NR507 Advanced Pathophysiology midterm exam f f f f
question with answers f f f
Question 1 f
What is the most abundant class of plasma protein?
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Globulin
Albumin
f
Clottingfactors
f f
Complement proteins f
Albumin (approximately 60% of total plasma protein at a concentration of about 4
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g/dl) is the most abundant plasma protein. NR507 Advanced Pathophysiology
f f f f f f f f f f
midterm exam question with answers.
f f f f f
Question 2 f
Carcinoma in situ is characterized by which changes? f f f f f f f
Cells have broken through the local basement membrane. Cells
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have invaded immediate surrounding tissue.
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Cells remain localized in the glandular or squamous cells. Cellular
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and tissue alterations indicate dysplasia.
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Carcinoma in situ (CIS) refers to preinvasive epithelial malignant tumors of
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glandular or squamous cell origin. These early stage cancers are localized to the
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epithelium and have not broken through the local basement membrane or
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invaded the surrounding tissue. Dysplasia refers to changes in mature cell
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structure.
f
Question 3 f
Which laboratory test is considered adequate for an accurate and
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reliable diagnosis of gonococcal urethritis in a symptomatic man?
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,Ligase chain reaction (LCR) Gram- f f f f
stain technique Polymerase chain
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reaction (PCR) DNA testing
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Microscopic evaluation of Gram-stained slides of clinical specimens is
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deemed positive for Neisseria gonorrhoeae if gram-negative diplococci with the
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typical “kidney bean” morphologic appearance are found inside
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polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Such a finding is considered adequate for the
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diagnosis of gonococcal urethritis in a symptomatic man. The other options are
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not relevant to the diagnosis of this condition.
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Question 4 f
The Papanicolaou (Pap) test is used to screen for which cancer?
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Ovarian
Uterine
f
Cervical
f
Vaginal
f
The Pap test, an examination of cervical epithelial scrapings, readily detects
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early oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV)infection. The Pap test is not used
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for screening the other cancer sites listed.
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Question 5 f
pts
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Causes of hyperkalemia include: f f f
Hyperparathyroidism and malnutrition f f
,Vomiting and diarrhea f f
Renal failure and Addison disease
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Hyperaldosteronism and Cushing disease f f f
NR507 Advanced Pathophysiology midterm exam question with answers
f f f f f f f
Hyperkalemia should be investigated when a history of renal disease, massive
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trauma, insulin deficiency, Addison disease, use of potassium salt substitutes,
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or metabolic acidosis exists. The other options are not known to be causes of
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hyperkalemia.
f
Question 6 f
pts
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What is the major concern regarding the treatment of gonococci infections?
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Development of antibiotic resistance f f f
Changes in virulence f f
Changes in pathogenicity f f
Mutations into different strains f f f
, Several types of drug-resistant strains have been identified; they are
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penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG), which is resistant to
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penicillin; tetracycline-resistant N. gonorrhoeae (TRNG), which is resistant to
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tetracycline; chromosomal control of mechanisms of resistance of N.
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gonorrhoeae (CMRNG), which is resistant to penicillin and tetracycline; and
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increasingly a fluoroquinolone-resistant N. gonorrhoeae (QRNG). The other
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options are not major concerns. NR507 Advanced Pathophysiology midterm
f f f f f f f f f
exam question with answers.
f f f f
Question 7 f
pts
f f f
Hypersensitivity is best defined as a(an): f f f f f
Disturbance in the immunologic tolerance of self-antigens
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Immunologic reaction of one person to the tissue of another person
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Altered immunologic response to an antigen that results in disease
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Undetectable immune response in the presence of antigens f f f f f f f
Hypersensitivity is an altered immunologic response to an antigen that results f f f f f f f f f f
in disease or damage to the host. The other options are not accurate definitions
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of hypersensitivity.
f f
Question 8 f
question with answers f f f
Question 1 f
What is the most abundant class of plasma protein?
f f f f f f f f
Globulin
Albumin
f
Clottingfactors
f f
Complement proteins f
Albumin (approximately 60% of total plasma protein at a concentration of about 4
f f f f f f f f f f f f
g/dl) is the most abundant plasma protein. NR507 Advanced Pathophysiology
f f f f f f f f f f
midterm exam question with answers.
f f f f f
Question 2 f
Carcinoma in situ is characterized by which changes? f f f f f f f
Cells have broken through the local basement membrane. Cells
f f f f f f f f
have invaded immediate surrounding tissue.
f f f f f
Cells remain localized in the glandular or squamous cells. Cellular
f f f f f f f f f
and tissue alterations indicate dysplasia.
f f f f f
Carcinoma in situ (CIS) refers to preinvasive epithelial malignant tumors of
f f f f f f f f f f
glandular or squamous cell origin. These early stage cancers are localized to the
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
epithelium and have not broken through the local basement membrane or
f f f f f f f f f f f
invaded the surrounding tissue. Dysplasia refers to changes in mature cell
f f f f f f f f f f f
structure.
f
Question 3 f
Which laboratory test is considered adequate for an accurate and
f f f f f f f f f
reliable diagnosis of gonococcal urethritis in a symptomatic man?
f f f f f f f f f
,Ligase chain reaction (LCR) Gram- f f f f
stain technique Polymerase chain
f f f
reaction (PCR) DNA testing
f f f f
Microscopic evaluation of Gram-stained slides of clinical specimens is
f f f f f f f f
deemed positive for Neisseria gonorrhoeae if gram-negative diplococci with the
f f f f f f f f f f
typical “kidney bean” morphologic appearance are found inside
f f f f f f f f
polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Such a finding is considered adequate for the
f f f f f f f f f f
diagnosis of gonococcal urethritis in a symptomatic man. The other options are
f f f f f f f f f f f f
not relevant to the diagnosis of this condition.
f f f f f f f f
Question 4 f
The Papanicolaou (Pap) test is used to screen for which cancer?
f f f f f f f f f f
Ovarian
Uterine
f
Cervical
f
Vaginal
f
The Pap test, an examination of cervical epithelial scrapings, readily detects
f f f f f f f f f f
early oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV)infection. The Pap test is not used
f f f f f f f f f f f
for screening the other cancer sites listed.
f f f f f f f
Question 5 f
pts
f f f
Causes of hyperkalemia include: f f f
Hyperparathyroidism and malnutrition f f
,Vomiting and diarrhea f f
Renal failure and Addison disease
f f f f
Hyperaldosteronism and Cushing disease f f f
NR507 Advanced Pathophysiology midterm exam question with answers
f f f f f f f
Hyperkalemia should be investigated when a history of renal disease, massive
f f f f f f f f f f
trauma, insulin deficiency, Addison disease, use of potassium salt substitutes,
f f f f f f f f f f
or metabolic acidosis exists. The other options are not known to be causes of
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
hyperkalemia.
f
Question 6 f
pts
f f f
What is the major concern regarding the treatment of gonococci infections?
f f f f f f f f f f
Development of antibiotic resistance f f f
Changes in virulence f f
Changes in pathogenicity f f
Mutations into different strains f f f
, Several types of drug-resistant strains have been identified; they are
f f f f f f f f f
penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG), which is resistant to
f f f f f f f f
penicillin; tetracycline-resistant N. gonorrhoeae (TRNG), which is resistant to
f f f f f f f f f
tetracycline; chromosomal control of mechanisms of resistance of N.
f f f f f f f f f
gonorrhoeae (CMRNG), which is resistant to penicillin and tetracycline; and
f f f f f f f f f f
increasingly a fluoroquinolone-resistant N. gonorrhoeae (QRNG). The other
f f f f f f f f
options are not major concerns. NR507 Advanced Pathophysiology midterm
f f f f f f f f f
exam question with answers.
f f f f
Question 7 f
pts
f f f
Hypersensitivity is best defined as a(an): f f f f f
Disturbance in the immunologic tolerance of self-antigens
f f f f f f
Immunologic reaction of one person to the tissue of another person
f f f f f f f f f f
Altered immunologic response to an antigen that results in disease
f f f f f f f f f
Undetectable immune response in the presence of antigens f f f f f f f
Hypersensitivity is an altered immunologic response to an antigen that results f f f f f f f f f f
in disease or damage to the host. The other options are not accurate definitions
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
of hypersensitivity.
f f
Question 8 f
