PSYCH 333 FINAL EXAM – Psychology course comprehensive exam material
The primary limitation of the correlation method deals with: - correct answer ✔✔determining
cause & effect
In the context of the clinical method used in personality research, a _____ refers to a detailed
history of an individual that contains data from a variety of sources. - correct answer ✔✔case
study
Which of the following is true about the role of theories in the study of personality? - correct
answer ✔✔theories help us to understand, predict, and change beavior
A main reason for administering an online self-report inventory is that: - correct answer ✔✔it
prevents test-takers from looking ahead at questions
Which of the following is true of the principle of reliability that is used in personality
assessment? - correct answer ✔✔it involves the consistency of response to an assessment
device
Identify a cultural difference between individualism and collectivism. - correct answer ✔✔the
levels of anxiety and depression have been found to be lower in collectivistic cultures than in
individaualistic ones
The personality of an individual is _____. - correct answer ✔✔a unique cluster of characteristics
We research theories of personality to: - correct answer ✔✔describe their use for real-world
problems.
,Which of the following statements can be used to sum up personality? - correct answer
✔✔personality is how we perceive ourselves and how others perceive us
In the past, _____ were more likely to be used in research on personality theory. - correct
answer ✔✔white men
Self-report measures of personality are advantageous because: - correct answer ✔✔they are
designed and automated to be scored quickly
A person from a collectivist society is more likely to focus on: - correct answer ✔✔group values
Online or virtual research is advantageous because: - correct answer ✔✔studies conducted on
the web are cheaper and lead to faster responses
Which of the following is true of the assumptions made by early personality theorists? - correct
answer ✔✔Personality theories were valid for all people, regardless of gender and race
In experimental research, the _____ variable is the one manipulated by the experimenter. -
correct answer ✔✔independent
The purpose of Freud's techniques of dream analysis and free association: - correct answer
✔✔is to evaluate, assess, or find the unconscious
Freud used the case study method for his psychological research. One of the disadvantages of
this method is that: - correct answer ✔✔he used a small and unrepresentative sample of those
he studied.
According to Freud, _____ is the form of psychic energy, manifested by the life instincts, that
drives a person toward pleasurable behaviors and thoughts. - correct answer ✔✔libido
,Freud regarded _____ as our primary motivation. - correct answer ✔✔sex
All of the following are valid criticisms of Freudian psychoanalysis except that: - correct answer
✔✔Freud failed to consider the impact of biological forces.
According to Freud, what are the two primary types of instincts? - correct answer ✔✔life and
death
Which of the following statements is true of instincts as described by Freud? - correct answer
✔✔The aim of an instinct is to satisfy a need and thereby reduce feelings of tension.
Freud made _____ an important part of his personality theory, asserting that it is fundamental
to the development of all neurotic and psychotic behavior. - correct answer ✔✔anxiety
Of the three levels of personality, the _____ strives for immediate satisfaction of its needs and
does not tolerate delay or postponement of satisfaction for any reason. - correct answer ✔✔id
Freud's research can be criticized for all of the following points except: - correct answer ✔✔he
did not look deeply into the psyche.
According to Freud, _____ are the motivating forces that drive behavior and determine its
direction. - correct answer ✔✔instincts
Sigmund Freud's theory of personality and system of therapy for treating mental disorders is
known as _____. - correct answer ✔✔psychoanalysis
Freud believed _____ to be the primary cause of all neuroses. - correct answer ✔✔sexual
conflicts
, The _____ includes all the sensations and experiences of which we are aware at any given
moment. - correct answer ✔✔conscious
All of the following are associated with Freud's investigation of the unconscious except: - correct
answer ✔✔questionnaires
According to Jung's principle of _____, if two desires or beliefs differ greatly in intensity or
psychic value, energy will flow from the more strongly held to the weaker. - correct answer
✔✔entropy
Which of the following is true of the shadow archetype? - correct answer ✔✔The behaviors
that society considers evil and immoral reside in the shadow.
Identify an area of disagreement between Jung and Freud. - correct answer ✔✔The existence of
the unconscious
Jung proposed all of the following major archetypes except the _____. - correct answer ✔✔ego
Which of the following applies to the mental attitudes of extraversion and introversion? -
correct answer ✔✔all of these are correct
Which of the following is grouped as rational psychological functions? - correct answer
✔✔thinking and feeling
According to Jung's principle of entropy, if a perfect balance of psychic energy is attained over
all the aspects of a personality: - correct answer ✔✔the personality would have no psychic
energy.
The primary limitation of the correlation method deals with: - correct answer ✔✔determining
cause & effect
In the context of the clinical method used in personality research, a _____ refers to a detailed
history of an individual that contains data from a variety of sources. - correct answer ✔✔case
study
Which of the following is true about the role of theories in the study of personality? - correct
answer ✔✔theories help us to understand, predict, and change beavior
A main reason for administering an online self-report inventory is that: - correct answer ✔✔it
prevents test-takers from looking ahead at questions
Which of the following is true of the principle of reliability that is used in personality
assessment? - correct answer ✔✔it involves the consistency of response to an assessment
device
Identify a cultural difference between individualism and collectivism. - correct answer ✔✔the
levels of anxiety and depression have been found to be lower in collectivistic cultures than in
individaualistic ones
The personality of an individual is _____. - correct answer ✔✔a unique cluster of characteristics
We research theories of personality to: - correct answer ✔✔describe their use for real-world
problems.
,Which of the following statements can be used to sum up personality? - correct answer
✔✔personality is how we perceive ourselves and how others perceive us
In the past, _____ were more likely to be used in research on personality theory. - correct
answer ✔✔white men
Self-report measures of personality are advantageous because: - correct answer ✔✔they are
designed and automated to be scored quickly
A person from a collectivist society is more likely to focus on: - correct answer ✔✔group values
Online or virtual research is advantageous because: - correct answer ✔✔studies conducted on
the web are cheaper and lead to faster responses
Which of the following is true of the assumptions made by early personality theorists? - correct
answer ✔✔Personality theories were valid for all people, regardless of gender and race
In experimental research, the _____ variable is the one manipulated by the experimenter. -
correct answer ✔✔independent
The purpose of Freud's techniques of dream analysis and free association: - correct answer
✔✔is to evaluate, assess, or find the unconscious
Freud used the case study method for his psychological research. One of the disadvantages of
this method is that: - correct answer ✔✔he used a small and unrepresentative sample of those
he studied.
According to Freud, _____ is the form of psychic energy, manifested by the life instincts, that
drives a person toward pleasurable behaviors and thoughts. - correct answer ✔✔libido
,Freud regarded _____ as our primary motivation. - correct answer ✔✔sex
All of the following are valid criticisms of Freudian psychoanalysis except that: - correct answer
✔✔Freud failed to consider the impact of biological forces.
According to Freud, what are the two primary types of instincts? - correct answer ✔✔life and
death
Which of the following statements is true of instincts as described by Freud? - correct answer
✔✔The aim of an instinct is to satisfy a need and thereby reduce feelings of tension.
Freud made _____ an important part of his personality theory, asserting that it is fundamental
to the development of all neurotic and psychotic behavior. - correct answer ✔✔anxiety
Of the three levels of personality, the _____ strives for immediate satisfaction of its needs and
does not tolerate delay or postponement of satisfaction for any reason. - correct answer ✔✔id
Freud's research can be criticized for all of the following points except: - correct answer ✔✔he
did not look deeply into the psyche.
According to Freud, _____ are the motivating forces that drive behavior and determine its
direction. - correct answer ✔✔instincts
Sigmund Freud's theory of personality and system of therapy for treating mental disorders is
known as _____. - correct answer ✔✔psychoanalysis
Freud believed _____ to be the primary cause of all neuroses. - correct answer ✔✔sexual
conflicts
, The _____ includes all the sensations and experiences of which we are aware at any given
moment. - correct answer ✔✔conscious
All of the following are associated with Freud's investigation of the unconscious except: - correct
answer ✔✔questionnaires
According to Jung's principle of _____, if two desires or beliefs differ greatly in intensity or
psychic value, energy will flow from the more strongly held to the weaker. - correct answer
✔✔entropy
Which of the following is true of the shadow archetype? - correct answer ✔✔The behaviors
that society considers evil and immoral reside in the shadow.
Identify an area of disagreement between Jung and Freud. - correct answer ✔✔The existence of
the unconscious
Jung proposed all of the following major archetypes except the _____. - correct answer ✔✔ego
Which of the following applies to the mental attitudes of extraversion and introversion? -
correct answer ✔✔all of these are correct
Which of the following is grouped as rational psychological functions? - correct answer
✔✔thinking and feeling
According to Jung's principle of entropy, if a perfect balance of psychic energy is attained over
all the aspects of a personality: - correct answer ✔✔the personality would have no psychic
energy.
