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# NBRC TMC/CRT/RRT EXAM REVIEW TEST
BANK## 100% VERIFIED SOLUTIONS | 2026/2027
EDITION### THERAPIST MULTIPLE CHOICE
(TMC) | CERTIFIED RESPIRATORY THERAPIST
(CRT) | REGISTERED RESPIRATORY THERAPIST
(RRT)### HIGH-YIELD CONTENT | GRADED A+ |
FIRST TIME PASS
## Table of Contents
1. **Patient Assessment & Diagnostic Evaluation** (25 questions)
2. **Respiratory Diseases & Conditions** (20 questions)
3. **Pulmonary Function Testing (PFT)** (10 questions)
4. **Arterial Blood Gases (ABG) & Acid-Base Balance** (20 questions)
5. **Mechanical Ventilation** (30 questions)
6. **Airway Management** (15 questions)
7. **Pharmacology for Respiratory Care** (15 questions)
8. **Oxygen & Aerosol Therapy** (10 questions)
9. **Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) & Emergency Care** (10 questions)
10. **Infection Control & Equipment Processing** (10 questions)
11. **Neonatal & Pediatric Respiratory Care** (15 questions)
12. **Hemodynamics & Special Procedures** (10 questions)
13. **Sleep Medicine & Home Care** (5 questions)
14. **Final Comprehensive Review (Clinical Simulation Style)** (20 questions)
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## Section 1: Patient Assessment & Diagnostic Evaluation (25
Questions)
**1.** A 65-year-old male with COPD is admitted with increased
dyspnea. Which finding is most indicative of impending respiratory
failure?
A. Heart rate 90 bpm
B. Respiratory rate 28 breaths/min
C. Use of accessory muscles and paradoxical abdominal breathing
D. Oxygen saturation 90% on room air
**Correct Answer: C**
*Rationale:* Paradoxical abdominal breathing (abdominal wall moves
inward during inspiration) indicates diaphragmatic fatigue and
impending respiratory failure. Accessory muscle use alone is common in
COPD, but paradoxical motion is a late, ominous sign of impending
respiratory arrest.
---
**2.** During auscultation, you hear high-pitched, musical sounds
primarily during expiration. This finding is most consistent with:
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A. Pulmonary edema
B. Bronchospasm (wheezing)
C. Pleural effusion
D. Atelectasis
**Correct Answer: B**
*Rationale:* Wheezing is a high-pitched musical sound caused by
airflow through narrowed airways, typically heard during expiration in
bronchospasm (asthma, COPD). Pulmonary edema causes crackles;
pleural effusion causes diminished breath sounds.
---
**3.** A patient presents with crackles that are fine, high-pitched, and
heard at end-inspiration. This is most consistent with:
A. Pneumonia
B. Pulmonary fibrosis (interstitial lung disease)
C. COPD
D. Asthma
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**Correct Answer: B**
*Rationale:* Fine, late-inspiratory crackles (Velcro crackles) are
characteristic of restrictive lung diseases such as pulmonary fibrosis and
interstitial lung disease. Coarse crackles are heard in pneumonia and
bronchitis.
---
**4.** Which breath sound is most commonly heard in a patient with
pleural effusion?
A. Bronchial breath sounds
B. Diminished or absent breath sounds over the effusion
C. Wheezing
D. Stridor
**Correct Answer: B**
*Rationale:* Pleural effusion causes diminished or absent breath sounds
due to fluid separating the lung from the chest wall. Egophony (E-to-A
change) may be heard at the fluid-air interface.
---
# NBRC TMC/CRT/RRT EXAM REVIEW TEST
BANK## 100% VERIFIED SOLUTIONS | 2026/2027
EDITION### THERAPIST MULTIPLE CHOICE
(TMC) | CERTIFIED RESPIRATORY THERAPIST
(CRT) | REGISTERED RESPIRATORY THERAPIST
(RRT)### HIGH-YIELD CONTENT | GRADED A+ |
FIRST TIME PASS
## Table of Contents
1. **Patient Assessment & Diagnostic Evaluation** (25 questions)
2. **Respiratory Diseases & Conditions** (20 questions)
3. **Pulmonary Function Testing (PFT)** (10 questions)
4. **Arterial Blood Gases (ABG) & Acid-Base Balance** (20 questions)
5. **Mechanical Ventilation** (30 questions)
6. **Airway Management** (15 questions)
7. **Pharmacology for Respiratory Care** (15 questions)
8. **Oxygen & Aerosol Therapy** (10 questions)
9. **Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) & Emergency Care** (10 questions)
10. **Infection Control & Equipment Processing** (10 questions)
11. **Neonatal & Pediatric Respiratory Care** (15 questions)
12. **Hemodynamics & Special Procedures** (10 questions)
13. **Sleep Medicine & Home Care** (5 questions)
14. **Final Comprehensive Review (Clinical Simulation Style)** (20 questions)
,2|Page
## Section 1: Patient Assessment & Diagnostic Evaluation (25
Questions)
**1.** A 65-year-old male with COPD is admitted with increased
dyspnea. Which finding is most indicative of impending respiratory
failure?
A. Heart rate 90 bpm
B. Respiratory rate 28 breaths/min
C. Use of accessory muscles and paradoxical abdominal breathing
D. Oxygen saturation 90% on room air
**Correct Answer: C**
*Rationale:* Paradoxical abdominal breathing (abdominal wall moves
inward during inspiration) indicates diaphragmatic fatigue and
impending respiratory failure. Accessory muscle use alone is common in
COPD, but paradoxical motion is a late, ominous sign of impending
respiratory arrest.
---
**2.** During auscultation, you hear high-pitched, musical sounds
primarily during expiration. This finding is most consistent with:
,3|Page
A. Pulmonary edema
B. Bronchospasm (wheezing)
C. Pleural effusion
D. Atelectasis
**Correct Answer: B**
*Rationale:* Wheezing is a high-pitched musical sound caused by
airflow through narrowed airways, typically heard during expiration in
bronchospasm (asthma, COPD). Pulmonary edema causes crackles;
pleural effusion causes diminished breath sounds.
---
**3.** A patient presents with crackles that are fine, high-pitched, and
heard at end-inspiration. This is most consistent with:
A. Pneumonia
B. Pulmonary fibrosis (interstitial lung disease)
C. COPD
D. Asthma
, 4|Page
**Correct Answer: B**
*Rationale:* Fine, late-inspiratory crackles (Velcro crackles) are
characteristic of restrictive lung diseases such as pulmonary fibrosis and
interstitial lung disease. Coarse crackles are heard in pneumonia and
bronchitis.
---
**4.** Which breath sound is most commonly heard in a patient with
pleural effusion?
A. Bronchial breath sounds
B. Diminished or absent breath sounds over the effusion
C. Wheezing
D. Stridor
**Correct Answer: B**
*Rationale:* Pleural effusion causes diminished or absent breath sounds
due to fluid separating the lung from the chest wall. Egophony (E-to-A
change) may be heard at the fluid-air interface.
---
