Test Bank For Pharmacology Clear and Simple:
b b b b b b b
A Guide to Drug Classifications and Dosage Calculations,
b b b b b b b b
4th Edition by Cynthia J. Watkins
b b b b b b
Chapters 1 - 21
b b b b
,
,prepared by stevesalvardo
b b
for any inquiry and further request e
b b b b b b
mail:
Chapterb1.bHistorybofb Pharmacology
PharmacologybClearbandbSimple-
bAbGuidebtobDrugbClassificationsbandbDosagebCalculationsb4thb
EditionbWatkinsbTestbBank
1. Abnurseb workingb inbradiologybadministersb iodineb tobab patientb whobisb havingb abcomputedbt
omographyb(CT)b scan.b Theb nurseb workingbonb theb oncologybunitbadministersbchemothera
pybtob patientsb whob haveb cancer.b Atb theb Publicb HealthbDepartment,b ab nursebadministersb a
b measles-mumps-rubellab (MMR)b vaccinebtobab 14-month-
oldbchildbasbabroutinebimmunization.bWhichbbranchbofbpharmacologybbestbdescribesbtheba
ctionsbofballbthreebnurses?
A) Pharmacoeconomics
B) Pharmacotherapeutics
C) Pharmacodynamics
D) Pharmacokinetics
ANSWER: B
Feedback:
Pharmacologybisbtheb studybofbtheb biologicbeffectsbofb chemicals.b Nursesbarebinvolvedbwit
hb clinicalb pharmacologyborb pharmacotherapeutics,b whichb isbabbranchbofbpharmacologybt
hatb dealsbwithb theb usesbofb drugsbtobtreat,b prevent,bandbdiagnoseb disease.bTheb radiologybnu
rseb isbadministeringbab drugbtobhelpbdiagnoseb ab disease.b Theb oncologybnurseb isbadminister
ingb ab drugbtob helpb treatbab disease.b Pharmacoeconomicsb includesb anybcostsb involvedb inb d
rugb therapy.bPharmacodynamicsbinvolvesbhowbabdrugbaffectsbthebbodybandbpharmacokin
eticsbisbhowbthebbodybactsbonbthebbody.
2.
Abphysicianbhasborderedbintramuscularb(IM)binjectionsbofbmorphine,babnarc
otic,beveryb4bhoursbasbneededbforbpainbinbabmotorbvehiclebaccidentbvictim.b Th
eb nurseb isbawareb thisbdrugb hasbab highbabuseb potential.bUnderb whatbcategorybw
ouldbmorphinebbebclassified?
A) SchedulebI
B) SchedulebII
C) SchedulebIII
,D) SchedulebIV
ANSWER: B
, Feedback:
NarcoticsbwithbabhighbabusebpotentialbarebclassifiedbasbSchedulebIIbdrugsbbecau
sebofb severeb dependencebliability.b Scheduleb Ibdrugsbhavebhighb abusebpotentialb
andb nobacceptedb medicalb use.b Scheduleb IIIb drugsb haveb ab lesserbabuseb potential
b thanb IIb andb anb acceptedb medicalb use.b Scheduleb IVb drugsb haveblowbabuse bpoten
tialbandblimitedbdependencebliability.
3.
Whenb involvedb inb phaseb IIIb drugb evaluationb studies,b whatb responsibiliti
esbwouldbthebnursebhave?
A) Workingbwithb animalsb whob areb givenb experimentalb drugs
B) Choosingb appropriateb patientsb tobbeb involvedb inb theb drugbstudy
C) Monitoringb andb observingbpatientsb closelyb forb adverseb effects
D) Conductingb researchb tob determineb effectivenessb ofb theb drug
ANSWER: C
Feedback:
Phaseb IIIb studiesbinvolveb usebofbab drugbinb ab vastb clinicalb populationbinbwhichbp
atientsbareb askedb tob recordb anybsymptomsb theybexperienceb whileb takingb thebdru
gs.bNursesbmaybbebresponsiblebforbhelpingbcollectbandbanalyzebthebinformation
b tob be b sharedb withb theb Foodb andb Drugb Administrationb (FDA)b butbwouldb notb co
nductb researchb independentlybbecauseb nursesb dob notb prescribebmedications.b U
seb ofbanimalsb inbdrugbtestingbisb donebinbtheb preclinicalb trials.bSelectb patientsbw
hobarebinvolvedbinbphaseb IIb studiesbtobparticipatebinbstudiesbwherebtheb participa
ntsb havebtheb diseaseb thebdrugbisbintendedbtobtreat.b Thesebpatientsbarebmonitored
b closelyb for b drugb actionb andb adverseb effects.b Phaseb Ibstudiesb involveb healthybh
umanbvolunteersbwhobareb usuallybpaidbforb theirbparticipation.bNursesbmaybobse
rveb forbadversebeffectsbandbtoxicity.
4.
Whatb conceptb isbconsideredb whenb genericb drugsb areb substitutedb forb bran
dbnamebdrugs?
A) Bioavailability
B) Criticalb concentration
C) Distribution
D) Half-life
ANSWER: A
Feedback:
, Bioavailabilitybisbthebportionbofbabdosebofbabdrugbthatbreachesbthebsystemicbcirc
ulationbandbisbavailablebtobactb onbbodybcells.b Bindersbusedbinbab genericbdrugbm
aybnotb beb theb samebasbthosebusedbinbtheb brandbnameb drug.bTherefore,bthebwaybt
heb bodybbreaksbdownbandb usesbthebdrugbmaybdiffer,b whichbmaybeliminateb ab ge
nericb drugbsubstitution.b Criticalb concentrationb isb theb amountb ofbabdrugbthatbisbn
eededbtobcausebabtherapeuticbeffectbandbshouldbnotbdifferbbetweenbgenericb andb
brandbnamebmedications.b Distributionbisbtheb phaseb ofbpharmacokinetics,bwhic
hbinvolvesbthebmovementb ofbabdrugbtobthebbodysbtissuesbandb isbtheb sameb inbgen
ericb andbbrandb nameb drugs.bAbdrugsb half-
lifeb isbthebtimebitbtakesbforbthebamountbofbdrugbtobdecreasebtobhalfbthebpeakblevel
,bwhichbshouldbnotbchangebwhenbsubstitutingbabgenericbmedication.
5.
Ab nurseb isb assessingb theb patientsb homebmedicationb use.b Afterb listeningb tob th
ebpatientblistbcurrentbmedications,bthebnursebasksbwhatbprioritybquestion?
A) Dob youb takeb anyb genericb medications?
B) Areb anybofbtheseb medicationsb orphanb drugs?
C) Areb thesebmedicationsb safeb tob takeb duringbpregnancy?
D) Dob youb takeb anyb over-the-counterb medications?
ANSWER: D
Feedback:
Itbisbimportantbforbtheb nurseb tobspecificallybquestionb useb ofbover-the-
counterbmedicationsb becauseb patientsb maybnotb considerb themb important.b Theb
patientbisbunlikelybtob knowbthebmeaningbofborphanb drugsbunlessb theybtoob areb h
ealthbcarebproviders.bSafetybduringbpregnancy,buseb ofbab genericbmedication,borb
classificationbofborphanbdrugsbarebthingsbthebpatientbwouldbbebunablebtobanswe
rbbutb couldb beb foundb inbreferenceb booksb ifbtheb nurseb wishesbtobresearchbthem.
6.
Afterb completingb ab coursebonb pharmacologyb forb nurses,b whatb willb theb nurs
ebknow?
A) Everythingb necessaryb forb safeb andb effectiveb medicationb administration
B)
Currentb pharmacologicb therapy;b theb nurseb willb notb requireb on
goingbeducationbforb5byears.
C)
Generalb drugbinformation;bthebnurseb canbconsultb abdrugb guideb forb sp
ecificbdrugbinformation.
D)
Thebdrugb actionsb thatb areb associatedb withb eachbclassificati
onb ofbmedication
ANSWER: C
Feedback:
, Afterbcompletingbabpharmacologybcoursebnursesbwillbhavebgeneralbdrugbinfor
mationb neededb forb safeb andb effectiveb medicationb administrationb butb willbneedbt
obconsultbabdrugbguideb forbspecificbdrugbinformationbbeforebadministeringb anyb
medication.b Pharmacologybisb constantlybchanging,b withbnewbdrugsbenteringbth
ebmarketbandbnewbusesb forbexistingbdrugsbidentified.
Continuingbeducationb inbpharmacologybisb essentialb tob safeb practice.b Nursesbten
db tob becomeb familiarb withb theb medicationsb theybadministerb mostb often,b butbther
ebwillb alwaysbbeb ab needbtob researchb newbdrugsbandbalsobthosebthebnursebisbnotbf
amiliarbwithbbecausebnobnursebknowsballbmedications.
7.
Abnursebisbinstructingbabpregnantbpatientbconcerningbthebpotentialbriskbtobherb
fetusbfrombabPregnancybCategorybBbdrug.bWhatbwouldbthebnursebinformbthebpa
tient?
A)
Adequateb studiesb inbpregnantb womenb haveb demonstratedb thereb isb n
ob riskbtobthebfetus.
B)
Animalb studiesbhaveb notb demonstratedb abriskb tobtheb fetus,b butbthere
b havebbeenbnobadequatebstudiesbinbpregnantbwomen.
C)
Animalb studiesbhaveb shownbanbadverseb effectb onbthebfetus,b butbthe
rebarebnobadequatebstudiesbinbpregnantbwomen.
D)
Thereb isbevidenceb ofbhumanb fetalbrisk,bbutbthebpotentialb benefitsbfro
mbusebofbthebdrugbmaybbebacceptablebdespitebpotentialbrisks.
ANSWER: B
Feedback:
CategorybBb indicatesb thatb animalb studiesb haveb notb demonstratedbab riskb tobthebf
etus.b However,b thereb haveb notbbeenbadequateb studiesb inbpregnantbwomenb tobd
emonstratebriskbtobab fetusbduringbthebfirstbtrimesterbofbpregnancybandbnobevide
ncebofbriskbinblaterbtrimesters.bCategorybAbindicatesbthatbadequatebstudiesbinbpr
egnantbwomenbhavebnotb demonstratedbabriskbtobtheb fetusbinbthebfirstbtrimesterb
orbinblaterb trimesters.b CategorybCb indicatesb thatbanimalb studiesbhavebshownbanb
adversebeffectbonbtheb fetus,bbutbnobadequatebstudiesbinbhumans.b Categoryb Db re
vealsb evidenceb ofbhumanb fetalb risk,b butbtheb potentialbbenefitsbfrombthebusebofbt
hebdrugsbinbpregnantbwomenbmayboutweighbpotentialbrisks.
8.
Dischargebplanningbforbpatientsbleavingbthebhospitalbshouldbincludebinstructi
onsb onb theb useb ofb over-the-
counterb (OTC)b drugs.b Whichb commentb bybthebpatientbwouldbdemonstratebabgo
odbunderstandingbofbOTCb drugs?
A) OTCbdrugsbarebsafeb andbdobnotbcauseb adversebeffectsbifbtakenb properly.
,B)
OTCbdrugsbhaveb beenbaroundb forb yearsbandbhaveb notb beenbtestedb
bybthebFoodbandbDrugbAdministrationb(FDA).
,C)
OTCb drugsb areb differentb fromb anybdrugsb availableb bybprescriptio
nb andbcostbless.
D) OTCb drugsb couldbcauseb seriousb harmb ifbnotb takenbaccordingb tob directions.
ANSWER: D
Feedback:
Itb isb importantb tob followb packageb directionsb becauseb OTCsb areb medicationsbt
hatbcanbcauseb seriousbharmb ifbnotb takenbproperly.b OTCsb areb drugsb thatb havebb
eenbdeterminedbtobbeb safeb whenbtakenb asbdirected;bhowever,b allb drugsbcanbpr
oducebadversebeffectsbevenbwhenbtakenbproperly.bTheybmaybhaveboriginallybb
eenb prescriptionb drugsb thatb wereb testedb bybtheb FDAb orb theybmaybhavebbeenb gr
andfatheredb inbwhenb theb FDAblawsbchanged.b OTCbeducationbshouldbalwaysb
beb includedbasbab partbofbtheb hospitalb dischargebinstructions.
9. Whatbwouldb beb theb bestb sourcebofbdrugbinformationbforbab nurse?
A) Drugb Factsb andb Comparisons
B) Abnursesb drugb guide
C) Abdrugbpackageb insert
D) Theb Physiciansb Drugb Referenceb (PDR)
ANSWER: B
Feedback:
Abnursesbdrugb guideb providesbnursingbimplicationsb andbpatientb teachingbpoint
sbthatbarebmostbusefulbtobnursesbinbadditionbtobneed-to-
knowbdrugbinformationb inb ab veryb userb friendlyborganizationalb style.Lippincott
sb NursingbDrugb Guideb (LNDG)bhasb drugbmonographsborganizedb alphabeticall
ybandbincludesb nursingb implicationsb andb patientb teachingb points.b Numerousb ot
herbdrugbhandbooksbareb alsob onb thebmarketb andbreadilybavailableb forbnursesbto
buse.b Althoughbotherbdrugbreferenceb booksbsuchbasbDrugb Factsb andbComparis
ons,b PDR,b andb drugb packageb insertsb canb allb provideb essentialb drugbinformatio
n,b theybwillb notb containb nursingb implicationsb andb teachingb pointsbandbcanbbeb
morebdifficultbtobusebthanbnursesbdrugbguides.
10.
Thebnurseb isb preparingb tob administerb ab medicationb fromb abmultidoseb bottle.
Theblabelb isbtornb andbsoiledb butb theb nameb ofbthebmedicationbisbstillbreadable.b
b
Whatbisbthebnursesbprioritybaction?
A) Discardb theb entireb bottleb andbcontentsbandbobtainb abnewbbottle.
B) Findbtheb drugbinformationbandbcreateb ab newblabelb forb theb bottle.
C) Askbanotherb nursebtob verifybtheb contentsb ofbtheb bottle.
D) Administerb theb medicationb ifbtheb nameb ofbtheb drugbcanbbebclearlybread.
, ANSWER: A
Feedback:
Whenbtheb drugblabelb isbsoiledbobscuringbsomeb informationb theb safestb actionbb
ybtheb nurseb isb tobdiscardbtheb bottleb andb contentsb becauseb drugblabelsb containbab
greatbdealbofbimportantbinformation,bfarbmorebthanbjustbthebnamebofbthebdrug.b
Concentrationb ofb theb drug,b expirationb date,b administrationb directions,bandbpre
cautionsb maybbeb missingb frombtheb labelb andbsobputb theb patientb atb risk.bLooking
b upb drugb informationb inb ab drugb handbookb orb consultingb withb anotherbnurseb wil
lb notb supplybtheb expirationb dateb orbconcentrationb ofb medication.b Bebsafebandbd
iscardbthebbottlebandbitsbcontents.
11. Whatb aspectb ofbpharmacologyb doesb ab nursebstudy?b (Selectb allbthatbapply.)
A) Chemicalb pharmacology
B) Molecularb pharmacology
C) Impactbofbdrugsbonb theb body
D) Thebbodysbresponseb tobabdrug
E) Adverseb andb anticipatedb drugbeffects
ANSWER: C,bD,bE
Feedback:
Nursesbstudybpharmacologyb frombabpharmacotherapeuticblevel,bwhichbinclude
sbthebeffectb ofbdrugsbonbtheb body,b thebbodysbresponseb tobdrugs,bandbbothbexpec
tedbandbunexpectedbdrugbeffects.bChemicalbandbmolecularbpharmacologyb (Opt
ionsb Ab andb B)b areb notb includedb inb nursingb pharmacologybcourses.
12.
Theb nurse,bprovidingb patientb teachingb aboutb homebmedicationb useb tob anb old
erbadult,bexplainsbthatb evenbwhenb drugsbareb takenbproperlybtheybcanb producebne
gativeb orb unexpectedb effects.b Whatb areb theseb negativeb orb unexpectedbeffectsbc
alled?
A) Teratogenicb effects
B) Toxicb effects
C) Adversebeffects
D) Therapeuticb effects
ANSWER: C
Feedback:
b b b b b b b
A Guide to Drug Classifications and Dosage Calculations,
b b b b b b b b
4th Edition by Cynthia J. Watkins
b b b b b b
Chapters 1 - 21
b b b b
,
,prepared by stevesalvardo
b b
for any inquiry and further request e
b b b b b b
mail:
Chapterb1.bHistorybofb Pharmacology
PharmacologybClearbandbSimple-
bAbGuidebtobDrugbClassificationsbandbDosagebCalculationsb4thb
EditionbWatkinsbTestbBank
1. Abnurseb workingb inbradiologybadministersb iodineb tobab patientb whobisb havingb abcomputedbt
omographyb(CT)b scan.b Theb nurseb workingbonb theb oncologybunitbadministersbchemothera
pybtob patientsb whob haveb cancer.b Atb theb Publicb HealthbDepartment,b ab nursebadministersb a
b measles-mumps-rubellab (MMR)b vaccinebtobab 14-month-
oldbchildbasbabroutinebimmunization.bWhichbbranchbofbpharmacologybbestbdescribesbtheba
ctionsbofballbthreebnurses?
A) Pharmacoeconomics
B) Pharmacotherapeutics
C) Pharmacodynamics
D) Pharmacokinetics
ANSWER: B
Feedback:
Pharmacologybisbtheb studybofbtheb biologicbeffectsbofb chemicals.b Nursesbarebinvolvedbwit
hb clinicalb pharmacologyborb pharmacotherapeutics,b whichb isbabbranchbofbpharmacologybt
hatb dealsbwithb theb usesbofb drugsbtobtreat,b prevent,bandbdiagnoseb disease.bTheb radiologybnu
rseb isbadministeringbab drugbtobhelpbdiagnoseb ab disease.b Theb oncologybnurseb isbadminister
ingb ab drugbtob helpb treatbab disease.b Pharmacoeconomicsb includesb anybcostsb involvedb inb d
rugb therapy.bPharmacodynamicsbinvolvesbhowbabdrugbaffectsbthebbodybandbpharmacokin
eticsbisbhowbthebbodybactsbonbthebbody.
2.
Abphysicianbhasborderedbintramuscularb(IM)binjectionsbofbmorphine,babnarc
otic,beveryb4bhoursbasbneededbforbpainbinbabmotorbvehiclebaccidentbvictim.b Th
eb nurseb isbawareb thisbdrugb hasbab highbabuseb potential.bUnderb whatbcategorybw
ouldbmorphinebbebclassified?
A) SchedulebI
B) SchedulebII
C) SchedulebIII
,D) SchedulebIV
ANSWER: B
, Feedback:
NarcoticsbwithbabhighbabusebpotentialbarebclassifiedbasbSchedulebIIbdrugsbbecau
sebofb severeb dependencebliability.b Scheduleb Ibdrugsbhavebhighb abusebpotentialb
andb nobacceptedb medicalb use.b Scheduleb IIIb drugsb haveb ab lesserbabuseb potential
b thanb IIb andb anb acceptedb medicalb use.b Scheduleb IVb drugsb haveblowbabuse bpoten
tialbandblimitedbdependencebliability.
3.
Whenb involvedb inb phaseb IIIb drugb evaluationb studies,b whatb responsibiliti
esbwouldbthebnursebhave?
A) Workingbwithb animalsb whob areb givenb experimentalb drugs
B) Choosingb appropriateb patientsb tobbeb involvedb inb theb drugbstudy
C) Monitoringb andb observingbpatientsb closelyb forb adverseb effects
D) Conductingb researchb tob determineb effectivenessb ofb theb drug
ANSWER: C
Feedback:
Phaseb IIIb studiesbinvolveb usebofbab drugbinb ab vastb clinicalb populationbinbwhichbp
atientsbareb askedb tob recordb anybsymptomsb theybexperienceb whileb takingb thebdru
gs.bNursesbmaybbebresponsiblebforbhelpingbcollectbandbanalyzebthebinformation
b tob be b sharedb withb theb Foodb andb Drugb Administrationb (FDA)b butbwouldb notb co
nductb researchb independentlybbecauseb nursesb dob notb prescribebmedications.b U
seb ofbanimalsb inbdrugbtestingbisb donebinbtheb preclinicalb trials.bSelectb patientsbw
hobarebinvolvedbinbphaseb IIb studiesbtobparticipatebinbstudiesbwherebtheb participa
ntsb havebtheb diseaseb thebdrugbisbintendedbtobtreat.b Thesebpatientsbarebmonitored
b closelyb for b drugb actionb andb adverseb effects.b Phaseb Ibstudiesb involveb healthybh
umanbvolunteersbwhobareb usuallybpaidbforb theirbparticipation.bNursesbmaybobse
rveb forbadversebeffectsbandbtoxicity.
4.
Whatb conceptb isbconsideredb whenb genericb drugsb areb substitutedb forb bran
dbnamebdrugs?
A) Bioavailability
B) Criticalb concentration
C) Distribution
D) Half-life
ANSWER: A
Feedback:
, Bioavailabilitybisbthebportionbofbabdosebofbabdrugbthatbreachesbthebsystemicbcirc
ulationbandbisbavailablebtobactb onbbodybcells.b Bindersbusedbinbab genericbdrugbm
aybnotb beb theb samebasbthosebusedbinbtheb brandbnameb drug.bTherefore,bthebwaybt
heb bodybbreaksbdownbandb usesbthebdrugbmaybdiffer,b whichbmaybeliminateb ab ge
nericb drugbsubstitution.b Criticalb concentrationb isb theb amountb ofbabdrugbthatbisbn
eededbtobcausebabtherapeuticbeffectbandbshouldbnotbdifferbbetweenbgenericb andb
brandbnamebmedications.b Distributionbisbtheb phaseb ofbpharmacokinetics,bwhic
hbinvolvesbthebmovementb ofbabdrugbtobthebbodysbtissuesbandb isbtheb sameb inbgen
ericb andbbrandb nameb drugs.bAbdrugsb half-
lifeb isbthebtimebitbtakesbforbthebamountbofbdrugbtobdecreasebtobhalfbthebpeakblevel
,bwhichbshouldbnotbchangebwhenbsubstitutingbabgenericbmedication.
5.
Ab nurseb isb assessingb theb patientsb homebmedicationb use.b Afterb listeningb tob th
ebpatientblistbcurrentbmedications,bthebnursebasksbwhatbprioritybquestion?
A) Dob youb takeb anyb genericb medications?
B) Areb anybofbtheseb medicationsb orphanb drugs?
C) Areb thesebmedicationsb safeb tob takeb duringbpregnancy?
D) Dob youb takeb anyb over-the-counterb medications?
ANSWER: D
Feedback:
Itbisbimportantbforbtheb nurseb tobspecificallybquestionb useb ofbover-the-
counterbmedicationsb becauseb patientsb maybnotb considerb themb important.b Theb
patientbisbunlikelybtob knowbthebmeaningbofborphanb drugsbunlessb theybtoob areb h
ealthbcarebproviders.bSafetybduringbpregnancy,buseb ofbab genericbmedication,borb
classificationbofborphanbdrugsbarebthingsbthebpatientbwouldbbebunablebtobanswe
rbbutb couldb beb foundb inbreferenceb booksb ifbtheb nurseb wishesbtobresearchbthem.
6.
Afterb completingb ab coursebonb pharmacologyb forb nurses,b whatb willb theb nurs
ebknow?
A) Everythingb necessaryb forb safeb andb effectiveb medicationb administration
B)
Currentb pharmacologicb therapy;b theb nurseb willb notb requireb on
goingbeducationbforb5byears.
C)
Generalb drugbinformation;bthebnurseb canbconsultb abdrugb guideb forb sp
ecificbdrugbinformation.
D)
Thebdrugb actionsb thatb areb associatedb withb eachbclassificati
onb ofbmedication
ANSWER: C
Feedback:
, Afterbcompletingbabpharmacologybcoursebnursesbwillbhavebgeneralbdrugbinfor
mationb neededb forb safeb andb effectiveb medicationb administrationb butb willbneedbt
obconsultbabdrugbguideb forbspecificbdrugbinformationbbeforebadministeringb anyb
medication.b Pharmacologybisb constantlybchanging,b withbnewbdrugsbenteringbth
ebmarketbandbnewbusesb forbexistingbdrugsbidentified.
Continuingbeducationb inbpharmacologybisb essentialb tob safeb practice.b Nursesbten
db tob becomeb familiarb withb theb medicationsb theybadministerb mostb often,b butbther
ebwillb alwaysbbeb ab needbtob researchb newbdrugsbandbalsobthosebthebnursebisbnotbf
amiliarbwithbbecausebnobnursebknowsballbmedications.
7.
Abnursebisbinstructingbabpregnantbpatientbconcerningbthebpotentialbriskbtobherb
fetusbfrombabPregnancybCategorybBbdrug.bWhatbwouldbthebnursebinformbthebpa
tient?
A)
Adequateb studiesb inbpregnantb womenb haveb demonstratedb thereb isb n
ob riskbtobthebfetus.
B)
Animalb studiesbhaveb notb demonstratedb abriskb tobtheb fetus,b butbthere
b havebbeenbnobadequatebstudiesbinbpregnantbwomen.
C)
Animalb studiesbhaveb shownbanbadverseb effectb onbthebfetus,b butbthe
rebarebnobadequatebstudiesbinbpregnantbwomen.
D)
Thereb isbevidenceb ofbhumanb fetalbrisk,bbutbthebpotentialb benefitsbfro
mbusebofbthebdrugbmaybbebacceptablebdespitebpotentialbrisks.
ANSWER: B
Feedback:
CategorybBb indicatesb thatb animalb studiesb haveb notb demonstratedbab riskb tobthebf
etus.b However,b thereb haveb notbbeenbadequateb studiesb inbpregnantbwomenb tobd
emonstratebriskbtobab fetusbduringbthebfirstbtrimesterbofbpregnancybandbnobevide
ncebofbriskbinblaterbtrimesters.bCategorybAbindicatesbthatbadequatebstudiesbinbpr
egnantbwomenbhavebnotb demonstratedbabriskbtobtheb fetusbinbthebfirstbtrimesterb
orbinblaterb trimesters.b CategorybCb indicatesb thatbanimalb studiesbhavebshownbanb
adversebeffectbonbtheb fetus,bbutbnobadequatebstudiesbinbhumans.b Categoryb Db re
vealsb evidenceb ofbhumanb fetalb risk,b butbtheb potentialbbenefitsbfrombthebusebofbt
hebdrugsbinbpregnantbwomenbmayboutweighbpotentialbrisks.
8.
Dischargebplanningbforbpatientsbleavingbthebhospitalbshouldbincludebinstructi
onsb onb theb useb ofb over-the-
counterb (OTC)b drugs.b Whichb commentb bybthebpatientbwouldbdemonstratebabgo
odbunderstandingbofbOTCb drugs?
A) OTCbdrugsbarebsafeb andbdobnotbcauseb adversebeffectsbifbtakenb properly.
,B)
OTCbdrugsbhaveb beenbaroundb forb yearsbandbhaveb notb beenbtestedb
bybthebFoodbandbDrugbAdministrationb(FDA).
,C)
OTCb drugsb areb differentb fromb anybdrugsb availableb bybprescriptio
nb andbcostbless.
D) OTCb drugsb couldbcauseb seriousb harmb ifbnotb takenbaccordingb tob directions.
ANSWER: D
Feedback:
Itb isb importantb tob followb packageb directionsb becauseb OTCsb areb medicationsbt
hatbcanbcauseb seriousbharmb ifbnotb takenbproperly.b OTCsb areb drugsb thatb havebb
eenbdeterminedbtobbeb safeb whenbtakenb asbdirected;bhowever,b allb drugsbcanbpr
oducebadversebeffectsbevenbwhenbtakenbproperly.bTheybmaybhaveboriginallybb
eenb prescriptionb drugsb thatb wereb testedb bybtheb FDAb orb theybmaybhavebbeenb gr
andfatheredb inbwhenb theb FDAblawsbchanged.b OTCbeducationbshouldbalwaysb
beb includedbasbab partbofbtheb hospitalb dischargebinstructions.
9. Whatbwouldb beb theb bestb sourcebofbdrugbinformationbforbab nurse?
A) Drugb Factsb andb Comparisons
B) Abnursesb drugb guide
C) Abdrugbpackageb insert
D) Theb Physiciansb Drugb Referenceb (PDR)
ANSWER: B
Feedback:
Abnursesbdrugb guideb providesbnursingbimplicationsb andbpatientb teachingbpoint
sbthatbarebmostbusefulbtobnursesbinbadditionbtobneed-to-
knowbdrugbinformationb inb ab veryb userb friendlyborganizationalb style.Lippincott
sb NursingbDrugb Guideb (LNDG)bhasb drugbmonographsborganizedb alphabeticall
ybandbincludesb nursingb implicationsb andb patientb teachingb points.b Numerousb ot
herbdrugbhandbooksbareb alsob onb thebmarketb andbreadilybavailableb forbnursesbto
buse.b Althoughbotherbdrugbreferenceb booksbsuchbasbDrugb Factsb andbComparis
ons,b PDR,b andb drugb packageb insertsb canb allb provideb essentialb drugbinformatio
n,b theybwillb notb containb nursingb implicationsb andb teachingb pointsbandbcanbbeb
morebdifficultbtobusebthanbnursesbdrugbguides.
10.
Thebnurseb isb preparingb tob administerb ab medicationb fromb abmultidoseb bottle.
Theblabelb isbtornb andbsoiledb butb theb nameb ofbthebmedicationbisbstillbreadable.b
b
Whatbisbthebnursesbprioritybaction?
A) Discardb theb entireb bottleb andbcontentsbandbobtainb abnewbbottle.
B) Findbtheb drugbinformationbandbcreateb ab newblabelb forb theb bottle.
C) Askbanotherb nursebtob verifybtheb contentsb ofbtheb bottle.
D) Administerb theb medicationb ifbtheb nameb ofbtheb drugbcanbbebclearlybread.
, ANSWER: A
Feedback:
Whenbtheb drugblabelb isbsoiledbobscuringbsomeb informationb theb safestb actionbb
ybtheb nurseb isb tobdiscardbtheb bottleb andb contentsb becauseb drugblabelsb containbab
greatbdealbofbimportantbinformation,bfarbmorebthanbjustbthebnamebofbthebdrug.b
Concentrationb ofb theb drug,b expirationb date,b administrationb directions,bandbpre
cautionsb maybbeb missingb frombtheb labelb andbsobputb theb patientb atb risk.bLooking
b upb drugb informationb inb ab drugb handbookb orb consultingb withb anotherbnurseb wil
lb notb supplybtheb expirationb dateb orbconcentrationb ofb medication.b Bebsafebandbd
iscardbthebbottlebandbitsbcontents.
11. Whatb aspectb ofbpharmacologyb doesb ab nursebstudy?b (Selectb allbthatbapply.)
A) Chemicalb pharmacology
B) Molecularb pharmacology
C) Impactbofbdrugsbonb theb body
D) Thebbodysbresponseb tobabdrug
E) Adverseb andb anticipatedb drugbeffects
ANSWER: C,bD,bE
Feedback:
Nursesbstudybpharmacologyb frombabpharmacotherapeuticblevel,bwhichbinclude
sbthebeffectb ofbdrugsbonbtheb body,b thebbodysbresponseb tobdrugs,bandbbothbexpec
tedbandbunexpectedbdrugbeffects.bChemicalbandbmolecularbpharmacologyb (Opt
ionsb Ab andb B)b areb notb includedb inb nursingb pharmacologybcourses.
12.
Theb nurse,bprovidingb patientb teachingb aboutb homebmedicationb useb tob anb old
erbadult,bexplainsbthatb evenbwhenb drugsbareb takenbproperlybtheybcanb producebne
gativeb orb unexpectedb effects.b Whatb areb theseb negativeb orb unexpectedbeffectsbc
alled?
A) Teratogenicb effects
B) Toxicb effects
C) Adversebeffects
D) Therapeuticb effects
ANSWER: C
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