BSN 315 HESI Pharmacology II Exam – f f f f f f
f Nightingale College 2026–2027|VerifiedExam f f f f f
Review with Actual Questions and Answers
f f f f f f
1. nurse is administering furosemide (Lasix) to a client with congestive heart failure. Which
f f f f f f f f f f f f
f assessment finding is most important to check before giving the dose?
f f f f f f f f f f
A. Blood glucose f
B. Serum potassium f
C. Respiratory rate f
D. Liver enzymes f
Answer: B. Serum potassium f f f
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause significant hypokalemia; monitor K+ before
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
f and during therapy.
f f
1. A client receiving warfarin is admitted with a major bleed. Which medication will the
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
f nurse expect to be ordered immediately? f f f f f
A. Vitamin B12 f
B. Protamine sulfate f
C. Vitamin K (phytonadione) f f
D. Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) only f f f f
Answer: C. Vitamin K (phytonadione) f f f f
Rationale: Vitamin K reverses warfarin’s effects. In major bleeding, IV vitamin K plus FFP or
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
f prothrombin complex concentrate may be used. f f f f f
2. A patient on insulin glargine (Lantus) asks why they take it at night. The nurse
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
f explains:
A. ―It’s rapid-acting and controls after meals.‖f f f f f
B. ―It’s long-acting and provides basal insulin for 24 hours.‖
f f f f f f f f
C. ―It prevents hypoglycemia overnight only.‖
f f f f
D. ―It only works if taken on an empty stomach.‖
f f f f f f f f
Answer: B. “It’s long-acting and provides basal insulin for 24 hours.” Rationale:
f f f f f f f f f f f
f Insulin glargine is long-acting (basal) insulin, typically given once daily to provide steady
f f f f f f f f f f f f
, f insulin levels.
f
3. Which medication is most appropriate for immediate reversal of heparin anticoagulation in a
f f f f f f f f f f f f
f patient with active bleeding?
f f f
A. Vitamin K f
B. Protamine sulfate f
C. Idarucizumab
, D. Tranexamic acid f
Answer: B. Protamine sulfate f f f
Rationale: Protamine sulfate neutralizes heparin. Idarucizumab reverses dabigatran, not
f f f f f f f f
f heparin.
4. A client who takes digoxin develops nausea, visual changes (yellow halos), and
f f f f f f f f f f f
f bradycardia. The nurse recognizes this as: f f f f f
A. Signs of hypokalemia f f
B. Normal side effects f f
C. Signs of digoxin toxicity f f f
D. An allergic reaction
f f
Answer: C. Signs of digoxin toxicity
f f f f f
Rationale: GI symptoms, visual disturbances, and bradycardia are classic for digoxin
f f f f f f f f f f
f toxicity; check serum levels and K+.
f f f f f
5. A client is prescribed metoprolol for hypertension. Which condition would require
f f f f f f f f f f
f caution or avoidance?
f f
A. Asthma exacerbation f
B. Migraine headaches f
C. Hyperthyroidism
D. Sinus bradycardia and heart block
f f f f
Answer: D. Sinus bradycardia and heart block
f f f f f f
Rationale: Beta-blockers lower HR and AV conduction; avoid in bradycardia/AV block. Use
f f f f f f f f f f f
f caution with reactive airway disease but cardioselective drugs are preferred.
f f f f f f f f f
6. A nurse teaching about nitroglycerin transdermal patches should include which
f f f f f f f f f
f instruction?
A. ―Apply to oily skin for better absorption.‖
f f f f f f
B. ―Remove patch at night to reduce tolerance.‖ f f f f f f
C. ―If headache occurs, remove the patch immediately.‖
f f f f f f
D. ―Keep patches on continuously for best effect.‖
f f f f f f
Answer: B. “Remove patch at night to reduce tolerance.”
f f f f f f f f
Rationale: A nitrate-free interval (often at night) reduces tolerance. Headaches are
f f f f f f f f f f
f common but not an indication to remove unless severe.
f f f f f f f f
f Nightingale College 2026–2027|VerifiedExam f f f f f
Review with Actual Questions and Answers
f f f f f f
1. nurse is administering furosemide (Lasix) to a client with congestive heart failure. Which
f f f f f f f f f f f f
f assessment finding is most important to check before giving the dose?
f f f f f f f f f f
A. Blood glucose f
B. Serum potassium f
C. Respiratory rate f
D. Liver enzymes f
Answer: B. Serum potassium f f f
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause significant hypokalemia; monitor K+ before
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
f and during therapy.
f f
1. A client receiving warfarin is admitted with a major bleed. Which medication will the
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
f nurse expect to be ordered immediately? f f f f f
A. Vitamin B12 f
B. Protamine sulfate f
C. Vitamin K (phytonadione) f f
D. Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) only f f f f
Answer: C. Vitamin K (phytonadione) f f f f
Rationale: Vitamin K reverses warfarin’s effects. In major bleeding, IV vitamin K plus FFP or
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
f prothrombin complex concentrate may be used. f f f f f
2. A patient on insulin glargine (Lantus) asks why they take it at night. The nurse
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
f explains:
A. ―It’s rapid-acting and controls after meals.‖f f f f f
B. ―It’s long-acting and provides basal insulin for 24 hours.‖
f f f f f f f f
C. ―It prevents hypoglycemia overnight only.‖
f f f f
D. ―It only works if taken on an empty stomach.‖
f f f f f f f f
Answer: B. “It’s long-acting and provides basal insulin for 24 hours.” Rationale:
f f f f f f f f f f f
f Insulin glargine is long-acting (basal) insulin, typically given once daily to provide steady
f f f f f f f f f f f f
, f insulin levels.
f
3. Which medication is most appropriate for immediate reversal of heparin anticoagulation in a
f f f f f f f f f f f f
f patient with active bleeding?
f f f
A. Vitamin K f
B. Protamine sulfate f
C. Idarucizumab
, D. Tranexamic acid f
Answer: B. Protamine sulfate f f f
Rationale: Protamine sulfate neutralizes heparin. Idarucizumab reverses dabigatran, not
f f f f f f f f
f heparin.
4. A client who takes digoxin develops nausea, visual changes (yellow halos), and
f f f f f f f f f f f
f bradycardia. The nurse recognizes this as: f f f f f
A. Signs of hypokalemia f f
B. Normal side effects f f
C. Signs of digoxin toxicity f f f
D. An allergic reaction
f f
Answer: C. Signs of digoxin toxicity
f f f f f
Rationale: GI symptoms, visual disturbances, and bradycardia are classic for digoxin
f f f f f f f f f f
f toxicity; check serum levels and K+.
f f f f f
5. A client is prescribed metoprolol for hypertension. Which condition would require
f f f f f f f f f f
f caution or avoidance?
f f
A. Asthma exacerbation f
B. Migraine headaches f
C. Hyperthyroidism
D. Sinus bradycardia and heart block
f f f f
Answer: D. Sinus bradycardia and heart block
f f f f f f
Rationale: Beta-blockers lower HR and AV conduction; avoid in bradycardia/AV block. Use
f f f f f f f f f f f
f caution with reactive airway disease but cardioselective drugs are preferred.
f f f f f f f f f
6. A nurse teaching about nitroglycerin transdermal patches should include which
f f f f f f f f f
f instruction?
A. ―Apply to oily skin for better absorption.‖
f f f f f f
B. ―Remove patch at night to reduce tolerance.‖ f f f f f f
C. ―If headache occurs, remove the patch immediately.‖
f f f f f f
D. ―Keep patches on continuously for best effect.‖
f f f f f f
Answer: B. “Remove patch at night to reduce tolerance.”
f f f f f f f f
Rationale: A nitrate-free interval (often at night) reduces tolerance. Headaches are
f f f f f f f f f f
f common but not an indication to remove unless severe.
f f f f f f f f
