Pharmacology CJE NR 341 with Complete
Questions and Answer with Detailed Rationales
Already Graded A+ | 2026/2027 updated
Antihypertensive classes mnemonic (ABCD) - ANSWER✔✨-A = ACE inhibitors / ARBs, B = Beta
blockers, C = Calcium channel blockers, D = Diuretics
Common antihypertensive side effect: Orthostatic hypotension - ANSWER✔✨-BP drops when
changing positions → dizziness/lightheadedness → fall risk
Prevent orthostatic hypotension teaching - ANSWER✔✨-Change positions slowly; sit at edge of
bed & dangle feet 30-60 sec before standing
Common antihypertensive side effect: Rebound hypertension - ANSWER✔✨-Sudden stopping
causes BP to "bounce back" to dangerously high levels
Teaching: stopping antihypertensives - ANSWER✔✨-NEVER stop abruptly → must be
tapered/weaned down slowly
Beta blockers suffix - ANSWER✔✨--olol
Beta blocker classification - ANSWER✔✨-Antihypertensive / cardiac med
Common beta blocker examples - ANSWER✔✨-metoprolol, propranolol, nadolol, atenolol,
carvedilol, acebutolol
,Metoprolol trade names - ANSWER✔✨-Lopressor, Toprol XL
Propranolol trade name - ANSWER✔✨-Inderal
Nadolol trade name - ANSWER✔✨-Corgard
Atenolol trade name - ANSWER✔✨-Tenormin
Carvedilol trade name - ANSWER✔✨-Coreg
Acebutolol trade name - ANSWER✔✨-Sectral
Beta blocker use: hypertension - ANSWER✔✨-Lowers BP by reducing cardiac workload
Beta blocker use: tachycardia/SVT - ANSWER✔✨-Slows HR and reduces conduction
Beta blocker use: stable angina - ANSWER✔✨-Decreases myocardial oxygen demand
Beta blocker use: chronic compensated heart failure - ANSWER✔✨-Improves outcomes when
stable (NOT for acute HF)
Beta blocker use: dysrhythmias - ANSWER✔✨-Used in rhythm control like A-fib
Beta blocker use: anxiety - ANSWER✔✨-Controls physical symptoms (tremor, HR)
, Beta blockers mechanism - ANSWER✔✨-Blocks beta receptors → blocks
epinephrine/adrenaline effects
Beta blocker cardiac effect - ANSWER✔✨-Slows HR and makes beats more efficient
Beta blockers effect on BP - ANSWER✔✨-Decreased cardiac output → lower BP
Selective beta blocker definition - ANSWER✔✨-Mainly blocks beta-1 receptors
Nonselective beta blocker definition - ANSWER✔✨-Blocks beta-1 AND beta-2 receptors
Where are beta-1 receptors? - ANSWER✔✨-Heart/cardiac muscle ("one heart")
Where are beta-2 receptors? - ANSWER✔✨-Lungs/bronchial smooth muscle ("two lungs")
Why beta-2 blockade matters - ANSWER✔✨-Can cause bronchoconstriction/bronchospasm
Beta blocker adverse effect: bradycardia - ANSWER✔✨-HR slows too much
Beta blocker adverse effect: heart block - ANSWER✔✨-Slows AV conduction → conduction
delays
Beta blocker adverse effect: hypotension - ANSWER✔✨-BP too low → dizziness/falls
Questions and Answer with Detailed Rationales
Already Graded A+ | 2026/2027 updated
Antihypertensive classes mnemonic (ABCD) - ANSWER✔✨-A = ACE inhibitors / ARBs, B = Beta
blockers, C = Calcium channel blockers, D = Diuretics
Common antihypertensive side effect: Orthostatic hypotension - ANSWER✔✨-BP drops when
changing positions → dizziness/lightheadedness → fall risk
Prevent orthostatic hypotension teaching - ANSWER✔✨-Change positions slowly; sit at edge of
bed & dangle feet 30-60 sec before standing
Common antihypertensive side effect: Rebound hypertension - ANSWER✔✨-Sudden stopping
causes BP to "bounce back" to dangerously high levels
Teaching: stopping antihypertensives - ANSWER✔✨-NEVER stop abruptly → must be
tapered/weaned down slowly
Beta blockers suffix - ANSWER✔✨--olol
Beta blocker classification - ANSWER✔✨-Antihypertensive / cardiac med
Common beta blocker examples - ANSWER✔✨-metoprolol, propranolol, nadolol, atenolol,
carvedilol, acebutolol
,Metoprolol trade names - ANSWER✔✨-Lopressor, Toprol XL
Propranolol trade name - ANSWER✔✨-Inderal
Nadolol trade name - ANSWER✔✨-Corgard
Atenolol trade name - ANSWER✔✨-Tenormin
Carvedilol trade name - ANSWER✔✨-Coreg
Acebutolol trade name - ANSWER✔✨-Sectral
Beta blocker use: hypertension - ANSWER✔✨-Lowers BP by reducing cardiac workload
Beta blocker use: tachycardia/SVT - ANSWER✔✨-Slows HR and reduces conduction
Beta blocker use: stable angina - ANSWER✔✨-Decreases myocardial oxygen demand
Beta blocker use: chronic compensated heart failure - ANSWER✔✨-Improves outcomes when
stable (NOT for acute HF)
Beta blocker use: dysrhythmias - ANSWER✔✨-Used in rhythm control like A-fib
Beta blocker use: anxiety - ANSWER✔✨-Controls physical symptoms (tremor, HR)
, Beta blockers mechanism - ANSWER✔✨-Blocks beta receptors → blocks
epinephrine/adrenaline effects
Beta blocker cardiac effect - ANSWER✔✨-Slows HR and makes beats more efficient
Beta blockers effect on BP - ANSWER✔✨-Decreased cardiac output → lower BP
Selective beta blocker definition - ANSWER✔✨-Mainly blocks beta-1 receptors
Nonselective beta blocker definition - ANSWER✔✨-Blocks beta-1 AND beta-2 receptors
Where are beta-1 receptors? - ANSWER✔✨-Heart/cardiac muscle ("one heart")
Where are beta-2 receptors? - ANSWER✔✨-Lungs/bronchial smooth muscle ("two lungs")
Why beta-2 blockade matters - ANSWER✔✨-Can cause bronchoconstriction/bronchospasm
Beta blocker adverse effect: bradycardia - ANSWER✔✨-HR slows too much
Beta blocker adverse effect: heart block - ANSWER✔✨-Slows AV conduction → conduction
delays
Beta blocker adverse effect: hypotension - ANSWER✔✨-BP too low → dizziness/falls
