HESI A2 PRACTICE TEST QUESTIONS & VERIFIED ANSWERS APHY 101 STUDY
GUIDE (2026 A+ PREP)
Which of the following is NOT a function of the digestive b) to perform gas exchange
tract?
a) to use enzymes to break down food Gas exchange is a function of the respiratory system
b) to perform gas exchange
c) to remove waste from the body
d) to use peristalsis to move food alonga
The body, at all times, attempts to maintain homeostasis. a) a process that maintains the stability of the human body's internal environment in
The best definition of homeostasis is: response to changes in internal and external conditions
a) a process that maintains the stability of the human body's
internal environment in response to changes in internal and
external conditions
b) a function via which the body breaks down glucose to use
as energy
c) a process that maintains the immune system's defenses
d) a process in which the body resists change to genetic
structure
The endocrine system of the body is responsible for: b) communication through the use of hormones
a) defense through the use of antibodies
b) communication through the use of hormones
c) metabolism through the use of enzymes
d) blood flow through the use of the heart muscle
Anatomical position shows the body in a(n) c) anterior
position.
a) lateral
b) superior
c) anterior
d) posterior
Vitamin K is created in the: c) intestinal tract
a) liver
b) lungs
c) intestinal tract
d) pancreas
The largest organ in the body is the . a) skin
a) skin
b) GI tract
c) femur
d) stomach
A medical scientists wants to study the parenchyma of the d) histologist
kidney. This scientist would correctly be known, most
specifically, as a: Histology is the study of tissues.
a) biologist
b) doctor
c) anatomist
d) histologist
What is Erythropoiesis? a) red blood cell formation
a) red blood cell formation
b) white blood cell formation Blood cell formation is called Hemopoiesis.
c) the destruction of red blood cells Erythro- red blood cells
d) the destruction of white blood cells
In which part of the body is keratin NOT found? d) teeth
a) hair t
b) skin Keratin is a family of fibrous structural proteins. Keratin is the key structural componen
c) nails of hair, nails, and the outer layer of human skin
d) teeth
1/6
, What is the relationship between sarcomeres and muscle c) muscle cells contain myofibrils, which in turn are made up of sarcomeres
cells?
a) sarcomeres are muscle cells
b) sarcomeres contain muscle cells
c) muscle cells contain myofibrils, which in turn are made up
of sarcomeres
d) muscle cells contain sarcomeres, which in turn are made
up of myofibrils
A person who has torn their vastus lateralis muscle will need b) a cane or crutches
which of the following?
a) an arm sling The vastus lateralis muscle is a voluntary muscle in the legs. It is part of the quadriceps.
b) a cane or crutches
c) insulin
d) a neck brace
Muscles produce contraction due to the sliding of: a) filaments
a) filaments
b) sarcomeres During muscle contraction, filaments slide together by using energy supplied by ATP.
c) flexors
d) neutrons
The medulla oblongata has what primary responsibility? c) vital functions
a) balance
b) intellect The medulla oblongata is responsible for basic vital functions, including respiration an d
c) vital functions heart rate.
d) sensory input
Which of the following is true about simple reflexes? b) they travel only through the spinal cord
a) they travel through the entire body
b) they travel only through the spinal cord Simple reflexes, known also as spinal reflexes, travel only through the spinal cord, and
c) they travel only through the brain do not reach the brain.
d) they do not travel and remain localized
What is the primary role of estrogen in the female a) it initiates the preparation of the endometrium for pregnancy
reproductive system?
a) it initiates the preparation of the endometrium for
pregnancy
b) it triggers the release of the egg from the ovary
c) it causes fertilization
d) it triggers the production of breast milk
What is the name of the structure that transfers urine from the -ureters
kidneys to the bladder?
Humans can survive most easily without which of the c) gallbladder
following?
a) pancreas The gallbladder's function is to store bile, but the GI tract is more than capable of
b) lungs producing bile to digest fat without it.
c) gallbladder
d) bladder
Which of the following is NOT a role of cortisol? d) controlling motor impulses
a) reducing inflammation
b) raising the blood sugar level
c) inhibiting the release of histamine
d) controlling motor impulses
How many pairs of spinal nerves are known to exit the spinal -31
cord?
2/6
GUIDE (2026 A+ PREP)
Which of the following is NOT a function of the digestive b) to perform gas exchange
tract?
a) to use enzymes to break down food Gas exchange is a function of the respiratory system
b) to perform gas exchange
c) to remove waste from the body
d) to use peristalsis to move food alonga
The body, at all times, attempts to maintain homeostasis. a) a process that maintains the stability of the human body's internal environment in
The best definition of homeostasis is: response to changes in internal and external conditions
a) a process that maintains the stability of the human body's
internal environment in response to changes in internal and
external conditions
b) a function via which the body breaks down glucose to use
as energy
c) a process that maintains the immune system's defenses
d) a process in which the body resists change to genetic
structure
The endocrine system of the body is responsible for: b) communication through the use of hormones
a) defense through the use of antibodies
b) communication through the use of hormones
c) metabolism through the use of enzymes
d) blood flow through the use of the heart muscle
Anatomical position shows the body in a(n) c) anterior
position.
a) lateral
b) superior
c) anterior
d) posterior
Vitamin K is created in the: c) intestinal tract
a) liver
b) lungs
c) intestinal tract
d) pancreas
The largest organ in the body is the . a) skin
a) skin
b) GI tract
c) femur
d) stomach
A medical scientists wants to study the parenchyma of the d) histologist
kidney. This scientist would correctly be known, most
specifically, as a: Histology is the study of tissues.
a) biologist
b) doctor
c) anatomist
d) histologist
What is Erythropoiesis? a) red blood cell formation
a) red blood cell formation
b) white blood cell formation Blood cell formation is called Hemopoiesis.
c) the destruction of red blood cells Erythro- red blood cells
d) the destruction of white blood cells
In which part of the body is keratin NOT found? d) teeth
a) hair t
b) skin Keratin is a family of fibrous structural proteins. Keratin is the key structural componen
c) nails of hair, nails, and the outer layer of human skin
d) teeth
1/6
, What is the relationship between sarcomeres and muscle c) muscle cells contain myofibrils, which in turn are made up of sarcomeres
cells?
a) sarcomeres are muscle cells
b) sarcomeres contain muscle cells
c) muscle cells contain myofibrils, which in turn are made up
of sarcomeres
d) muscle cells contain sarcomeres, which in turn are made
up of myofibrils
A person who has torn their vastus lateralis muscle will need b) a cane or crutches
which of the following?
a) an arm sling The vastus lateralis muscle is a voluntary muscle in the legs. It is part of the quadriceps.
b) a cane or crutches
c) insulin
d) a neck brace
Muscles produce contraction due to the sliding of: a) filaments
a) filaments
b) sarcomeres During muscle contraction, filaments slide together by using energy supplied by ATP.
c) flexors
d) neutrons
The medulla oblongata has what primary responsibility? c) vital functions
a) balance
b) intellect The medulla oblongata is responsible for basic vital functions, including respiration an d
c) vital functions heart rate.
d) sensory input
Which of the following is true about simple reflexes? b) they travel only through the spinal cord
a) they travel through the entire body
b) they travel only through the spinal cord Simple reflexes, known also as spinal reflexes, travel only through the spinal cord, and
c) they travel only through the brain do not reach the brain.
d) they do not travel and remain localized
What is the primary role of estrogen in the female a) it initiates the preparation of the endometrium for pregnancy
reproductive system?
a) it initiates the preparation of the endometrium for
pregnancy
b) it triggers the release of the egg from the ovary
c) it causes fertilization
d) it triggers the production of breast milk
What is the name of the structure that transfers urine from the -ureters
kidneys to the bladder?
Humans can survive most easily without which of the c) gallbladder
following?
a) pancreas The gallbladder's function is to store bile, but the GI tract is more than capable of
b) lungs producing bile to digest fat without it.
c) gallbladder
d) bladder
Which of the following is NOT a role of cortisol? d) controlling motor impulses
a) reducing inflammation
b) raising the blood sugar level
c) inhibiting the release of histamine
d) controlling motor impulses
How many pairs of spinal nerves are known to exit the spinal -31
cord?
2/6
