EMS1055 ALL LATEST UPDATED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔CO (carbon monoxide poisoning) Signs and Symptoms - ✔✔S/S: headache,
throbbing, SOB, altered central nervous system function with disturbed judgement,
irritability, dizziness, decreased vision, confusion, collapse, fainting with exertion,
convulsions, unconsciousness, apnea
✔✔Inhalations Burns - ✔✔signs: facial and scalp burns, sooty sputum, singed nasal
hair, eyebrows, soot, swelling, redness, hoarse voice, persistent cough, wheezing or
crackles
✔✔Respiratory distress in pediatrics - ✔✔abnormal breath sounds, noisy breathing,
snoring, crowing, grunting, or wheezing, abnormal positioning, retractions (tensing of
muscle), flaring (nostrils), diaphoretic, cyanotic, tensed stomach muscles
✔✔Injury Patterns of pediatrics - ✔✔head injuries common (problems with balance and
head size), falls, MVCs, auto-pedestrian or bicycle crashes, burns, drownings, and child
abuse
✔✔Trauma in OB Patients - ✔✔high flow oxygen rapidly administered, fetal hypoxia
occurs before maternal hypoxia, fluid administration must me prompt (load and go),
frequently reassess, do not put them in a supine position: results in acute maternal
hypotension and fetal bradycardia, relatively minor abdominal trauma can cause fetal
death, most common cause of fetal death is maternal death
✔✔Results of trauma in OB patient - ✔✔Head injury: fetal distress or fetal death,
Uncontrolled hemorrhage: placental abruption and uterine rupture, assess pelvis: pre-
term labor
✔✔Indications Of Nitroglycerin - ✔✔dyspnea, pressure on chest, suspected AMI or
angina
✔✔Contraindications of Nitroglycerin - ✔✔has taken a phosphodiesterase (Viagra) or
SBP under 100
✔✔OB History - ✔✔How far along are you? How many times have you been pregnant?
How many children do you have? Have you ever had an abortion or miscarriage?
✔✔AMI - ✔✔Levin's Sign, substernal chest pain (pressure and radiates to the neck/jaw
and/or left arm, SOB, nausea/vomiting Tachycardia, tachypnea Apply Oxygen, no high
flow unless SPO2 is <94%, Nitroglycerin (in patients SBP is higher than 100 and hasn't
taken phosphodiaesterases
, ✔✔AMI (History IDDM) - ✔✔Nausea and Vomitting, no feeling of pain (neuropathy)
Tachycardia, tachypnea Apply Oxygen, no high flow unless SPO2 is <94%,
Nitroglycerin (in patients SBP is higher than 100 and hasn't taken phosphodiaesterases
✔✔Unstable Angina - ✔✔Levine's Sign, substernal chest pain (pressure and radiates to
the neck/jaw and/or left arm, SOB, nausea/vomiting Tachycardia, tachypnea
Nitroglycerin and rest do not help, transport as an AMI patient
✔✔Stable Angina - ✔✔Levin's Sign, substernal chest pain (pressure and radiates to the
neck/jaw and/or left arm, SOB, nausea/vomiting Tachycardia, tachypnea Nitroglycerin
and rest, Transport as an AMI patient
✔✔CVA - ✔✔Facial drooping, arm weakness, speech difficulty, headache, tinnitus,
dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), dysphasia (difficulty with speech), Diplopia (double
vision), Photophobia Confusion, Dysdiadochokinesia, pronator drift, Pupils (bilateral
Dilated), Positive FAST exam FAST exam and detailed neuro assessment, Stroke alert
and transport immediately in a 30 degree Semi-fowlers
✔✔Hyperglycemia - ✔✔Weight Loss. Hunger (polyphagia), Thirst (polydipsia), Frequent
urination (polyuria), Hyperventilation, Nausea BGL <7.0 mmol/l (126mg/dL) [Fasting]
BGL <11.0 mmol/L (200 mg/dL) [2 hours after a meal], Acetone Breath, Skin pale, cool,
and diaphoretic, altered mentation If patient can swallow: oral glucose or juice with
added sugar (MUST EAT AFTERWARDS), Can not swallow: Immediate transport, (will
need IV glucose)
✔✔DKA - ✔✔(PMH: Type I Diabetic) 3 P's: Polydipsia, Polyuria, Polyphagia,
Nausea/Vomiting, Abdominal Pain, Leg cramps, Headache BGL >250 md/dL, Low
GCS, Confusion, Acetone Breath, Kussmaul Breathing, Tachycardia, hypotension,
dehydration Transport patient, Doctor treatment only
✔✔DI (Diabetes Insipidus) - ✔✔Fatigue, polydipsia, polyuria Dehydration, BGL not
affected, Type I (juvenile Needs insulin to survive) Type II (obtained, with or without
insulin)
✔✔COPD/Emphysema - ✔✔Productive cough for three months or more in two
consecutive years (Chronic Bronchitis), Dyspnea Barrel Chest, Pursed lips, wheezes,
decreased lung sounds, Rales, cyanotic skin, edema Sit patient upright, give oxygen as
needed, assist with MDI, transport in comfortable position
✔✔Asthma - ✔✔Dyspnea, cough, excessive mucus production Expiratory Wheezes,
Assist with MDI, Give Oxygen as needed, transport in a 90 degree high fowler's position
✔✔Heart Failure-Left Sided - ✔✔Dyspnea, orthopnea, PND, Fatigue, MS changes,
Cough, Weight Gain Tachycardia, tachypnea, gallop (S3 or S4), Crackeles, Pulmonary
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔CO (carbon monoxide poisoning) Signs and Symptoms - ✔✔S/S: headache,
throbbing, SOB, altered central nervous system function with disturbed judgement,
irritability, dizziness, decreased vision, confusion, collapse, fainting with exertion,
convulsions, unconsciousness, apnea
✔✔Inhalations Burns - ✔✔signs: facial and scalp burns, sooty sputum, singed nasal
hair, eyebrows, soot, swelling, redness, hoarse voice, persistent cough, wheezing or
crackles
✔✔Respiratory distress in pediatrics - ✔✔abnormal breath sounds, noisy breathing,
snoring, crowing, grunting, or wheezing, abnormal positioning, retractions (tensing of
muscle), flaring (nostrils), diaphoretic, cyanotic, tensed stomach muscles
✔✔Injury Patterns of pediatrics - ✔✔head injuries common (problems with balance and
head size), falls, MVCs, auto-pedestrian or bicycle crashes, burns, drownings, and child
abuse
✔✔Trauma in OB Patients - ✔✔high flow oxygen rapidly administered, fetal hypoxia
occurs before maternal hypoxia, fluid administration must me prompt (load and go),
frequently reassess, do not put them in a supine position: results in acute maternal
hypotension and fetal bradycardia, relatively minor abdominal trauma can cause fetal
death, most common cause of fetal death is maternal death
✔✔Results of trauma in OB patient - ✔✔Head injury: fetal distress or fetal death,
Uncontrolled hemorrhage: placental abruption and uterine rupture, assess pelvis: pre-
term labor
✔✔Indications Of Nitroglycerin - ✔✔dyspnea, pressure on chest, suspected AMI or
angina
✔✔Contraindications of Nitroglycerin - ✔✔has taken a phosphodiesterase (Viagra) or
SBP under 100
✔✔OB History - ✔✔How far along are you? How many times have you been pregnant?
How many children do you have? Have you ever had an abortion or miscarriage?
✔✔AMI - ✔✔Levin's Sign, substernal chest pain (pressure and radiates to the neck/jaw
and/or left arm, SOB, nausea/vomiting Tachycardia, tachypnea Apply Oxygen, no high
flow unless SPO2 is <94%, Nitroglycerin (in patients SBP is higher than 100 and hasn't
taken phosphodiaesterases
, ✔✔AMI (History IDDM) - ✔✔Nausea and Vomitting, no feeling of pain (neuropathy)
Tachycardia, tachypnea Apply Oxygen, no high flow unless SPO2 is <94%,
Nitroglycerin (in patients SBP is higher than 100 and hasn't taken phosphodiaesterases
✔✔Unstable Angina - ✔✔Levine's Sign, substernal chest pain (pressure and radiates to
the neck/jaw and/or left arm, SOB, nausea/vomiting Tachycardia, tachypnea
Nitroglycerin and rest do not help, transport as an AMI patient
✔✔Stable Angina - ✔✔Levin's Sign, substernal chest pain (pressure and radiates to the
neck/jaw and/or left arm, SOB, nausea/vomiting Tachycardia, tachypnea Nitroglycerin
and rest, Transport as an AMI patient
✔✔CVA - ✔✔Facial drooping, arm weakness, speech difficulty, headache, tinnitus,
dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), dysphasia (difficulty with speech), Diplopia (double
vision), Photophobia Confusion, Dysdiadochokinesia, pronator drift, Pupils (bilateral
Dilated), Positive FAST exam FAST exam and detailed neuro assessment, Stroke alert
and transport immediately in a 30 degree Semi-fowlers
✔✔Hyperglycemia - ✔✔Weight Loss. Hunger (polyphagia), Thirst (polydipsia), Frequent
urination (polyuria), Hyperventilation, Nausea BGL <7.0 mmol/l (126mg/dL) [Fasting]
BGL <11.0 mmol/L (200 mg/dL) [2 hours after a meal], Acetone Breath, Skin pale, cool,
and diaphoretic, altered mentation If patient can swallow: oral glucose or juice with
added sugar (MUST EAT AFTERWARDS), Can not swallow: Immediate transport, (will
need IV glucose)
✔✔DKA - ✔✔(PMH: Type I Diabetic) 3 P's: Polydipsia, Polyuria, Polyphagia,
Nausea/Vomiting, Abdominal Pain, Leg cramps, Headache BGL >250 md/dL, Low
GCS, Confusion, Acetone Breath, Kussmaul Breathing, Tachycardia, hypotension,
dehydration Transport patient, Doctor treatment only
✔✔DI (Diabetes Insipidus) - ✔✔Fatigue, polydipsia, polyuria Dehydration, BGL not
affected, Type I (juvenile Needs insulin to survive) Type II (obtained, with or without
insulin)
✔✔COPD/Emphysema - ✔✔Productive cough for three months or more in two
consecutive years (Chronic Bronchitis), Dyspnea Barrel Chest, Pursed lips, wheezes,
decreased lung sounds, Rales, cyanotic skin, edema Sit patient upright, give oxygen as
needed, assist with MDI, transport in comfortable position
✔✔Asthma - ✔✔Dyspnea, cough, excessive mucus production Expiratory Wheezes,
Assist with MDI, Give Oxygen as needed, transport in a 90 degree high fowler's position
✔✔Heart Failure-Left Sided - ✔✔Dyspnea, orthopnea, PND, Fatigue, MS changes,
Cough, Weight Gain Tachycardia, tachypnea, gallop (S3 or S4), Crackeles, Pulmonary
