COMSAE PHASE 1 FORM 114 EXAMINATION QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWER WITH EXPLANATION STUDY
GUIDE FOR OSTEOPATHIC MEDICAL STUDENT
.
1.
A patient with crushing substernal chest pain radiating to the left arm most likely has:
A. GERD
B. Myocardial infarction
C. Pneumonia
D. Gastritis
Answer: B
Rationale: Radiating crushing chest pain is characteristic of myocardial infarction.
2.
The most common cause of primary hypothyroidism is:
A. Graves disease
B. Hashimoto thyroiditis
C. Pituitary adenoma
D. Thyroid carcinoma
Answer: B
Rationale: Autoimmune thyroid destruction commonly causes hypothyroidism.
3.
Parkinson disease primarily results from deficiency of:
A. Serotonin
B. Dopamine
C. Histamine
D. Acetylcholine
Answer: B
Rationale: Loss of dopaminergic neurons causes motor symptoms.
,4.
The most common cause of urinary tract infections is:
A. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
B. Escherichia coli
C. Staphylococcus aureus
D. Streptococcus pneumoniae
Answer: B
Rationale: E. coli accounts for most UTIs.
5.
Hyperglycemia with ketones and acidosis suggests:
A. SIADH
B. Diabetic ketoacidosis
C. Hyperosmolar syndrome
D. Hypoglycemia
Answer: B
Rationale: DKA is defined by ketosis and metabolic acidosis.
6.
The antidote for opioid overdose is:
A. Flumazenil
B. Naloxone
C. Atropine
D. Epinephrine
Answer: B
Rationale: Naloxone rapidly reverses opioid toxicity.
7.
Rheumatic fever most commonly damages which valve?
A. Pulmonary valve
B. Mitral valve
C. Tricuspid valve
, D. Aortic valve
Answer: B
Rationale: Rheumatic heart disease primarily affects the mitral valve.
8.
A “boot-shaped” heart on chest X-ray is associated with:
A. Atrial septal defect
B. Tetralogy of Fallot
C. Ventricular septal defect
D. Coarctation of aorta
Answer: B
Rationale: Right ventricular hypertrophy creates the boot-shaped appearance.
9.
The leading cause of COPD is:
A. Tuberculosis
B. Smoking
C. Viral infection
D. Asthma
Answer: B
Rationale: Smoking damages alveoli and airways.
10.
Elevated TSH with low T4 indicates:
A. Hyperthyroidism
B. Primary hypothyroidism
C. Secondary hypothyroidism
D. Euthyroid syndrome
Answer: B
Rationale: Thyroid gland failure increases TSH.
11.
AND CORRECT ANSWER WITH EXPLANATION STUDY
GUIDE FOR OSTEOPATHIC MEDICAL STUDENT
.
1.
A patient with crushing substernal chest pain radiating to the left arm most likely has:
A. GERD
B. Myocardial infarction
C. Pneumonia
D. Gastritis
Answer: B
Rationale: Radiating crushing chest pain is characteristic of myocardial infarction.
2.
The most common cause of primary hypothyroidism is:
A. Graves disease
B. Hashimoto thyroiditis
C. Pituitary adenoma
D. Thyroid carcinoma
Answer: B
Rationale: Autoimmune thyroid destruction commonly causes hypothyroidism.
3.
Parkinson disease primarily results from deficiency of:
A. Serotonin
B. Dopamine
C. Histamine
D. Acetylcholine
Answer: B
Rationale: Loss of dopaminergic neurons causes motor symptoms.
,4.
The most common cause of urinary tract infections is:
A. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
B. Escherichia coli
C. Staphylococcus aureus
D. Streptococcus pneumoniae
Answer: B
Rationale: E. coli accounts for most UTIs.
5.
Hyperglycemia with ketones and acidosis suggests:
A. SIADH
B. Diabetic ketoacidosis
C. Hyperosmolar syndrome
D. Hypoglycemia
Answer: B
Rationale: DKA is defined by ketosis and metabolic acidosis.
6.
The antidote for opioid overdose is:
A. Flumazenil
B. Naloxone
C. Atropine
D. Epinephrine
Answer: B
Rationale: Naloxone rapidly reverses opioid toxicity.
7.
Rheumatic fever most commonly damages which valve?
A. Pulmonary valve
B. Mitral valve
C. Tricuspid valve
, D. Aortic valve
Answer: B
Rationale: Rheumatic heart disease primarily affects the mitral valve.
8.
A “boot-shaped” heart on chest X-ray is associated with:
A. Atrial septal defect
B. Tetralogy of Fallot
C. Ventricular septal defect
D. Coarctation of aorta
Answer: B
Rationale: Right ventricular hypertrophy creates the boot-shaped appearance.
9.
The leading cause of COPD is:
A. Tuberculosis
B. Smoking
C. Viral infection
D. Asthma
Answer: B
Rationale: Smoking damages alveoli and airways.
10.
Elevated TSH with low T4 indicates:
A. Hyperthyroidism
B. Primary hypothyroidism
C. Secondary hypothyroidism
D. Euthyroid syndrome
Answer: B
Rationale: Thyroid gland failure increases TSH.
11.
