NIGHTINGALE BSN 346 MED-SURG II – HESI EXAM
3|QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS|GRADED A+|100%
CORRECT|2026 UPDATE
1. Acute kidney injury (AKI) early sign
A. Polyuria
B. Decreased urine output
C. Weight loss
D. Bradycardia
Answer: B
Rationale: Oliguria is an early and key indicator of reduced renal perfusion.
2. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) diet
A. High potassium
B. High sodium
C. Low protein
D. High phosphorus
Answer: C
Rationale: Protein restriction reduces nitrogenous waste buildup.
3. Hemodialysis complication
A. Hypertension
B. Hypotension
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Fever only
Answer: B
Rationale: Rapid fluid removal decreases circulating volume.
4. Peritoneal dialysis infection sign
A. Clear effluent
B. Cloudy dialysate
C. Increased appetite
,D. Bradycardia
Answer: B
Rationale: Cloudy drainage indicates peritonitis.
5. Urinary tract infection (UTI)
A. Dysuria
B. Polyphagia
C. Cyanosis
D. Hypertension
Answer: A
Rationale: Painful urination is classic UTI symptom.
6. Kidney stone priority
A. Bed rest
B. Pain control
C. High sodium diet
D. Fluid restriction
Answer: B
Rationale: Renal colic pain is severe and requires immediate control.
7. BPH complication
A. Diarrhea
B. Urinary retention
C. Hypotension
D. Fever
Answer: B
Rationale: Prostate enlargement obstructs urine flow.
8. Acute glomerulonephritis sign
A. Hematuria
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Rash
, D. Bradycardia
Answer: A
Rationale: Inflammation of glomeruli causes blood in urine.
9. Nephrotic syndrome hallmark
A. Proteinuria
B. Hypokalemia
C. Leukopenia
D. Hypercalcemia
Answer: A
Rationale: Increased glomerular permeability leads to protein loss.
10. AKI priority intervention
A. Restrict fluids
B. Increase potassium
C. Monitor electrolytes
D. High protein diet
Answer: C
Rationale: Electrolyte imbalance (especially K⁺) is life-threatening.
11. Stroke type diagnostic test
A. MRI/CT scan
B. ECG
C. X-ray
D. Ultrasound only
Answer: A
Rationale: Imaging distinguishes ischemic vs hemorrhagic stroke.
12. Stroke complication
A. Aspiration pneumonia
B. Appendicitis
C. Kidney stones
3|QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS|GRADED A+|100%
CORRECT|2026 UPDATE
1. Acute kidney injury (AKI) early sign
A. Polyuria
B. Decreased urine output
C. Weight loss
D. Bradycardia
Answer: B
Rationale: Oliguria is an early and key indicator of reduced renal perfusion.
2. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) diet
A. High potassium
B. High sodium
C. Low protein
D. High phosphorus
Answer: C
Rationale: Protein restriction reduces nitrogenous waste buildup.
3. Hemodialysis complication
A. Hypertension
B. Hypotension
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Fever only
Answer: B
Rationale: Rapid fluid removal decreases circulating volume.
4. Peritoneal dialysis infection sign
A. Clear effluent
B. Cloudy dialysate
C. Increased appetite
,D. Bradycardia
Answer: B
Rationale: Cloudy drainage indicates peritonitis.
5. Urinary tract infection (UTI)
A. Dysuria
B. Polyphagia
C. Cyanosis
D. Hypertension
Answer: A
Rationale: Painful urination is classic UTI symptom.
6. Kidney stone priority
A. Bed rest
B. Pain control
C. High sodium diet
D. Fluid restriction
Answer: B
Rationale: Renal colic pain is severe and requires immediate control.
7. BPH complication
A. Diarrhea
B. Urinary retention
C. Hypotension
D. Fever
Answer: B
Rationale: Prostate enlargement obstructs urine flow.
8. Acute glomerulonephritis sign
A. Hematuria
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Rash
, D. Bradycardia
Answer: A
Rationale: Inflammation of glomeruli causes blood in urine.
9. Nephrotic syndrome hallmark
A. Proteinuria
B. Hypokalemia
C. Leukopenia
D. Hypercalcemia
Answer: A
Rationale: Increased glomerular permeability leads to protein loss.
10. AKI priority intervention
A. Restrict fluids
B. Increase potassium
C. Monitor electrolytes
D. High protein diet
Answer: C
Rationale: Electrolyte imbalance (especially K⁺) is life-threatening.
11. Stroke type diagnostic test
A. MRI/CT scan
B. ECG
C. X-ray
D. Ultrasound only
Answer: A
Rationale: Imaging distinguishes ischemic vs hemorrhagic stroke.
12. Stroke complication
A. Aspiration pneumonia
B. Appendicitis
C. Kidney stones
