BIOL 1201 CORE MAIN 2026 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔How does NAD* function in cellular respiration?
A) As an enzyme
B) As a proton pump
C) As an electron carrier
D) As an ATP synthase - ✔✔C) As an electron carrier
✔✔What is the role of ATP synthase?
A) Synthesizes glucose
B) Transports electrons
C) Uses proton gradient to generate ATP
D) Breaks down proteins - ✔✔C) Uses proton gradient to generate ATP
✔✔CHAPTER 10: Photosynthesis
The light reactions of photosynthesis take place in the:
A) Stroma
B) Cytosol
C) Thylakoid membranes
D) Inner mitochondrial membrane - ✔✔C) Thylakoid membranes
✔✔What is the main purpose of the Calvin cycle?
A) Produce ATP
B) Split water molecules
C) Fix carbon into sugar
D) Generate oxygen - ✔✔C) Fix carbon into sugar
✔✔The oxygen produced during photosynthesis comes from:
A) CO2
B) Glucose
C) Water
D) NADPH - ✔✔C) Water
✔✔Which pigment is most important for capturing light energy in plants?
A) Carotenoids
B) Chlorophyll a
C) Chlorophyll b
,D) Xanthophyll - ✔✔B) Chlorophyll a
✔✔What two energy-carrying molecules are made in the light reactions?
A) NAD+ and CO2
B) ATP and glucose
C) NADPH and ATP
D) FADH and pyruvate - ✔✔C) NADPH and ATP
✔✔The Calvin cycle requires all of the following EXCEPT:
A) ATP
B) NADPH
C) CO2
D) O2 - ✔✔D) O2
✔✔CHAPTER 11: Cell Communication
A signal molecule that binds to a receptor is called a:
A) Kinase
B) Ligand
C) Enzyme
D) Channel - ✔✔B) Ligand
✔✔What type of receptor enters the nucleus to affect gene expression?
A) G-protein coupled receptor
B) lon channel
C) Intracellular receptor
D) Tyrosine kinase - ✔✔C) Intracellular receptor
✔✔In signal transduction, the signal is usually:
A) Destroyed by the receptor
B) Translated into RNA
C) Amplified and relayed through proteins
D) Sent to the Golgi apparatus - ✔✔C) Amplified and relayed through proteins
✔✔What is a second messenger?
A) A protein receptor
B) An extracellular signal
C) A small molecule that relays signals inside the cell
, D) A kinase enzyme - ✔✔C) A small molecule that relays signals inside the cell
✔✔What type of protein adds phosphate groups to other proteins?
A) Phosphatase
B) Kinase
C) Ligand
D) Cyclase - ✔✔B) Kinase
✔✔Which process involves signal molecules binding to receptors on the surface of the
target cell?
A) Direct contact
B) Local signaling
C) Long-distance signaling
D) All of the above - ✔✔D) All of the above
✔✔CHAPTER 12: The Cell Cycle
During which phase of the cell cycle is
DNA replicated?
A) M phase
B) G1 phase
C) S phase
D) G2 phase - ✔✔C) S phase
✔✔What process divides the cytoplasm?
A) Mitosis
B) Cytokinesis
C) Interphase
D) Telophase - ✔✔B) Cytokinesis
✔✔The mitotic spindle is made of:
A) DNA
B) Microtubules
C) Actin
D) Centrioles only - ✔✔B) Microtubules
✔✔Sister chromatids are pulled apart during:
A) Prophase
B) Metaphase
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔How does NAD* function in cellular respiration?
A) As an enzyme
B) As a proton pump
C) As an electron carrier
D) As an ATP synthase - ✔✔C) As an electron carrier
✔✔What is the role of ATP synthase?
A) Synthesizes glucose
B) Transports electrons
C) Uses proton gradient to generate ATP
D) Breaks down proteins - ✔✔C) Uses proton gradient to generate ATP
✔✔CHAPTER 10: Photosynthesis
The light reactions of photosynthesis take place in the:
A) Stroma
B) Cytosol
C) Thylakoid membranes
D) Inner mitochondrial membrane - ✔✔C) Thylakoid membranes
✔✔What is the main purpose of the Calvin cycle?
A) Produce ATP
B) Split water molecules
C) Fix carbon into sugar
D) Generate oxygen - ✔✔C) Fix carbon into sugar
✔✔The oxygen produced during photosynthesis comes from:
A) CO2
B) Glucose
C) Water
D) NADPH - ✔✔C) Water
✔✔Which pigment is most important for capturing light energy in plants?
A) Carotenoids
B) Chlorophyll a
C) Chlorophyll b
,D) Xanthophyll - ✔✔B) Chlorophyll a
✔✔What two energy-carrying molecules are made in the light reactions?
A) NAD+ and CO2
B) ATP and glucose
C) NADPH and ATP
D) FADH and pyruvate - ✔✔C) NADPH and ATP
✔✔The Calvin cycle requires all of the following EXCEPT:
A) ATP
B) NADPH
C) CO2
D) O2 - ✔✔D) O2
✔✔CHAPTER 11: Cell Communication
A signal molecule that binds to a receptor is called a:
A) Kinase
B) Ligand
C) Enzyme
D) Channel - ✔✔B) Ligand
✔✔What type of receptor enters the nucleus to affect gene expression?
A) G-protein coupled receptor
B) lon channel
C) Intracellular receptor
D) Tyrosine kinase - ✔✔C) Intracellular receptor
✔✔In signal transduction, the signal is usually:
A) Destroyed by the receptor
B) Translated into RNA
C) Amplified and relayed through proteins
D) Sent to the Golgi apparatus - ✔✔C) Amplified and relayed through proteins
✔✔What is a second messenger?
A) A protein receptor
B) An extracellular signal
C) A small molecule that relays signals inside the cell
, D) A kinase enzyme - ✔✔C) A small molecule that relays signals inside the cell
✔✔What type of protein adds phosphate groups to other proteins?
A) Phosphatase
B) Kinase
C) Ligand
D) Cyclase - ✔✔B) Kinase
✔✔Which process involves signal molecules binding to receptors on the surface of the
target cell?
A) Direct contact
B) Local signaling
C) Long-distance signaling
D) All of the above - ✔✔D) All of the above
✔✔CHAPTER 12: The Cell Cycle
During which phase of the cell cycle is
DNA replicated?
A) M phase
B) G1 phase
C) S phase
D) G2 phase - ✔✔C) S phase
✔✔What process divides the cytoplasm?
A) Mitosis
B) Cytokinesis
C) Interphase
D) Telophase - ✔✔B) Cytokinesis
✔✔The mitotic spindle is made of:
A) DNA
B) Microtubules
C) Actin
D) Centrioles only - ✔✔B) Microtubules
✔✔Sister chromatids are pulled apart during:
A) Prophase
B) Metaphase
