ATI Gerontology Final Exam Quiz (5 Latest Versions,
2022) / Gerontology ATI Final Exam Quiz |Real +
Practice Exam, Verified Q & A|
PART 1: PHYSIOLOGIC CHANGES OF AGING
Question 1
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has pneumonia. Which
physiologic change associated with aging places the client at a greater
risk for pneumonia?
A. Decreased anterior-posterior diameter
B. Increased diameter of the small airways
C. Decreased number of cilia
D. Increased alveolar surface area
Correct Answer: C. Decreased number of cilia
Rationale: A physiologic change associated with aging is a decreased
number of cilia. This, along with a less effective cough, leads to
diminished efficiency of the normal defense mechanisms for clearing
the airway, putting the client at increased risk for infection, such as
pneumonia.
Question 2
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has a new onset of type 2
diabetes mellitus. Which physiologic change contributes to the
development of type 2 diabetes?
A. Increased production of insulin by the pancreas
B. Decreased sensitivity to circulating insulin
C. Increased rate of glucose metabolism
D. Decreased release of glycogen by the liver
,Correct Answer: B. Decreased sensitivity to circulating insulin
Rationale: The pancreas in older adult clients demonstrates reduced
tissue sensitivity to circulating insulin, leading to an increased risk of
developing type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Question 3
A nurse is caring for an older adult client. Which physiologic change
associated with aging can affect medication dosage in this client?
A. Increased glomerular filtration rate
B. Decreased body fat
C. Decreased gastric motility
D. Decreased gastric pH
Correct Answer: C. Decreased gastric motility
Rationale: Decreased gastric motility results in medications remaining
in the digestive tract for longer periods of time, leading to slow
absorption of the medication. The provider might have to allow for a
longer time for medication onset and peak by extending the length of
time between doses.
Question 4
A nurse is reviewing the records of a group of older adults. Which
finding should the nurse identify as an unexpected manifestation of the
aging process?
A. Liver spots
B. Decreased gastric motility
C. Obesity
D. Decreased vaginal lubrication
Correct Answer: C. Obesity
,Rationale: The nurse should recognize that although obesity is found
among a large percentage of the older adult population, this is an
unexpected finding and can lead to cardiovascular disease, diabetes,
and stroke. The other options are expected, age-related changes.
Question 5
A nurse is collecting data from an 85-year-old client. Which finding
should the nurse report to the provider?
A. Decreased skin turgor
B. Diminished deep tendon reflexes
C. Differences in pulse strength between lower extremities
D. Mild kyphosis
Correct Answer: C. Differences in pulse strength between lower
extremities
Rationale: A difference in pulse strength can indicate a vascular
complication. Assessment of the peripheral vascular system should also
include temperature, color, sensation, edema, and skin integrity of both
the upper and lower extremities. The nurse should identify any
differences in symmetry of these findings and report them.
Question 6
What research method/design is most appropriate for looking at aging
from the life course perspective?
A. Longitudinal research
B. Quasi-experimental design
C. Experimental design
D. Panel study
E. Survey analysis
Correct Answer: A. Longitudinal research
, Rationale: Longitudinal research follows the same subjects over a long
period of time, which is essential for studying aging and developmental
changes across the life span. This design allows researchers to observe
changes within individuals as they age.
Question 7
The most persistent view of aging in society reflects continuous
deterioration and decline, thus forming the basis for age-based
prejudice known as:
A. Age grading
B. Age stratification
C. Age norms
D. Ageism
E. Age differentiation
Correct Answer: D. Ageism
Rationale: Ageism refers to prejudice and discrimination based on age.
It is rooted in the negative societal view of aging as a period of
continuous deterioration and decline.
Question 8
The transition out of social roles, such as widowhood and retirement, is
referred to as:
A. Unsuccessful aging
B. Cognitive functioning
C. Continuity theory
D. Life events
E. Role loss
Correct Answer: E. Role loss
2022) / Gerontology ATI Final Exam Quiz |Real +
Practice Exam, Verified Q & A|
PART 1: PHYSIOLOGIC CHANGES OF AGING
Question 1
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has pneumonia. Which
physiologic change associated with aging places the client at a greater
risk for pneumonia?
A. Decreased anterior-posterior diameter
B. Increased diameter of the small airways
C. Decreased number of cilia
D. Increased alveolar surface area
Correct Answer: C. Decreased number of cilia
Rationale: A physiologic change associated with aging is a decreased
number of cilia. This, along with a less effective cough, leads to
diminished efficiency of the normal defense mechanisms for clearing
the airway, putting the client at increased risk for infection, such as
pneumonia.
Question 2
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has a new onset of type 2
diabetes mellitus. Which physiologic change contributes to the
development of type 2 diabetes?
A. Increased production of insulin by the pancreas
B. Decreased sensitivity to circulating insulin
C. Increased rate of glucose metabolism
D. Decreased release of glycogen by the liver
,Correct Answer: B. Decreased sensitivity to circulating insulin
Rationale: The pancreas in older adult clients demonstrates reduced
tissue sensitivity to circulating insulin, leading to an increased risk of
developing type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Question 3
A nurse is caring for an older adult client. Which physiologic change
associated with aging can affect medication dosage in this client?
A. Increased glomerular filtration rate
B. Decreased body fat
C. Decreased gastric motility
D. Decreased gastric pH
Correct Answer: C. Decreased gastric motility
Rationale: Decreased gastric motility results in medications remaining
in the digestive tract for longer periods of time, leading to slow
absorption of the medication. The provider might have to allow for a
longer time for medication onset and peak by extending the length of
time between doses.
Question 4
A nurse is reviewing the records of a group of older adults. Which
finding should the nurse identify as an unexpected manifestation of the
aging process?
A. Liver spots
B. Decreased gastric motility
C. Obesity
D. Decreased vaginal lubrication
Correct Answer: C. Obesity
,Rationale: The nurse should recognize that although obesity is found
among a large percentage of the older adult population, this is an
unexpected finding and can lead to cardiovascular disease, diabetes,
and stroke. The other options are expected, age-related changes.
Question 5
A nurse is collecting data from an 85-year-old client. Which finding
should the nurse report to the provider?
A. Decreased skin turgor
B. Diminished deep tendon reflexes
C. Differences in pulse strength between lower extremities
D. Mild kyphosis
Correct Answer: C. Differences in pulse strength between lower
extremities
Rationale: A difference in pulse strength can indicate a vascular
complication. Assessment of the peripheral vascular system should also
include temperature, color, sensation, edema, and skin integrity of both
the upper and lower extremities. The nurse should identify any
differences in symmetry of these findings and report them.
Question 6
What research method/design is most appropriate for looking at aging
from the life course perspective?
A. Longitudinal research
B. Quasi-experimental design
C. Experimental design
D. Panel study
E. Survey analysis
Correct Answer: A. Longitudinal research
, Rationale: Longitudinal research follows the same subjects over a long
period of time, which is essential for studying aging and developmental
changes across the life span. This design allows researchers to observe
changes within individuals as they age.
Question 7
The most persistent view of aging in society reflects continuous
deterioration and decline, thus forming the basis for age-based
prejudice known as:
A. Age grading
B. Age stratification
C. Age norms
D. Ageism
E. Age differentiation
Correct Answer: D. Ageism
Rationale: Ageism refers to prejudice and discrimination based on age.
It is rooted in the negative societal view of aging as a period of
continuous deterioration and decline.
Question 8
The transition out of social roles, such as widowhood and retirement, is
referred to as:
A. Unsuccessful aging
B. Cognitive functioning
C. Continuity theory
D. Life events
E. Role loss
Correct Answer: E. Role loss
