Test Bank for Essentials of Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy, 4th Edition by Ellen Hillegass | ISBN 9780323340311 | Complete Chapters 1–22 | Latest Verified Questions, Answers & Comprehensive Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy Exam Prep Guide

Test Bank for Essentials of Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy, 4th Edition by
Ellen Hillegass | ISBN 9780323340311 | Complete Chapters 1–22 | Latest Verified
Questions, Answers & Comprehensive Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy Exam
Prep Guide

,HILLEGASS: ESSENTIALS OF CARDIOPULMONARY PHYSICAL
F F F F



THERAPY, 4TH EDITION
F F F




Chapter1:Anatomy ofthe Cardiovascularand Pulmonary Systems Test s s s s s s




s Bank

MULTIPLECHOICE

1. Whichofthe following chest wallstructures is located level with thesecond costal cartilage
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s


anteriorly and thoracic vertebra T4 and T5 posteriorly?
s s s s s s s s


A. Sternal angle s


B. Jugular notch s


C. Xiphoidprocess s


D. Third costal cartilage s s




ANS: A s s


Thesternal angle of the “angle of Louis” is level with the second costal cartilage anteriorlyand
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s


thoracic vertebrae T4 and T5 posteriorly.
s s s s s s




PTS: 1

2. Pectus excuvatum is BESTdescribed as:
s s s s


A. Deformity of the sternum caused bytrauma s s s s s s


B. Caved-in appearance of the chest s s s s


C. Diminishedrib angle anteriorly s s s


D. Conical shape of the thoracic cage s s s s s




ANS: B s s


Pectus excuvatum is a common congenital deformity of the anterior wall of the chest, in which
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s


several ribs and the sternum grow abnormally; it produces a caved-in or sunken appearance of
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s


the chest.
s s




PTS: 1

3. Thetrue ribs are BESTdefined by which of the following statements?
s s s s s s s s s s s


A. Vertebrochondral ribs s


B. Vertebrosternalribs
C. Ribs 11 and 12 s s s


D. Ribs 8, 9, and 10 s s s s




ANS: B s s


The first seven ribs attach via their costal cartilages to the sternum and are called the true ribs (also
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s


known as the vertebrosternal ribs).
s s s s s




PTS: 1




Copyright ©2011, 2001, 1994 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
s s s s s s s s s s

, TestBank s 1-2



4. Whichof the following interventions is MOSTappropriate for a patient with lower rib fractures?
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s


A. Short,shallow breaths s s


B. Pursed lip breathing s s


C. Deep breaths with splinting s s s


D. Breathing with arms raised s s s




ANS: C s s


It is important forall therapiststo recommend breathing (deep breathing), splinting (i.e., pillow),
s s s s s s s s s s s s s


sand coughing strategies for patients with rib fractures.
s s s s s s s




PTS: 1

5. Which of the following positions facilitates greater excursion of both hemidiaphragms at rest?
s s s s s s s s s s s s


A. Supineposition s


B. Sidelying position s


C. Standingposition s


D. Sittingposition s




ANS: A s s


In the supineposition, without the effects of gravity, thelevel ofthediaphragmin thethoracic cavity
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s


srises. This allows for a relatively greater excursion.
s s s s s s s




PTS: 1

6. Whichof the following muscles help to achieve the active process of inspiration at rest?
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s


A. Sternocleidomastoid
B. Diaphragm
C. Abdominalmuscles s


D. Trapezius
ANS: B s s


Thediaphragm and internal intercostals (intercartilaginous portion) arethe essential muscles to
s s s s s s s s s s s


achieve the active process of inspiration at rest.Abdominal muscles assist with expiration.The
s s s s s s s s s s s s s


sternocleidomastoid and trapezius are accessory muscles and assist with a more forceful
s s s s s s s s s s s s


inspiration.
s




PTS: 1

7. Which of the following accessorymuscles of ventilation function to elevate and fix the first and
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s


second ribs?
s s


A. Sternocleidomastoidmuscle
B. Serratus anterior s


C. Latissimus dorsi s


D. Scalenemuscle
ANS: D
s




Copyright ©2011, 2001, 1994 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
s s s s s s s s s s

, TestBanks 1-3

The scalene muscles lie deep to the sternocleidomastoid, but may be palpated in the posterior
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s


triangle of theneck.These muscles function as a unit to elevate and fix the first and second ribs. The
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s


sternocleidomastoid muscle elevates the sternum.
s s s s s




PTS: 1

8. When the arms and shoulders are fixed, byleaning on the elbows or grasping onto atable, this
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s


muscle can use its insertion as its origin and facilitate an increase in theA-P diameter of the
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s


thorax.
s


A. Upper trapezius s


B. Pectoralis major s


C. Sternocleidomastoid
D. Serratus anterior s




ANS: B s s


When the insertion and origin of the pectoralis muscle are reversed by leaning on a table to fix
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s


the arms, the muscle will pull on the anterior chest wall, lifting the ribs and sternum to increase
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s


the A-P diameter of the thoracic cage.
s s s s s s s




PTS: 1
9. Theserous fluid within thepleural space serves to provide which of the following functions?
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s


A. Create a constant negative pressure s s s s


B. Assistwith venous return ofblood to the heart
s s s s s s s s


C. Reduce friction between the lungs and thoracic wall
s s s s s s s


D. Serve to allow separation of the pleural layers
s s s s s s s




ANS: C s s


The serous fluid within the pleural space serves to hold the pleural layers together during
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s


ventilation and reducefriction between the lungs and the thoracic wall.Thespace creates the
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s


negative pressure to maintain lung inflation, not the fluid itself.
s s s s s s s s s s




PTS: 1
10. Irritation of the phrenic supplied pleura results in which of the following pain referral patterns?
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s


A. Thoracic wall s


B. Abdominalwall
C. Mediasternalregion
D. Lower neck and shoulder s s s




ANS: D s s


Irritation of the phrenic supplied pleura can result in referred pain in the lower neck and shoulder,
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s


swhereas, irritation oftheintercostallyinnervated pleura mayresult inreferral ofpain to the thoracic or
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s


sabdominal wall. s




PTS: 1

11. An abnormal pleural friction rub on auscultation BESTindicates which of the following?
s s s s s s s s s s s


A. Infection with a resultant inflammatory response within the pleura
s s s s s s s s




Copyright ©2011, 2001, 1994 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
s s s s s s s s s s