PUBH Final Exam Questions and All
Correct Answers 2026 Updated.
What is evidence? - Answer scientific data that is appropriate and sufficient to support the
claim
What are the 3 different types of evidence? - Answer 1) Scientific: peer reviewed journals,
systematic reviews
2) Data: public health surveillance, qualitative data
3) Personal: word of mouth, judgement
What is evidence-based public health? - Answer making public health decisions on the basis
of the best available scientific evidence
What are the 4 components of evidence-based public health? - Answer 1) use sound data
and information systems
2) apply appropriate frameworks
3) engaging the community
4) evaluating/disseminating lessons learned by key stakeholders
What are the key questions to ask when doing evidence-based public health - Answer - What
is the health problem
- What is causing or contributing to this health problem
- What do we know works to help reduce the impact of this health problem?
- How can we get this done?
- How well do we know that whatever we implemented really works?
What is the P.E.R.I.E process? - Answer a framework for defining, analyzing and addressing a
wide range if public health issues
Problem: What is the health problem
Etiology: What are the causes
Recommendations: What works to reduce the health impacts
Implementation: How can we get the job done
Evaluation: How well do the interventions work in practice
, Describe/Define each step of the P.E.R.I.E process. What activities are involved in each step? -
Answer Problem:Identify the health problem and assess its burden, course, and distribution
Etiology: Investigate contributory causes and population vulnerabilities
Recommendations: Determine what works to reduce health impacts (e.g., guidelines,
remediation strategies)
Implementation: Decide how to get the job done (e.g., policy changes, community
collaboration)
Evaluation: Monitor changes and use feedback to refine programs
How is the problem described in terms of its burden? - Answer Described by the occurrence
of disability (morbidity) and death (mortality)
How is the problem described in terms of its course? - Answer How often a disease occurs,
its current likelihood, and what happens once it occurs
How is the problem described in terms of its etiology? - Answer The study of the causes of
the problem
What is incidence rate? - Answer The chance of developing a disease over a period of time
# new cases in a year / # of people in the risk population
What is prevalence? - Answer The proportion or percentage of individuals who have the
disease at a point in time
# of people living with a particular disease / # of people in the at risk population
What is case fatality rate? - Answer the proportion of the individuals diagnosed with a
disease, who die from the disease
# of people who died from the disease / total # of people w/ the disease
How does distribution help generate hypotheses about etiology? - Answer identifying group
associations
What are some of the reasons a change in the burden, course or distribution of health issues
may not be a real change? - Answer changes in interest, identity, and definition
Correct Answers 2026 Updated.
What is evidence? - Answer scientific data that is appropriate and sufficient to support the
claim
What are the 3 different types of evidence? - Answer 1) Scientific: peer reviewed journals,
systematic reviews
2) Data: public health surveillance, qualitative data
3) Personal: word of mouth, judgement
What is evidence-based public health? - Answer making public health decisions on the basis
of the best available scientific evidence
What are the 4 components of evidence-based public health? - Answer 1) use sound data
and information systems
2) apply appropriate frameworks
3) engaging the community
4) evaluating/disseminating lessons learned by key stakeholders
What are the key questions to ask when doing evidence-based public health - Answer - What
is the health problem
- What is causing or contributing to this health problem
- What do we know works to help reduce the impact of this health problem?
- How can we get this done?
- How well do we know that whatever we implemented really works?
What is the P.E.R.I.E process? - Answer a framework for defining, analyzing and addressing a
wide range if public health issues
Problem: What is the health problem
Etiology: What are the causes
Recommendations: What works to reduce the health impacts
Implementation: How can we get the job done
Evaluation: How well do the interventions work in practice
, Describe/Define each step of the P.E.R.I.E process. What activities are involved in each step? -
Answer Problem:Identify the health problem and assess its burden, course, and distribution
Etiology: Investigate contributory causes and population vulnerabilities
Recommendations: Determine what works to reduce health impacts (e.g., guidelines,
remediation strategies)
Implementation: Decide how to get the job done (e.g., policy changes, community
collaboration)
Evaluation: Monitor changes and use feedback to refine programs
How is the problem described in terms of its burden? - Answer Described by the occurrence
of disability (morbidity) and death (mortality)
How is the problem described in terms of its course? - Answer How often a disease occurs,
its current likelihood, and what happens once it occurs
How is the problem described in terms of its etiology? - Answer The study of the causes of
the problem
What is incidence rate? - Answer The chance of developing a disease over a period of time
# new cases in a year / # of people in the risk population
What is prevalence? - Answer The proportion or percentage of individuals who have the
disease at a point in time
# of people living with a particular disease / # of people in the at risk population
What is case fatality rate? - Answer the proportion of the individuals diagnosed with a
disease, who die from the disease
# of people who died from the disease / total # of people w/ the disease
How does distribution help generate hypotheses about etiology? - Answer identifying group
associations
What are some of the reasons a change in the burden, course or distribution of health issues
may not be a real change? - Answer changes in interest, identity, and definition
