NURS 4010 TEST 1 VERIFIED TEST BANK 2025 QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS (A+ GUIDE)
CAT scan in mental health
looks for structural changes in the brain
diencephalon
hypothalamus, thalamus, limbic system
limbic system
-emotional system
-joy, hope, anger, fear, sexuality
neuroendocrinology
-stimulus signals hypothalamus to produce hormones which then signals endocrine
glands to produce other hormones
-anterior pituitary hormones: GH, PRL, FSH, LH, TSH, ACTH
-cortisol
cortisol
-STRESS
-consistent high levels of cortisol- obesity, CV disease
,thyroid
-hyperthyroidism may cause or mimic anxiety symptoms- hyperactivity pressured speech
(TSH less than 0.04)
-hypothyroidism may mimic depression
-have to have head to toe medical exam within 24 hr then battery of tests
-thyroid test is most common because can mimic symptoms
-need to rule out physical issues to see if it is mental illness
neurotransmitters
-responsible for essential function of human emotion & behavior
-target for mechanism of action of many psychotropic medications
-NT affect limbic system
cholinergics (acetylcholine)
-associated w depression, motor behavior disorder, memory problems, parkinson's,
alzheimer's
monoamines (norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, histamine)
-many medications address this, schizo is too much dopamine, not enough may cause
parkinson's
-serotonin- happy NT, feel good, dec when someone depressed, inc with anxiety
,-norepinephrine- autonomic SNS, fight or flight, anxiety disorders will be inc, higher when
mania w bipolar, slight inc with schizophrenia
-dopamine- movement, emotion, pleasure center, drugs target dopamine center (heronine,
cocaine), what people chase with addiction, sexual pleasure center, dec with depresion
amino acids (GABA, Glycine, glutamate/ aspartate)
-GABA- dec w anxiety and schizo
-glutamate- dec w schizo, inc w anxiety and depression
neuropeptides (endorphins & enkephalins, substance P)
help us with pain
transmission of NT
-the action of psychotropic medications is to inc or dec NT at the synapse
diagnostic tests w mental health
-most psych pt will have these
-Electroencephalography (EEG)
-Computerized EEG mapping
-Computed tomographic scan (CT)
-Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
-Positron emission tomography (PET)- have to have IV w radioactive tag on glucose, see
how brain uses glucose and how sensitive it is to glucose
, -Single-photon emission -computed tomography
-MRI & CT- structural changes, can be different w different disease processes
immune system
stress impact on the development of an illness
sleep
-how have you been sleeping?
-are you sleeping all the time?
-can not sleep for 3-4 days in manic state?
-sleep is very important indicator on how mental state is
-what happens when we don't sleep- correlated to when intoxicated, judgement impaired,
can magnify mental health issues
-nightmares happen in REM sleep (PTSD)
circadian rhythms
-the master clock that controls circadian rhythms is located in the hypothalamus
-messed up w night shift, time zones
-hyperzombulance- sleep a lot
-restless leg syndrome
-sleep apnea
-CV disease
-latency disorder where it takes forever to go to sleep
ANSWERS (A+ GUIDE)
CAT scan in mental health
looks for structural changes in the brain
diencephalon
hypothalamus, thalamus, limbic system
limbic system
-emotional system
-joy, hope, anger, fear, sexuality
neuroendocrinology
-stimulus signals hypothalamus to produce hormones which then signals endocrine
glands to produce other hormones
-anterior pituitary hormones: GH, PRL, FSH, LH, TSH, ACTH
-cortisol
cortisol
-STRESS
-consistent high levels of cortisol- obesity, CV disease
,thyroid
-hyperthyroidism may cause or mimic anxiety symptoms- hyperactivity pressured speech
(TSH less than 0.04)
-hypothyroidism may mimic depression
-have to have head to toe medical exam within 24 hr then battery of tests
-thyroid test is most common because can mimic symptoms
-need to rule out physical issues to see if it is mental illness
neurotransmitters
-responsible for essential function of human emotion & behavior
-target for mechanism of action of many psychotropic medications
-NT affect limbic system
cholinergics (acetylcholine)
-associated w depression, motor behavior disorder, memory problems, parkinson's,
alzheimer's
monoamines (norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, histamine)
-many medications address this, schizo is too much dopamine, not enough may cause
parkinson's
-serotonin- happy NT, feel good, dec when someone depressed, inc with anxiety
,-norepinephrine- autonomic SNS, fight or flight, anxiety disorders will be inc, higher when
mania w bipolar, slight inc with schizophrenia
-dopamine- movement, emotion, pleasure center, drugs target dopamine center (heronine,
cocaine), what people chase with addiction, sexual pleasure center, dec with depresion
amino acids (GABA, Glycine, glutamate/ aspartate)
-GABA- dec w anxiety and schizo
-glutamate- dec w schizo, inc w anxiety and depression
neuropeptides (endorphins & enkephalins, substance P)
help us with pain
transmission of NT
-the action of psychotropic medications is to inc or dec NT at the synapse
diagnostic tests w mental health
-most psych pt will have these
-Electroencephalography (EEG)
-Computerized EEG mapping
-Computed tomographic scan (CT)
-Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
-Positron emission tomography (PET)- have to have IV w radioactive tag on glucose, see
how brain uses glucose and how sensitive it is to glucose
, -Single-photon emission -computed tomography
-MRI & CT- structural changes, can be different w different disease processes
immune system
stress impact on the development of an illness
sleep
-how have you been sleeping?
-are you sleeping all the time?
-can not sleep for 3-4 days in manic state?
-sleep is very important indicator on how mental state is
-what happens when we don't sleep- correlated to when intoxicated, judgement impaired,
can magnify mental health issues
-nightmares happen in REM sleep (PTSD)
circadian rhythms
-the master clock that controls circadian rhythms is located in the hypothalamus
-messed up w night shift, time zones
-hyperzombulance- sleep a lot
-restless leg syndrome
-sleep apnea
-CV disease
-latency disorder where it takes forever to go to sleep
