ATI Adult Med Surg 2026 Comprehensive Review |
NCLEX-Style Multiple Choice Questions
1. Why is assessing oxygen saturation considered the priority nursing action
during the administration of nitrous oxide?
Checking temperature is important for infection control during the
procedure.
Measuring blood pressure helps monitor cardiovascular stability
during anesthesia.
Assessing oxygen saturation ensures the client is receiving
adequate oxygen during anesthesia induction.
Palpating pulse rate is essential for assessing circulation during
surgery.
2. What is the first action a nurse should take when a client reports nausea and
vomiting after surgery?
Assess bowel sounds
Insert prescribed nasogastric tube
Administer antiemetic medication
Restart prescribed IV fluids
3. What is the expected acid-base imbalance in a patient who has experienced
prolonged vomiting?
Respiratory acidosis
Respiratory alkalosis
Metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic acidosis
,4. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving midazolam during a
colonoscopy. The client's blood pressure decreases from 122/34 mmHg to
86/50 mmHg. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect
the provider to prescribe for the client?
Flumazenil
Fludrocortisone
Moxifloxacin
Naloxone
5. Which client does the nurse anticipate will have acidosis because of a
decreased arterial bicarbonate level?
client with hypoventilation
client who is vomiting
client with pancreatitis
client with emphysema
6. Why is it important for a nurse to report elevated blood glucose levels
before a surgical procedure?
Elevated blood glucose indicates dehydration and needs immediate
treatment.
Elevated blood glucose levels are normal before surgery.
Elevated blood glucose can increase the risk of infection and affect
healing.
Elevated blood glucose is irrelevant to surgical outcomes.
,7. A patient who received midazolam is showing signs of respiratory depression.
What is the most appropriate nursing intervention?
Administer an additional dose of midazolam to sedate the patient
further.
Increase the oxygen flow rate to the patient.
Administer flumazenil as ordered to reverse sedation effects.
Call for a rapid response team without assessing the patient.
8. A patient presents with a potassium level of 5.6 mEq/L. What immediate
nursing intervention should be prioritized?
Perform a physical assessment for muscle weakness.
Encourage high-potassium foods.
Administer a potassium-wasting diuretic.
Monitor the patient's ECG for changes.
9. The nurse is assessing a client for fluid balance. Which findings support a
diagnosis of fluid volume deficit?
Increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, and cold clammy skin
decreased blood pressure, increased heart rate, and dry skin
dry skin, decreased heart rate, and increased blood pressure
decreased heart rate, decreased blood pressure, and diaphoresis
10. Which of the following is a sign of fluid volume deficit that indicates
decreased hydration status?
Elevated blood pressure
Increased urine output
, Increased skin elasticity
Decreased skin turgor
11. What is the purpose of administering flumazenil in a clinical setting?
To reverse the effects of benzodiazepines
To treat opioid overdose
To provide pain relief
To increase heart rate
12. Why is it important for the nurse to ensure that the client understands the
information about the procedure before signing the informed consent?
It allows the nurse to take responsibility for the procedure.
It ensures that the client is making an informed decision regarding
their care.
It helps the nurse to explain the procedure more effectively.
It reduces the risk of legal issues for the healthcare facility.
13. What condition should the nurse monitor for in a client who experiences
weakness, confusion, and dizziness when standing?
Peripheral edema
Fluid overload
Orthostatic hypotension
Hypoglycemia
14. Describe how diabetic ketoacidosis can result in hyperkalemia.
Diabetic ketoacidosis causes the kidneys to excrete more potassium.
NCLEX-Style Multiple Choice Questions
1. Why is assessing oxygen saturation considered the priority nursing action
during the administration of nitrous oxide?
Checking temperature is important for infection control during the
procedure.
Measuring blood pressure helps monitor cardiovascular stability
during anesthesia.
Assessing oxygen saturation ensures the client is receiving
adequate oxygen during anesthesia induction.
Palpating pulse rate is essential for assessing circulation during
surgery.
2. What is the first action a nurse should take when a client reports nausea and
vomiting after surgery?
Assess bowel sounds
Insert prescribed nasogastric tube
Administer antiemetic medication
Restart prescribed IV fluids
3. What is the expected acid-base imbalance in a patient who has experienced
prolonged vomiting?
Respiratory acidosis
Respiratory alkalosis
Metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic acidosis
,4. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving midazolam during a
colonoscopy. The client's blood pressure decreases from 122/34 mmHg to
86/50 mmHg. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect
the provider to prescribe for the client?
Flumazenil
Fludrocortisone
Moxifloxacin
Naloxone
5. Which client does the nurse anticipate will have acidosis because of a
decreased arterial bicarbonate level?
client with hypoventilation
client who is vomiting
client with pancreatitis
client with emphysema
6. Why is it important for a nurse to report elevated blood glucose levels
before a surgical procedure?
Elevated blood glucose indicates dehydration and needs immediate
treatment.
Elevated blood glucose levels are normal before surgery.
Elevated blood glucose can increase the risk of infection and affect
healing.
Elevated blood glucose is irrelevant to surgical outcomes.
,7. A patient who received midazolam is showing signs of respiratory depression.
What is the most appropriate nursing intervention?
Administer an additional dose of midazolam to sedate the patient
further.
Increase the oxygen flow rate to the patient.
Administer flumazenil as ordered to reverse sedation effects.
Call for a rapid response team without assessing the patient.
8. A patient presents with a potassium level of 5.6 mEq/L. What immediate
nursing intervention should be prioritized?
Perform a physical assessment for muscle weakness.
Encourage high-potassium foods.
Administer a potassium-wasting diuretic.
Monitor the patient's ECG for changes.
9. The nurse is assessing a client for fluid balance. Which findings support a
diagnosis of fluid volume deficit?
Increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, and cold clammy skin
decreased blood pressure, increased heart rate, and dry skin
dry skin, decreased heart rate, and increased blood pressure
decreased heart rate, decreased blood pressure, and diaphoresis
10. Which of the following is a sign of fluid volume deficit that indicates
decreased hydration status?
Elevated blood pressure
Increased urine output
, Increased skin elasticity
Decreased skin turgor
11. What is the purpose of administering flumazenil in a clinical setting?
To reverse the effects of benzodiazepines
To treat opioid overdose
To provide pain relief
To increase heart rate
12. Why is it important for the nurse to ensure that the client understands the
information about the procedure before signing the informed consent?
It allows the nurse to take responsibility for the procedure.
It ensures that the client is making an informed decision regarding
their care.
It helps the nurse to explain the procedure more effectively.
It reduces the risk of legal issues for the healthcare facility.
13. What condition should the nurse monitor for in a client who experiences
weakness, confusion, and dizziness when standing?
Peripheral edema
Fluid overload
Orthostatic hypotension
Hypoglycemia
14. Describe how diabetic ketoacidosis can result in hyperkalemia.
Diabetic ketoacidosis causes the kidneys to excrete more potassium.
