2025/2024 ALL HESI
FUNDAMENTALS EXAM TEST
BANK UPDATED QUESTION
WITH RATIONALES AND
ANSWERS LATEST UPDATED
HESI FUNDAMENTALS EXAM,
ANSWERED
,An elderly client with a fractured left hip is on strict bedrest. Which nursing measure is essential to
the client's nursing care?
A. Massage any reddened areas for at least five minutes.
B. Encourage active range of motion exercises on extremities.
C. Position the client laterally, prone, and dorsally in sequence.
D. Gently lift the client when moving into a desired position. - To avoid shearing forces when
repositioning, the client should be lifted gently across a surface (D). Reddened areas should not
be massaged (A) since this may increase the damage to already traumatized skin. To control
pain and muscle spasms, active range of motion (B) may be limited on the affected leg. The
position described in (C) is contraindicated for a client with a fractured left hip.
Correct Answer: D
The nurse is administering medications through a nasogastric tube (NGT) which is connected
to suction. After ensuring correct tube placement, what action should the nurse take next?
A. Clamp the tube for 20 minutes.
B. Flush the tube with water.
C. Administer the medications as prescribed.
D. Crush the tablets and dissolve in sterile water. - The NGT should be flushed before, after and in
between each medication administered (B). Once all medications are administered, the NGT
should be clamped for 20 minutes (A). (C and D) may be implemented only after the tubing has
been flushed.
Correct Answer: B
A client who is in hospice care complains of increasing amounts of pain. The healthcare provider
prescribes an analgesic every four hours as needed. Which action should the nurse implement?
A. Give an around-the-clock schedule for administration of analgesics.
,B. Administer analgesic medication as needed when the pain is severe.
C. Provide medication to keep the client sedated and unaware of stimuli.
D. Offer a medication-free period so that the client can do daily activities. - The most effective
management of pain is achieved using an around-the-clock schedule that provides analgesic
medications on a regular basis (A) and in a timely manner. Analgesics are less effective if pain
persists until it is severe, so an analgesic medication should be administered before the client's
pain peaks (B). Providing comfort is a priority for the client who is dying, but sedation that
impairs the client's ability to interact and experience the time before life ends should be
minimized (C). Offering a medication-free period allows the serum drug level to fall, which is
not an effective method to manage chronic pain ( D ).
Correct Answer: A
When assessing a client with wrist restraints, the nurse observes that the fingers on the right hand
are blue. What action should the nurse implement first? A. Loosen the right wrist restraint.
B. Apply a pulse oximeter to the right hand.
C. Compare hand color bilaterally.
D. Palpate the right radial pulse. - The priority nursing action is to restore circulation by loosening
the restraint (A), because blue fingers (cyanosis) indicates decreased circulation. (C and D) are
also important nursing interventions, but do not have the priority of (A). Pulse oximetry (B)
measures the saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen and is not indicated in situations where the
cyanosis is related to mechanical compression (the restraints).
Correct Answer: A
The nurse is assessing the nutritional status of several clients. Which client has the greatest
nutritional need for additional intake of protein?
A. A college-age track runner with a sprained ankle.
B. A lactating woman nursing her 3-day-old infant.
C. A school-aged child with Type 2 diabetes.
, D. An elderly man being treated for a peptic ulcer. - A lactating woman (B) has the greatest need
for additional protein intake. (A, C, and D) are all conditions that require protein, but do not
have the increased metabolic protein demands of lactation.
Correct Answer: B
A client is in the radiology department at 0900 when the prescription levofloxacin (Levaquin) 500
mg IV q24h is scheduled to be administered. The client returns to the unit at 1300. What is the
best intervention for the nurse to implement?
A. Contact the healthcare provider and complete a medication variance form.
B. Administer the Levaquin at 1300 and resume the 0900 schedule in the morning.
C. Notify the charge nurse and complete an incident report to explain the missed dose.
D. Give the missed dose at 1300 and change the schedule to administer daily at 1300. - To ensure
that a therapeutic level of medication is maintained, the nurse should administer the missed
dose as soon as possible, and revise the administration schedule accordingly to prevent
dangerously increasing the level of the medication in the bloodstream (D). The nurse should
document the reason for the late dose, but (A and C) are not warranted. (B) could result in
increased blood levels of the drug.
Correct Answer: D
While instructing a male client's wife in the performance of passive range-of-motion exercises
to his contracted shoulder, the nurse observes that she is holding his arm above and below the
elbow. What nursing action should the nurse implement?
A. Acknowledge that she is supporting the arm correctly.
B. Encourage her to keep the joint covered to maintain warmth.
C. Reinforce the need to grip directly under the joint for better support.
D. Instruct her to grip directly over the joint for better motion. - The wife is performing the passive
ROM correctly, therefore the nurse should acknowledge this fact (A). The joint that is being
exercised should be uncovered (B) while the rest of the body should remain covered for
FUNDAMENTALS EXAM TEST
BANK UPDATED QUESTION
WITH RATIONALES AND
ANSWERS LATEST UPDATED
HESI FUNDAMENTALS EXAM,
ANSWERED
,An elderly client with a fractured left hip is on strict bedrest. Which nursing measure is essential to
the client's nursing care?
A. Massage any reddened areas for at least five minutes.
B. Encourage active range of motion exercises on extremities.
C. Position the client laterally, prone, and dorsally in sequence.
D. Gently lift the client when moving into a desired position. - To avoid shearing forces when
repositioning, the client should be lifted gently across a surface (D). Reddened areas should not
be massaged (A) since this may increase the damage to already traumatized skin. To control
pain and muscle spasms, active range of motion (B) may be limited on the affected leg. The
position described in (C) is contraindicated for a client with a fractured left hip.
Correct Answer: D
The nurse is administering medications through a nasogastric tube (NGT) which is connected
to suction. After ensuring correct tube placement, what action should the nurse take next?
A. Clamp the tube for 20 minutes.
B. Flush the tube with water.
C. Administer the medications as prescribed.
D. Crush the tablets and dissolve in sterile water. - The NGT should be flushed before, after and in
between each medication administered (B). Once all medications are administered, the NGT
should be clamped for 20 minutes (A). (C and D) may be implemented only after the tubing has
been flushed.
Correct Answer: B
A client who is in hospice care complains of increasing amounts of pain. The healthcare provider
prescribes an analgesic every four hours as needed. Which action should the nurse implement?
A. Give an around-the-clock schedule for administration of analgesics.
,B. Administer analgesic medication as needed when the pain is severe.
C. Provide medication to keep the client sedated and unaware of stimuli.
D. Offer a medication-free period so that the client can do daily activities. - The most effective
management of pain is achieved using an around-the-clock schedule that provides analgesic
medications on a regular basis (A) and in a timely manner. Analgesics are less effective if pain
persists until it is severe, so an analgesic medication should be administered before the client's
pain peaks (B). Providing comfort is a priority for the client who is dying, but sedation that
impairs the client's ability to interact and experience the time before life ends should be
minimized (C). Offering a medication-free period allows the serum drug level to fall, which is
not an effective method to manage chronic pain ( D ).
Correct Answer: A
When assessing a client with wrist restraints, the nurse observes that the fingers on the right hand
are blue. What action should the nurse implement first? A. Loosen the right wrist restraint.
B. Apply a pulse oximeter to the right hand.
C. Compare hand color bilaterally.
D. Palpate the right radial pulse. - The priority nursing action is to restore circulation by loosening
the restraint (A), because blue fingers (cyanosis) indicates decreased circulation. (C and D) are
also important nursing interventions, but do not have the priority of (A). Pulse oximetry (B)
measures the saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen and is not indicated in situations where the
cyanosis is related to mechanical compression (the restraints).
Correct Answer: A
The nurse is assessing the nutritional status of several clients. Which client has the greatest
nutritional need for additional intake of protein?
A. A college-age track runner with a sprained ankle.
B. A lactating woman nursing her 3-day-old infant.
C. A school-aged child with Type 2 diabetes.
, D. An elderly man being treated for a peptic ulcer. - A lactating woman (B) has the greatest need
for additional protein intake. (A, C, and D) are all conditions that require protein, but do not
have the increased metabolic protein demands of lactation.
Correct Answer: B
A client is in the radiology department at 0900 when the prescription levofloxacin (Levaquin) 500
mg IV q24h is scheduled to be administered. The client returns to the unit at 1300. What is the
best intervention for the nurse to implement?
A. Contact the healthcare provider and complete a medication variance form.
B. Administer the Levaquin at 1300 and resume the 0900 schedule in the morning.
C. Notify the charge nurse and complete an incident report to explain the missed dose.
D. Give the missed dose at 1300 and change the schedule to administer daily at 1300. - To ensure
that a therapeutic level of medication is maintained, the nurse should administer the missed
dose as soon as possible, and revise the administration schedule accordingly to prevent
dangerously increasing the level of the medication in the bloodstream (D). The nurse should
document the reason for the late dose, but (A and C) are not warranted. (B) could result in
increased blood levels of the drug.
Correct Answer: D
While instructing a male client's wife in the performance of passive range-of-motion exercises
to his contracted shoulder, the nurse observes that she is holding his arm above and below the
elbow. What nursing action should the nurse implement?
A. Acknowledge that she is supporting the arm correctly.
B. Encourage her to keep the joint covered to maintain warmth.
C. Reinforce the need to grip directly under the joint for better support.
D. Instruct her to grip directly over the joint for better motion. - The wife is performing the passive
ROM correctly, therefore the nurse should acknowledge this fact (A). The joint that is being
exercised should be uncovered (B) while the rest of the body should remain covered for
