encourage deep breathing
7. A nurse is reviewing lab values for a preoperative client. Which value should be
reported to the surgeon immediately?
A) Hemoglobin 14 g/dL
B) Potassium 2.8 mEq/L
C) Sodium 138 mEq/L
D) White blood cell count 8,500/mm³
Answer: B) Potassium 2.8 mEq/L
,8. During a surgical procedure, the circulating nurse notes that the client develops a
temperature of 102.4°F (39.1°C), muscle rigidity, and tachycardia. Which medication
should the nurse anticipate administering?
A) Dantrolene sodium
B) Furosemide
C) Nitroprusside
D) Succinylcholine
Answer: A) Dantrolene sodium
9. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client with a new permanent pacemaker.
Which instruction is appropriate to include?
A) "Avoid using any microwave ovens at home."
B) "You can safely undergo an MRI scan if needed."
C) "Check your pulse daily at the same time and report changes."
D) "Keep your affected arm raised above your head for 2 weeks."
Answer: C) "Check your pulse daily at the same time and report changes."
10. A nurse is caring for a client with a stage 3 pressure injury. Which of the following
descriptions aligns with this stage?
A) Non-blanchable erythema of intact skin
B) Partial-thickness skin loss involving the epidermis and dermis
C) Full-thickness skin loss with visible subcutaneous fat
D) Full-thickness skin loss with exposed bone, tendon, or muscle
Answer: C) Full-thickness skin loss with visible subcutaneous fat
11. A nurse is assessing a wound that has thick, yellow-green drainage. How should the
nurse document this specific type of exudate?
A) Serous
B) Sanguineous
C) Serosanguineous
D) Purulent
Answer: D) Purulent
, 12. A client with a large abdominal incision coughs violently and states, "I felt something
pop." The nurse notes loops of bowel protruding through the incision. Which action
should the nurse take first?
A) Push the bowel gently back into the abdominal cavity
B) Cover the wound with sterile towels moistened with sterile normal saline
C) Place the client in a high-Fowler's position
D) Document the findings and contact the surgeon within the hour
Answer: B) Cover the wound with sterile towels moistened with sterile normal
saline
13. A nurse is caring for an immobile client. Which of the following interventions is most
effective in preventing pressure injuries?
A) Massaging reddened bony prominences daily
B) Repositioning the client at least every 2 hours
C) Keeping the head of the bed elevated at 45 degrees continuously
D) Using a donut-shaped cushion when the client sits up
Answer: B) Repositioning the client at least every 2 hours
14. A nurse is performing a skin assessment on an older adult client. Which finding is
considered a normal age-related skin change?
A) Increased skin elasticity
B) Decreased skin transparency
C) Thinning of the epidermal layer
D) Increased subcutaneous fat deposits
Answer: C) Thinning of the epidermal layer
15. A client is diagnosed with fluid volume excess (hypervolemia). Which clinical
manifestation should the nurse expect to observe?
A) Flattened neck veins
B) Decreased central venous pressure
C) Distended jugular veins
D) Postural hypotension
Answer: C) Distended jugular veins
1 (MDC 1) Final Exam
Comprehensive Practice Test
1. A nurse is assessing a client who has a serum sodium level of 128 mEq/L. Which of the
following findings should the nurse expect?
A) Hyperreflexia
B) Severe thirst
C) Altered mental status
D) Decreased deep tendon reflexes
Answer: C) Altered mental status
2. A client is admitted with severe vomiting for 3 days. Which acid-base imbalance is this
client at risk for developing?
A) Metabolic acidosis
B) Metabolic alkalosis
C) Respiratory acidosis
D) Respiratory alkalosis
Answer: B) Metabolic alkalosis
3. A nurse is caring for a client with a serum potassium level of 6.2 mEq/L. Which of the
following interventions is the priority?
A) Administer regular insulin intravenously with dextrose
B) Encourage oral intake of potassium-rich foods
C) Obtain a prescription for a potassium-sparing diuretic
D) Check the client's capillary blood glucose level
, Answer: A) Administer regular insulin intravenously with dextrose
4. An older adult client is admitted with hypovolemia. Which of the following clinical
manifestations should the nurse identify as a priority to report?
A) Urine output of 20 mL/hr
B) Dry mucous membranes
C) Skin tenting over the sternum
D) Heart rate of 92 beats/minute
Answer: A) Urine output of 20 mL/hr
5. A nurse is preparing a client for an elective surgery. Which of the following actions is the
nurse’s legal responsibility regarding informed consent?
A) Explaining the risks and benefits of the surgical procedure
B) Obtaining the consent if the client does not understand the surgery
C) Witnessing the client's signature on the consent form
D) Determining the client's capacity to understand the procedure
Answer: C) Witnessing the client's signature on the consent form
6. A client in the PACU has a respiratory rate of 8 breaths/minute and an oxygen
saturation of 88% following general anesthesia. Which action should the nurse take
first?
A) Administer oxygen via a non-rebreather mask
B) Stimulate the client and encourage deep breathing
C) Prepare to administer naloxone intravenously
D) Call the anesthesia provider immediately
Answer: B) Stimulate the client and encourage deep breathing
7. A nurse is reviewing lab values for a preoperative client. Which value should be
reported to the surgeon immediately?
A) Hemoglobin 14 g/dL
B) Potassium 2.8 mEq/L
C) Sodium 138 mEq/L
D) White blood cell count 8,500/mm³
Answer: B) Potassium 2.8 mEq/L
,8. During a surgical procedure, the circulating nurse notes that the client develops a
temperature of 102.4°F (39.1°C), muscle rigidity, and tachycardia. Which medication
should the nurse anticipate administering?
A) Dantrolene sodium
B) Furosemide
C) Nitroprusside
D) Succinylcholine
Answer: A) Dantrolene sodium
9. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client with a new permanent pacemaker.
Which instruction is appropriate to include?
A) "Avoid using any microwave ovens at home."
B) "You can safely undergo an MRI scan if needed."
C) "Check your pulse daily at the same time and report changes."
D) "Keep your affected arm raised above your head for 2 weeks."
Answer: C) "Check your pulse daily at the same time and report changes."
10. A nurse is caring for a client with a stage 3 pressure injury. Which of the following
descriptions aligns with this stage?
A) Non-blanchable erythema of intact skin
B) Partial-thickness skin loss involving the epidermis and dermis
C) Full-thickness skin loss with visible subcutaneous fat
D) Full-thickness skin loss with exposed bone, tendon, or muscle
Answer: C) Full-thickness skin loss with visible subcutaneous fat
11. A nurse is assessing a wound that has thick, yellow-green drainage. How should the
nurse document this specific type of exudate?
A) Serous
B) Sanguineous
C) Serosanguineous
D) Purulent
Answer: D) Purulent
, 12. A client with a large abdominal incision coughs violently and states, "I felt something
pop." The nurse notes loops of bowel protruding through the incision. Which action
should the nurse take first?
A) Push the bowel gently back into the abdominal cavity
B) Cover the wound with sterile towels moistened with sterile normal saline
C) Place the client in a high-Fowler's position
D) Document the findings and contact the surgeon within the hour
Answer: B) Cover the wound with sterile towels moistened with sterile normal
saline
13. A nurse is caring for an immobile client. Which of the following interventions is most
effective in preventing pressure injuries?
A) Massaging reddened bony prominences daily
B) Repositioning the client at least every 2 hours
C) Keeping the head of the bed elevated at 45 degrees continuously
D) Using a donut-shaped cushion when the client sits up
Answer: B) Repositioning the client at least every 2 hours
14. A nurse is performing a skin assessment on an older adult client. Which finding is
considered a normal age-related skin change?
A) Increased skin elasticity
B) Decreased skin transparency
C) Thinning of the epidermal layer
D) Increased subcutaneous fat deposits
Answer: C) Thinning of the epidermal layer
15. A client is diagnosed with fluid volume excess (hypervolemia). Which clinical
manifestation should the nurse expect to observe?
A) Flattened neck veins
B) Decreased central venous pressure
C) Distended jugular veins
D) Postural hypotension
Answer: C) Distended jugular veins
