All Chapters Reverse
1. Heavy harvesting of which invertebrate species during the 1970s reduced the population to
about 1% of its original size?
a. the western bumblebee
*b. the white abalone
c. the monarch butterfly
d. the spiny lobster
e. the yellow stonefly
2. A species that is confined to the limited area in which it evolved is ____.
*a. endemic
b. endangered
c. threatened
d. extinct
e. exotic
3. A species that faces extinction in all or part of its range is ____.
*a. endangered
b. threatened
c. rare
d. endemic
e. exotic
4. The crash of the Atlantic codfish population and the white abalone were both due to ____.
a. invasive species
b. infections
c. ocean pollutants
*d. overharvesting
e. habitat destruction
5. Compared to species that have spread to many areas, endemic species are more likely to go
extinct due to ____.
a. overharvesting
*b. habitat destruction
c. air pollutants
d. water pollutants
e. invasive species
,6. California’s native golden trout declined after European brown trout and eastern brook trout
were introduced into California’s mountain streams for sport fishing. This is an example of what
type of threat?
a. overharvesting
b. commercial sporting
*c. invasive species
d. endemic species
e. habitat destruction
7. Currently, the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN)
does not monitor threats to ____.
a. vertebrates
b. plants
c. invertebrates
d. mammals
*e. bacteria
8. The most recent mass extinction on Earth ____.
a. happened 65 million years ago when dinosaurs became extinct
b. was 248 million years ago when Pangea formed
*c. is going on now and is due to human activities
d. happened 544 million years ago during a period of massive glaciation
e. occurred 360 million years ago, when 70% of marine groups were lost
9. What was the primary cause of the ‘Dust bowl’ in the United States during the 1930s?
a. deforestation on the southern Great Plains
b. acid rain that harmed a large portion of the southern Great Plains
c. overgrazing on natural grasslands
*d. plowing of natural grasslands exposed topsoil to wind
e. exotic species invading natural grasslands
10. What role does wind play in desertification?
a. Wind disperses seeds.
*b. Wind blows away topsoil.
c. Wind accelerates grass growth.
d. Wind damages mature grasses of grasslands.
e. Wind causes drought.
,11. Estimates of the number of currently living species range as high as 1 trillion, but the
number of those that have been described and named is only about ____.
a. 10 billion
b. 2 billion
c. 25 million
*d. 2 million
e. 200 thousand
12. The best way to prevent desertification is to avoid farming in areas subject to ____.
a. flooding
b. deforestation
c. exotic plant invasions
d. topsoil buildup
*e. high winds and periodic drought
13. When plowing or grazing removes plants and exposes topsoil to wind erosion, the result is
often ____
*a. desertification
b. acidification
c. deforestation
d. bioaccumulation
e. biological magnification
14. Flooding, landslides, soil nutrient loss, and global climate change all result from ____.
a. the introduction of exotic plants
b. fragmentation
*c. deforestation
d. ozone depletion
e. biological magnification
15. What happens when plant cover is removed from the ground?
a. The ground will be wetter because roots are no longer sucking up water.
*b. Less rain will fall because of reduced transpiration.
c. The ground soaks up more water after a rainfall.
d. More species will fill the habitat.
e. Lakes and rivers become larger.
16. In what region of the world are forests disappearing the fastest?
, a. East Asia
b. Europe
c. North America
*d. the tropics
e. the Arctic
17. Plastics that wash into the ocean cause problems mainly because they ____.
a. clog the gills of fish
*b. are eaten by marine animals
c. are unsightly
d. leach toxins
e. disturb water flow patterns
18. For conservation purposes, if the only known members of a species are in captivity, the
species is referred to as “____ in the wild”.
*a. extinct
b. extant
c. exotic
d. endemic
e. endangered
19. Four of the five answers are correct ways to reduce the impact of plastic trash. Select the
exception.
a. choose durable items over disposable ones.
b. recycle and reuse
c. avoid buying plastic products where alternatives exist
d. dispose of waste properly
*e. ask for plastic shopping bags instead of using your own bags
20. Four of these five choices are reasons to be concerned about increasing levels of UV
radiation reaching Earth. Select the exception.
a. gene mutations
b. skin cancers
*c. increased oxygen production
d. decline in atmospheric oxygen
e. decreased rate of photosynthesis
21. Four of these five choices are products that contain chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). Select the
exception.
1. Heavy harvesting of which invertebrate species during the 1970s reduced the population to
about 1% of its original size?
a. the western bumblebee
*b. the white abalone
c. the monarch butterfly
d. the spiny lobster
e. the yellow stonefly
2. A species that is confined to the limited area in which it evolved is ____.
*a. endemic
b. endangered
c. threatened
d. extinct
e. exotic
3. A species that faces extinction in all or part of its range is ____.
*a. endangered
b. threatened
c. rare
d. endemic
e. exotic
4. The crash of the Atlantic codfish population and the white abalone were both due to ____.
a. invasive species
b. infections
c. ocean pollutants
*d. overharvesting
e. habitat destruction
5. Compared to species that have spread to many areas, endemic species are more likely to go
extinct due to ____.
a. overharvesting
*b. habitat destruction
c. air pollutants
d. water pollutants
e. invasive species
,6. California’s native golden trout declined after European brown trout and eastern brook trout
were introduced into California’s mountain streams for sport fishing. This is an example of what
type of threat?
a. overharvesting
b. commercial sporting
*c. invasive species
d. endemic species
e. habitat destruction
7. Currently, the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN)
does not monitor threats to ____.
a. vertebrates
b. plants
c. invertebrates
d. mammals
*e. bacteria
8. The most recent mass extinction on Earth ____.
a. happened 65 million years ago when dinosaurs became extinct
b. was 248 million years ago when Pangea formed
*c. is going on now and is due to human activities
d. happened 544 million years ago during a period of massive glaciation
e. occurred 360 million years ago, when 70% of marine groups were lost
9. What was the primary cause of the ‘Dust bowl’ in the United States during the 1930s?
a. deforestation on the southern Great Plains
b. acid rain that harmed a large portion of the southern Great Plains
c. overgrazing on natural grasslands
*d. plowing of natural grasslands exposed topsoil to wind
e. exotic species invading natural grasslands
10. What role does wind play in desertification?
a. Wind disperses seeds.
*b. Wind blows away topsoil.
c. Wind accelerates grass growth.
d. Wind damages mature grasses of grasslands.
e. Wind causes drought.
,11. Estimates of the number of currently living species range as high as 1 trillion, but the
number of those that have been described and named is only about ____.
a. 10 billion
b. 2 billion
c. 25 million
*d. 2 million
e. 200 thousand
12. The best way to prevent desertification is to avoid farming in areas subject to ____.
a. flooding
b. deforestation
c. exotic plant invasions
d. topsoil buildup
*e. high winds and periodic drought
13. When plowing or grazing removes plants and exposes topsoil to wind erosion, the result is
often ____
*a. desertification
b. acidification
c. deforestation
d. bioaccumulation
e. biological magnification
14. Flooding, landslides, soil nutrient loss, and global climate change all result from ____.
a. the introduction of exotic plants
b. fragmentation
*c. deforestation
d. ozone depletion
e. biological magnification
15. What happens when plant cover is removed from the ground?
a. The ground will be wetter because roots are no longer sucking up water.
*b. Less rain will fall because of reduced transpiration.
c. The ground soaks up more water after a rainfall.
d. More species will fill the habitat.
e. Lakes and rivers become larger.
16. In what region of the world are forests disappearing the fastest?
, a. East Asia
b. Europe
c. North America
*d. the tropics
e. the Arctic
17. Plastics that wash into the ocean cause problems mainly because they ____.
a. clog the gills of fish
*b. are eaten by marine animals
c. are unsightly
d. leach toxins
e. disturb water flow patterns
18. For conservation purposes, if the only known members of a species are in captivity, the
species is referred to as “____ in the wild”.
*a. extinct
b. extant
c. exotic
d. endemic
e. endangered
19. Four of the five answers are correct ways to reduce the impact of plastic trash. Select the
exception.
a. choose durable items over disposable ones.
b. recycle and reuse
c. avoid buying plastic products where alternatives exist
d. dispose of waste properly
*e. ask for plastic shopping bags instead of using your own bags
20. Four of these five choices are reasons to be concerned about increasing levels of UV
radiation reaching Earth. Select the exception.
a. gene mutations
b. skin cancers
*c. increased oxygen production
d. decline in atmospheric oxygen
e. decreased rate of photosynthesis
21. Four of these five choices are products that contain chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). Select the
exception.
