ERP
2025-2026
JULIE DE WILDE
,Contents
1 What is a business process?.........................................................................................................................................2
1.1 Business Processes....................................................................................................................................................2
1.1.1 Sales department....................................................................................................................................................2
1.2 Value stream model...................................................................................................................................................3
1.3 ERP............................................................................................................................................................................4
1.4 SOD = Segregation of duties!.....................................................................................................................................4
1.4.1 Master data management (MDM)..........................................................................................................................4
2 Sales............................................................................................................................................................................. 5
2.1 CRM...........................................................................................................................................................................5
2.1.1 What’s CRM?..........................................................................................................................................................5
2.1.2 Pre-sales.................................................................................................................................................................5
2.1.3 Commercial data (S&OP)........................................................................................................................................6
2.1.4 Data management..................................................................................................................................................6
2.1.5 Post-sales................................................................................................................................................................6
2.2 CODP......................................................................................................................................................................... 6
2.3 Customer Lead Time (MTO).......................................................................................................................................7
2.4 EDI.............................................................................................................................................................................9
3 Purchase....................................................................................................................................................................... 9
3.1 The process................................................................................................................................................................9
3.2 Requisition & Selection............................................................................................................................................10
3.3 Purchase order........................................................................................................................................................11
3.4 Invoice..................................................................................................................................................................... 12
3.5 Special cases............................................................................................................................................................12
4 Production – Forecast (demand & supply)..................................................................................................................13
4.1 The forecast.............................................................................................................................................................13
4.2 Independent demand..............................................................................................................................................14
4.3 Feasibility.................................................................................................................................................................15
4.4 Supply planning.......................................................................................................................................................16
4.5 Replenishment strategies........................................................................................................................................17
5 Production – Produce.................................................................................................................................................18
5.1 Release.................................................................................................................................................................... 18
5.2 Prepare.................................................................................................................................................................... 19
5.3 Stage........................................................................................................................................................................ 19
5.4 Produce................................................................................................................................................................... 20
5.5 Complete................................................................................................................................................................. 21
1
, 1 What is a business process?
In this class we will use the case of a furniture company: Azure Interior; the furniture company
The goal of a company is to use different processes to make a product that add value to the used resources.
There are 3 types of processes
The physical process
o Transport of good
o Carrying the goods
o Preparation of the goods
o Selling of the goods
o Eating of the goods
Documents
o There is a paper trail (of documents)
Ex: opdrachtbon, kassaticket, factuur,…
o Must match with physical process so that after the transaction you’ll still know what went into the
making/retrace it
Finance
o There is a financial trace in the form of money and accounting entries (assets v liabilities)
o You use those documents to pay transports, deliveries,..
If you don’t have paper trail difficult
Especially with cash-based company
A lot of processes are happing in the back while only the Sales & Distribution is seen by customers.
Department= way for companies to organize itself and often aligns with processes but not always
Process= general overview of what a company does
MM= right materials? PD
1.1 Business Processes
1.1.1 Sales department
Our sales department is in charge of contacting the client and the majority of the sales process (not all of it though!!)
The sales department
o Pre-sales: what does our customer want = selection
proposes a quote if the customer agrees this becomes a salesorder
o Salesorder: mutual commitment or transaction
o Then check availability in warehouse (also often done during the sales process)
The warehouse (WH)
o Product in stock
o Product not in stock
Logistics
o Product in stock
2
2025-2026
JULIE DE WILDE
,Contents
1 What is a business process?.........................................................................................................................................2
1.1 Business Processes....................................................................................................................................................2
1.1.1 Sales department....................................................................................................................................................2
1.2 Value stream model...................................................................................................................................................3
1.3 ERP............................................................................................................................................................................4
1.4 SOD = Segregation of duties!.....................................................................................................................................4
1.4.1 Master data management (MDM)..........................................................................................................................4
2 Sales............................................................................................................................................................................. 5
2.1 CRM...........................................................................................................................................................................5
2.1.1 What’s CRM?..........................................................................................................................................................5
2.1.2 Pre-sales.................................................................................................................................................................5
2.1.3 Commercial data (S&OP)........................................................................................................................................6
2.1.4 Data management..................................................................................................................................................6
2.1.5 Post-sales................................................................................................................................................................6
2.2 CODP......................................................................................................................................................................... 6
2.3 Customer Lead Time (MTO).......................................................................................................................................7
2.4 EDI.............................................................................................................................................................................9
3 Purchase....................................................................................................................................................................... 9
3.1 The process................................................................................................................................................................9
3.2 Requisition & Selection............................................................................................................................................10
3.3 Purchase order........................................................................................................................................................11
3.4 Invoice..................................................................................................................................................................... 12
3.5 Special cases............................................................................................................................................................12
4 Production – Forecast (demand & supply)..................................................................................................................13
4.1 The forecast.............................................................................................................................................................13
4.2 Independent demand..............................................................................................................................................14
4.3 Feasibility.................................................................................................................................................................15
4.4 Supply planning.......................................................................................................................................................16
4.5 Replenishment strategies........................................................................................................................................17
5 Production – Produce.................................................................................................................................................18
5.1 Release.................................................................................................................................................................... 18
5.2 Prepare.................................................................................................................................................................... 19
5.3 Stage........................................................................................................................................................................ 19
5.4 Produce................................................................................................................................................................... 20
5.5 Complete................................................................................................................................................................. 21
1
, 1 What is a business process?
In this class we will use the case of a furniture company: Azure Interior; the furniture company
The goal of a company is to use different processes to make a product that add value to the used resources.
There are 3 types of processes
The physical process
o Transport of good
o Carrying the goods
o Preparation of the goods
o Selling of the goods
o Eating of the goods
Documents
o There is a paper trail (of documents)
Ex: opdrachtbon, kassaticket, factuur,…
o Must match with physical process so that after the transaction you’ll still know what went into the
making/retrace it
Finance
o There is a financial trace in the form of money and accounting entries (assets v liabilities)
o You use those documents to pay transports, deliveries,..
If you don’t have paper trail difficult
Especially with cash-based company
A lot of processes are happing in the back while only the Sales & Distribution is seen by customers.
Department= way for companies to organize itself and often aligns with processes but not always
Process= general overview of what a company does
MM= right materials? PD
1.1 Business Processes
1.1.1 Sales department
Our sales department is in charge of contacting the client and the majority of the sales process (not all of it though!!)
The sales department
o Pre-sales: what does our customer want = selection
proposes a quote if the customer agrees this becomes a salesorder
o Salesorder: mutual commitment or transaction
o Then check availability in warehouse (also often done during the sales process)
The warehouse (WH)
o Product in stock
o Product not in stock
Logistics
o Product in stock
2
