Exam Questions and Answers |
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What do psychologists study? - ANSWER ✔✔• Biological
Foundations
• Mental Life
• Change
• Self and Others
• Potential and Dysfunction
,What is the scientific method and how is it applied to psychological
research? - ANSWER ✔✔The scientific method is the set of
assumptions, rules, and procedures scientists use to conduct research.
In addition to requiring that science is verifiable, the scientific method
demands that procedures are free of personal bias.
What is the definition of a hypothesis? - ANSWER ✔✔A specific and
falsifiable prediction about the relationship between two or more
variables.
What is an operational definition? Provide an example. - ANSWER
✔✔An operational definition refers to a precise statement of how a
conceptual variable ( abstract idea that form the basis of research
hypotheses ) which is turned into a measured variable ( varialbes
consisting of numbers that represent the conceptual variables )
(Conceptual Variable) Depression - (operational definition) Number of
negative words used in a creative story; number of appointments made
with a psychotherapist
Why are ethical guidelines needed within psychological research? -
ANSWER ✔✔These are needed with psychological research is the
prevent physical and/or emotional harm to the participants.
,What are the various research methods in the field of psychology? -
ANSWER ✔✔Descriptive Research
Correlational Research
Experimental Research
What is descriptive research? - ANSWER ✔✔research designed to
provide a snapshot of the current state of affairs.
What is Correlational Research - ANSWER ✔✔research designed to
discover relationships among variables and to allow the prediction of
future events from present knowledge.
What is Experimental Research - ANSWER ✔✔research in which
there is a random assignment of research participants into two groups.
This is followed by a manipulation of a given experience for one group
while the other is not manipulated. One group is the experimental group
that receives the manipulation. The other group is the control group that
does not. The two groups are then compared to determine the influence
of the manipulation.
What is the relationship between a population and a sample? -
ANSWER ✔✔The people chosen to participate in the research, called
a sample, are selected to be representative of all the people that the
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, researcher wishes to know about, called the population. "Sampling is the
process of selecting a representative group from the population under
study. The target population is the total group of individuals from which
the sample might be drawn. A sample is the group of people who take
part in the investigation. The people who take part are referred to as
"participants"."
Independent Variable - ANSWER ✔✔The variable in an experiment
that is manipulated or compared
Dependent Variable - ANSWER ✔✔The variable in an experiment
that is measured; the outcome of an experiment
Control Group - ANSWER ✔✔The group of subjects in an experiment
that does not receive the independent variable
Experimental Group - ANSWER ✔✔EXPERIMENTAL GROUP is the
group receiving the independent variable
What does a correlational research design examine? Provide an
example. - ANSWER ✔✔research designed to discover relationships
among variables and to allow the prediction of future events from
present knowledge.