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ATI Med Surg Gastrointestinal Actual
Exam Questions And Answers Practice
Questions with Solutions Newest |
Already Graded A+.
**1. A nurse is caring for a client who has celiac disease. Which of the
following foods should the nurse remove from the client's meal tray?**
A. Tapioca pudding
B. Hard-boiled egg
C. Wheat toast
D. Mashed potatoes
**Answer:** C. Wheat toast
**Rationale:** Celiac disease is triggered by **gluten**, which is found
in wheat, barley, and rye. Wheat toast contains gluten. Tapioca
(cassava), eggs, and potatoes are naturally gluten-free.
,**2. A client with GERD reports heartburn that awakens him at night.
Which recommendation should the nurse provide first?**
A. Take an antacid immediately before lying down
B. Elevate the head of the bed on 6- to 8-inch blocks
C. Eat a large meal at bedtime to buffer acid
D. Sleep on the right side to reduce reflux
**Answer:** B. Elevate the head of the bed
**Rationale:** Gravity is the most effective non-pharmacologic
intervention for nocturnal reflux. Elevating the head of the bed **6-8
inches** prevents acid from moving upward while the client sleeps.
**3. A client is prescribed omeprazole (Prilosec) for GERD. The nurse
should instruct the client to take this medication at which time?**
A. 30-60 minutes before breakfast
B. With meals
C. At bedtime
D. Only when heartburn occurs
**Answer:** A. 30-60 minutes before breakfast
**Rationale:** Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) work best when taken on
an **empty stomach** about 30-60 minutes before the first meal of
the day. This timing ensures the most active proton pumps are
inhibited.
,**4. A client is recovering from an EGD
(esophagogastroduodenoscopy). What is the priority nursing
assessment?**
A. Monitoring for a sore throat
B. Assessing for the return of the gag reflex
C. Monitoring for heartburn
D. Checking blood pressure
**Answer:** B. Assessing for the return of the gag reflex
**Rationale:** The throat is anesthetized during an EGD. **Airway
protection** is the priority. The nurse must ensure the gag reflex has
returned before allowing the client to drink or eat to prevent
aspiration.
**5. A client with a duodenal ulcer reports that pain is relieved by
eating. Why does this occur?**
A. Food buffers gastric acid, reducing duodenal acid exposure
B. The ulcer is located in the stomach, not the duodenum
C. Eating stimulates gastrin, which increases mucosal protection
D. Food physically blocks the ulcer crater
**Answer:** A. Food buffers gastric acid
, **Rationale:** Duodenal ulcer pain typically occurs **2-3 hours after
meals** (when acid empties into the duodenum). Food relieves the
pain because it acts as a buffer, neutralizing the gastric acid.
**6. A client is suspected of having a perforated peptic ulcer. Which
assessment finding would the nurse expect?**
A. Bradycardia
B. Yellowing of the skin
C. Board-like abdomen
D. Hyperactive bowel sounds
**Answer:** C. Board-like abdomen
**Rationale:** Perforation causes gastric contents to leak into the
peritoneal cavity, leading to **chemical peritonitis**. This results in
sudden, severe pain and a rigid, "board-like" abdomen. This is a surgical
emergency.
**7. A client is prescribed sucralfate (Carafate) for a gastric ulcer. The
nurse should instruct the client to take this medication:**
A. 1 hour before meals and at bedtime
B. With meals to enhance absorption
C. Immediately after antacids
D. With a full glass of orange juice
---
ATI Med Surg Gastrointestinal Actual
Exam Questions And Answers Practice
Questions with Solutions Newest |
Already Graded A+.
**1. A nurse is caring for a client who has celiac disease. Which of the
following foods should the nurse remove from the client's meal tray?**
A. Tapioca pudding
B. Hard-boiled egg
C. Wheat toast
D. Mashed potatoes
**Answer:** C. Wheat toast
**Rationale:** Celiac disease is triggered by **gluten**, which is found
in wheat, barley, and rye. Wheat toast contains gluten. Tapioca
(cassava), eggs, and potatoes are naturally gluten-free.
,**2. A client with GERD reports heartburn that awakens him at night.
Which recommendation should the nurse provide first?**
A. Take an antacid immediately before lying down
B. Elevate the head of the bed on 6- to 8-inch blocks
C. Eat a large meal at bedtime to buffer acid
D. Sleep on the right side to reduce reflux
**Answer:** B. Elevate the head of the bed
**Rationale:** Gravity is the most effective non-pharmacologic
intervention for nocturnal reflux. Elevating the head of the bed **6-8
inches** prevents acid from moving upward while the client sleeps.
**3. A client is prescribed omeprazole (Prilosec) for GERD. The nurse
should instruct the client to take this medication at which time?**
A. 30-60 minutes before breakfast
B. With meals
C. At bedtime
D. Only when heartburn occurs
**Answer:** A. 30-60 minutes before breakfast
**Rationale:** Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) work best when taken on
an **empty stomach** about 30-60 minutes before the first meal of
the day. This timing ensures the most active proton pumps are
inhibited.
,**4. A client is recovering from an EGD
(esophagogastroduodenoscopy). What is the priority nursing
assessment?**
A. Monitoring for a sore throat
B. Assessing for the return of the gag reflex
C. Monitoring for heartburn
D. Checking blood pressure
**Answer:** B. Assessing for the return of the gag reflex
**Rationale:** The throat is anesthetized during an EGD. **Airway
protection** is the priority. The nurse must ensure the gag reflex has
returned before allowing the client to drink or eat to prevent
aspiration.
**5. A client with a duodenal ulcer reports that pain is relieved by
eating. Why does this occur?**
A. Food buffers gastric acid, reducing duodenal acid exposure
B. The ulcer is located in the stomach, not the duodenum
C. Eating stimulates gastrin, which increases mucosal protection
D. Food physically blocks the ulcer crater
**Answer:** A. Food buffers gastric acid
, **Rationale:** Duodenal ulcer pain typically occurs **2-3 hours after
meals** (when acid empties into the duodenum). Food relieves the
pain because it acts as a buffer, neutralizing the gastric acid.
**6. A client is suspected of having a perforated peptic ulcer. Which
assessment finding would the nurse expect?**
A. Bradycardia
B. Yellowing of the skin
C. Board-like abdomen
D. Hyperactive bowel sounds
**Answer:** C. Board-like abdomen
**Rationale:** Perforation causes gastric contents to leak into the
peritoneal cavity, leading to **chemical peritonitis**. This results in
sudden, severe pain and a rigid, "board-like" abdomen. This is a surgical
emergency.
**7. A client is prescribed sucralfate (Carafate) for a gastric ulcer. The
nurse should instruct the client to take this medication:**
A. 1 hour before meals and at bedtime
B. With meals to enhance absorption
C. Immediately after antacids
D. With a full glass of orange juice
