N204 Final Exam Prep Contemporary Nursing -
Cherry With Complete Solutions
Who is Florence Nightingale? - ANSWER Founder of modern nursing, created
the Environmental theory and used an "hands on" approach to teaching aka the
apprenticeship model.
Who is Isabel Hampton? - ANSWER Created the Society of Superintendents of
Training Schools for the Nurses of the US/Canada (later called NLN) to promote
fellowship of members, to establish and maintain a universal standard of
training, and to further the best interests of the nursing profession.
Who are Lilian Wald and Mary Brewster? - ANSWER Creators of Public Health
Nursing
Who is Mildred Montag? - ANSWER Creator of the associates degree nursing
program
Who are Mary Adelaide Nutting and Isabel Stewart? - ANSWER Creators of the
post-diploma hospital economics program
Who are Loretta Ford and Henry Silver? - ANSWER Creators of the first pediatric
NP program
What is the importance of the Crimean War in nursing? - ANSWER Florence
Nightingale brought a team of 38volunteer nurses out into the field and helped
bring the field of public health to national attention.
What importance does the Spanish-American War play in nursing? - ANSWER
The Spanish-American War was the first war involving the United States in which
nurses were assigned as a special, quasi-military unit.
What importance does WWII play in nursing? - ANSWER Created the
stratification in nursing roles; waning of discrimination against African American
nurses.
What importance does post WWII era play in nursing? - ANSWER Several
advances in technology within the nursing field happened after WWII.
,Define: Nightingale's Environmental Theory - ANSWER Environment as the focus
of nursing care (Grand theory)
Define: Roger's Science of Unitary Human Beings - ANSWER Nurses view a
patient as a unique, dynamic energy field in constant energy exchange with the
environment; (grand theory)
Define: Orem - Self Care Deficit Theory - ANSWER Meets self-care needs by
acting or doing for, guiding, teaching, supporting, or providing the environment
to promote patient's ability
Define: Roy's Adaptation Model - ANSWER Nurses help a patient cope with or
adapt to changes in physiological, self-concept, role function, and
interdependence domains (Grand theory)
Define: Neuman's Systems Model - ANSWER Theory based on the individual's
relationship to stress, the reaction to it, and reconstitution factors that are
dynamic in nature.
Define: Watson's Philosophy and Science of Caring - ANSWER Nurses
understand that caring is a fundamental component of professional nursing
practice and is based on 10 carative factors. Caring occurs when a nurse and
patient engage in a transpersonal relationship that facilitates the patient's ability
for self-healing. (Grand theory)
Peplau's Interpersonal Process - ANSWER Hildegard Peplau is considered to be
the mother of psychiatric nursing; the focus of her middle-range theory includes
interpersonal relations among a nurse, a patient, and a patient's family and
developing the nurse-patient relationship.
King's Theory of Goal Attainment - ANSWER Nurses view a patient as a unique
personal system that is constantly interacting/transacting with other systems
(e.g., nurse, family, friends); nurses help patients become active participants in
their care by working with them to establish goals for attaining, restoring, or
maintaining health.
Leininger's Culture Care Theory - ANSWER Theory of cultural care diversity and
universality, integrates patients' cultural traditions, values and beliefs into care
plans (Middle-range theory)
Lazarus Theory of Stress - ANSWER 2 stages of appraisal of stress:
1. Identifying the stressor and seeing if it affects you (irrelevnt, benign or
stressful)
2. Identifying the way the stress can be managed or mitigated or if one can even
respond to it
, Erikson's Theory of Development - ANSWER Posits stages of development in
terms of the interaction between self and society experienced across society,
with each stage presenting a crisis that must be resolved
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - ANSWER (1) physiological
(2) safety
(3) love/belonging
(4) esteem
(5) self-actualization
What are the phases of the Nurse-Patient Therapeutic Relationship? - ANSWER
1. Pre-interaction
2. Orientation
3. Working
4. Termination
What is the pre-interaction phase? - ANSWER Occurs before nurse meets client.
RN's initial task is self-assessment (what are my prejudices, misconceptions,
biases, fears?). Includes pre-clinical (research, background).
What is the orientation phase? - ANSWER Find out why pt is seeking help. You
develop trust by identify pt feelings, thoughts, and action.
Define pt goals and define roles and expectations, Make a contract for
intervention.
What is the working phase? - ANSWER Help pt develop insight by linking
perceptions, thoughts, feelings, and actions. Resistance behaviors common at
this stage.
What is the termination stage? - ANSWER the final phase and the period when a
patient's goals are assessed and the relationship comes to an end. The goal is to
foster independence on the part of the patient.
Name some therapeutic techniques when conversing with patients? - ANSWER
Listening, broad openings, restating, clarification, reflection, humor,
information, focusing, sharing perceptions, theme identification, silence,
suggesting.
Touch is also therapeutic but you must ALWAYS get permission first before
doing so.
Name some barriers to communication. - ANSWER Physical separation or
barriers
Status differences
Gender differences
Cultural diversity
Cherry With Complete Solutions
Who is Florence Nightingale? - ANSWER Founder of modern nursing, created
the Environmental theory and used an "hands on" approach to teaching aka the
apprenticeship model.
Who is Isabel Hampton? - ANSWER Created the Society of Superintendents of
Training Schools for the Nurses of the US/Canada (later called NLN) to promote
fellowship of members, to establish and maintain a universal standard of
training, and to further the best interests of the nursing profession.
Who are Lilian Wald and Mary Brewster? - ANSWER Creators of Public Health
Nursing
Who is Mildred Montag? - ANSWER Creator of the associates degree nursing
program
Who are Mary Adelaide Nutting and Isabel Stewart? - ANSWER Creators of the
post-diploma hospital economics program
Who are Loretta Ford and Henry Silver? - ANSWER Creators of the first pediatric
NP program
What is the importance of the Crimean War in nursing? - ANSWER Florence
Nightingale brought a team of 38volunteer nurses out into the field and helped
bring the field of public health to national attention.
What importance does the Spanish-American War play in nursing? - ANSWER
The Spanish-American War was the first war involving the United States in which
nurses were assigned as a special, quasi-military unit.
What importance does WWII play in nursing? - ANSWER Created the
stratification in nursing roles; waning of discrimination against African American
nurses.
What importance does post WWII era play in nursing? - ANSWER Several
advances in technology within the nursing field happened after WWII.
,Define: Nightingale's Environmental Theory - ANSWER Environment as the focus
of nursing care (Grand theory)
Define: Roger's Science of Unitary Human Beings - ANSWER Nurses view a
patient as a unique, dynamic energy field in constant energy exchange with the
environment; (grand theory)
Define: Orem - Self Care Deficit Theory - ANSWER Meets self-care needs by
acting or doing for, guiding, teaching, supporting, or providing the environment
to promote patient's ability
Define: Roy's Adaptation Model - ANSWER Nurses help a patient cope with or
adapt to changes in physiological, self-concept, role function, and
interdependence domains (Grand theory)
Define: Neuman's Systems Model - ANSWER Theory based on the individual's
relationship to stress, the reaction to it, and reconstitution factors that are
dynamic in nature.
Define: Watson's Philosophy and Science of Caring - ANSWER Nurses
understand that caring is a fundamental component of professional nursing
practice and is based on 10 carative factors. Caring occurs when a nurse and
patient engage in a transpersonal relationship that facilitates the patient's ability
for self-healing. (Grand theory)
Peplau's Interpersonal Process - ANSWER Hildegard Peplau is considered to be
the mother of psychiatric nursing; the focus of her middle-range theory includes
interpersonal relations among a nurse, a patient, and a patient's family and
developing the nurse-patient relationship.
King's Theory of Goal Attainment - ANSWER Nurses view a patient as a unique
personal system that is constantly interacting/transacting with other systems
(e.g., nurse, family, friends); nurses help patients become active participants in
their care by working with them to establish goals for attaining, restoring, or
maintaining health.
Leininger's Culture Care Theory - ANSWER Theory of cultural care diversity and
universality, integrates patients' cultural traditions, values and beliefs into care
plans (Middle-range theory)
Lazarus Theory of Stress - ANSWER 2 stages of appraisal of stress:
1. Identifying the stressor and seeing if it affects you (irrelevnt, benign or
stressful)
2. Identifying the way the stress can be managed or mitigated or if one can even
respond to it
, Erikson's Theory of Development - ANSWER Posits stages of development in
terms of the interaction between self and society experienced across society,
with each stage presenting a crisis that must be resolved
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - ANSWER (1) physiological
(2) safety
(3) love/belonging
(4) esteem
(5) self-actualization
What are the phases of the Nurse-Patient Therapeutic Relationship? - ANSWER
1. Pre-interaction
2. Orientation
3. Working
4. Termination
What is the pre-interaction phase? - ANSWER Occurs before nurse meets client.
RN's initial task is self-assessment (what are my prejudices, misconceptions,
biases, fears?). Includes pre-clinical (research, background).
What is the orientation phase? - ANSWER Find out why pt is seeking help. You
develop trust by identify pt feelings, thoughts, and action.
Define pt goals and define roles and expectations, Make a contract for
intervention.
What is the working phase? - ANSWER Help pt develop insight by linking
perceptions, thoughts, feelings, and actions. Resistance behaviors common at
this stage.
What is the termination stage? - ANSWER the final phase and the period when a
patient's goals are assessed and the relationship comes to an end. The goal is to
foster independence on the part of the patient.
Name some therapeutic techniques when conversing with patients? - ANSWER
Listening, broad openings, restating, clarification, reflection, humor,
information, focusing, sharing perceptions, theme identification, silence,
suggesting.
Touch is also therapeutic but you must ALWAYS get permission first before
doing so.
Name some barriers to communication. - ANSWER Physical separation or
barriers
Status differences
Gender differences
Cultural diversity
