BSC 108 Exam 3 Actual Exam Study
Questions with Expert Graded A+
Answers | Latest Edition
1. How do the bases pair in a DNA strand? - ANSWER -Adenine, Thymine,
Cytosine, Guanine
-(A,T,C,G)
2. What are the differences between RNA and DNA? - ANSWER -RNA
contains ribose rather than deoxyribose
-RNA contains base uracil (U) rather than thymine
-RNA is usually found in single-stranded form, while DNA usually exists as a
double helix
3. What is a mutation? What can cause a mutation? - ANSWER -A mutation is
a change in the DNA sequence caused by:
-external agents
- an error in internal processing
4. What is a gene? - ANSWER molecular unit of heredity of a living organism
5. What are homologous chromosomes? - ANSWER -Chromosome pairs of
approximately the smae length, centromere position, and staining pattern,
with genes for the same characteristics at corresponding locations
,6. What is a zygote? - ANSWER a diploid cell resulting from the fusion of
two haploid gametes; a fertilized ovum.
7. Who is Gregor Mendel? - ANSWER founder of genetics
8. Why did he use the garden pea? - ANSWER -These plant are easily
manipulated
-These plants can self-fertilize
9. Allele - ANSWER one of two or more forms of a gene or a genetic locus
(genes)
10.Dominant - ANSWER An allele that is always expressed
11.Recessive - ANSWER An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is
present
12.Homozygous - ANSWER When an organism has identical (same) alleles
for a gene
13.Heterozygous - ANSWER When an organism has different alleles for a
gene
14.Genotype - ANSWER genetic makeup of an organism
15.Phenotype - ANSWER An organism's physical appearance, or visible traits.
,16.True-breeding - ANSWER term used to describe organisms that produce
offspring identical to themselves if allowed to self-pollinate
17.Locus - ANSWER a specific location of a gene or DNA sequence on a
chromosome
18.What are the four nucleotide bases for DNA and RNA? - ANSWER DNA:
thymine (T), cytosine (C), adenine (A), and guanine (G)
RNA: uracil (U) , cytosine (C), adenine (A), and guanine (G).
19.What is the full name for DNA? RNA? - ANSWER DNA:
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
RNA: Ribonucleic Acid
20.Know where the sugar, phosphates, and nucleotides are located on the
double helix. - ANSWER
21.How can a mutation be good, bad or cause no obvious difference? -
ANSWER Good: when it enables the organism to withstand particular
environmental stresses better than normal.
22.Bad: Mostly all the time. To populations and one's own health.
23.Who won the Nobel Prize for the structure of DNA? - ANSWER James
Watson and Francis Crick
24.What is replication? - ANSWER Replication occurs in all organisms and
copies DNA.
, 25.It is the basis for biological inheritance.
26.What is transcription? - ANSWER The synthesis of mRNA under the
direction of DNA
27.What is translation? - ANSWER The synthesis of a polypeptide (which will
late become a protein) under the direction of mRNA
28.Where does replication, transcription and translation take place? -
ANSWER Replication takes place in the nucleus.
29.How can a mutation in the DNA result in a protein not functioning
correctly? - ANSWER -By altering DNA the end result can be detrimental
due to the changes in DNA.
30.What is a mutagen? Know some examples of mutagens. - ANSWER -a
permanent change in the DNA sequence of a gene
-DNA damage from environmental agents (ex. ultraviolet, sunshine, nuclear
radiation or other certain chemicals)
-Mistakes that occur when a cell copies its DNA in preparation for cell division.
31.Gene - ANSWER A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a
specific trait
32.What is the P generation? - ANSWER parental generation
Questions with Expert Graded A+
Answers | Latest Edition
1. How do the bases pair in a DNA strand? - ANSWER -Adenine, Thymine,
Cytosine, Guanine
-(A,T,C,G)
2. What are the differences between RNA and DNA? - ANSWER -RNA
contains ribose rather than deoxyribose
-RNA contains base uracil (U) rather than thymine
-RNA is usually found in single-stranded form, while DNA usually exists as a
double helix
3. What is a mutation? What can cause a mutation? - ANSWER -A mutation is
a change in the DNA sequence caused by:
-external agents
- an error in internal processing
4. What is a gene? - ANSWER molecular unit of heredity of a living organism
5. What are homologous chromosomes? - ANSWER -Chromosome pairs of
approximately the smae length, centromere position, and staining pattern,
with genes for the same characteristics at corresponding locations
,6. What is a zygote? - ANSWER a diploid cell resulting from the fusion of
two haploid gametes; a fertilized ovum.
7. Who is Gregor Mendel? - ANSWER founder of genetics
8. Why did he use the garden pea? - ANSWER -These plant are easily
manipulated
-These plants can self-fertilize
9. Allele - ANSWER one of two or more forms of a gene or a genetic locus
(genes)
10.Dominant - ANSWER An allele that is always expressed
11.Recessive - ANSWER An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is
present
12.Homozygous - ANSWER When an organism has identical (same) alleles
for a gene
13.Heterozygous - ANSWER When an organism has different alleles for a
gene
14.Genotype - ANSWER genetic makeup of an organism
15.Phenotype - ANSWER An organism's physical appearance, or visible traits.
,16.True-breeding - ANSWER term used to describe organisms that produce
offspring identical to themselves if allowed to self-pollinate
17.Locus - ANSWER a specific location of a gene or DNA sequence on a
chromosome
18.What are the four nucleotide bases for DNA and RNA? - ANSWER DNA:
thymine (T), cytosine (C), adenine (A), and guanine (G)
RNA: uracil (U) , cytosine (C), adenine (A), and guanine (G).
19.What is the full name for DNA? RNA? - ANSWER DNA:
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
RNA: Ribonucleic Acid
20.Know where the sugar, phosphates, and nucleotides are located on the
double helix. - ANSWER
21.How can a mutation be good, bad or cause no obvious difference? -
ANSWER Good: when it enables the organism to withstand particular
environmental stresses better than normal.
22.Bad: Mostly all the time. To populations and one's own health.
23.Who won the Nobel Prize for the structure of DNA? - ANSWER James
Watson and Francis Crick
24.What is replication? - ANSWER Replication occurs in all organisms and
copies DNA.
, 25.It is the basis for biological inheritance.
26.What is transcription? - ANSWER The synthesis of mRNA under the
direction of DNA
27.What is translation? - ANSWER The synthesis of a polypeptide (which will
late become a protein) under the direction of mRNA
28.Where does replication, transcription and translation take place? -
ANSWER Replication takes place in the nucleus.
29.How can a mutation in the DNA result in a protein not functioning
correctly? - ANSWER -By altering DNA the end result can be detrimental
due to the changes in DNA.
30.What is a mutagen? Know some examples of mutagens. - ANSWER -a
permanent change in the DNA sequence of a gene
-DNA damage from environmental agents (ex. ultraviolet, sunshine, nuclear
radiation or other certain chemicals)
-Mistakes that occur when a cell copies its DNA in preparation for cell division.
31.Gene - ANSWER A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a
specific trait
32.What is the P generation? - ANSWER parental generation
