PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 9TH EDITION MCCANCE TEST BANK
NURSINGTB.COM
, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 9TH EDITION MCCANCE TEST BANK
Chapter 1: Cellular Biology
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
a. Cells can produce proteins. c. Cells can take in and use nutrients.
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes. d. Cells can synthesize fats.
ANS: C
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances
from t heir surroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their descr
iptions of cell ular metabolic absorption.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 2
2. Most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, is contained in
the:
a. Mitochondria c. Nucleolus
b. Ribosome d. Lysosome
ANS: C
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of
RNA, most of the cellular DNA, and the DNA-
binding proteins, such as the histones, which regulate its activity. The other
options do not contain most of a cell’s genetic information.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 2
3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (HNURSINGTB.COM
2O2) by using oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates i
n an oxidat ive reaction?
a. Lysosomes c. Ribosomes
b. Peroxisomes d. Oxyhydrosomes
ANS: B
Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use o
xygen to re move hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative
reaction that produces H2O2, which is a powerful oxidant and potentially
destructive if it accumulates or esca pes from peroxisomes. Ribosomes are
RNA-
protein complexes (nucleoproteins) that are synthesized in the nucleolus and
secreted i nto the cytoplasm through pores in the nuclear envelope called n
uclear pore complexe
s. Lysosomes are saclike structures that originate from the Golgi complex
and contain more than 40 digestive enzymes called hydrolases, which cataly
ze bonds in proteins, li pids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. Oxyhydrosome
s are involved in enzyme produc tion.
NURSINGTB.COM
, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 9TH EDITION MCCANCE TEST BANK
PTS: 1 REF: Page 8
4. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is release
d during cel l injury?
a. Ribosome c. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
b. Golgi complex d. Lysosomes
ANS: D
The lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield between the powerful digesti
ve en zymes within the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing their leakage into
the cytopl asmic matrix. Disruption of the membrane by various treatments
or cellular injury lead s to a release of the lysosomal enzymes, which can the
n react with their specific subst rates, causing cellular self-
digestion. The other options do not correctly describe this process.
PTS: 1 REF: Pages 7-8
5. What is the sequence of steps in the development of a digestive enzyme b
y the pancrea s cells from the initial transcription to the release from the
cell?
a. The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proceeds
to the ribo some for synthesis, and is transported in a secretory vesi
cle to the cell membrane.
b. The enzyme is transcribed from RNA by DNA in the nucleus, proceeds
to the lyso some for synthesis, and is transported in an encapsulated
membrane to the cell me mbrane.
c. The enzyme is transcribed by the mitochondria in the nucleus, proceeds
to the ribo some for synthesis, and is transported in a cytoskeleton t
o the cell membrane.
d. The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proce
eds to the Golgi complex for synthesis, and is transported in a cytosol
to the cell membrane.
ANS: A
The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proceeds
to the riboso me for synthesis, and is transported in a secretory vesicle to
the cell membrane. The o ther options do not correctly describe this pro
cess.
NURSINGTB.COM
PTS: 1 REF: Page 7 | Figure 1-5
6. During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
a. G1 c. G2
b. S d. M
ANS: B
The four designated phases of the cell cycle are: (1) the G1 phase (G =
gap), which is the period between the M phase (M = mitosis) and the
start of DNA synthesis; (2) th e S phase (S = synthesis), during which
DNA is synthesized in the cell nucleus; (3) th e G2 phase, during which
RNA and protein synthesis occurs, the period between the c ompletion of DNA
synthesis and the next phase (M); and (4) the M phase, which incl udes nucl
ear and cytoplasmic division.
NURSINGTB.COM
, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 9TH EDITION MCCANCE TEST BANK
PTS: 1 REF: Page 37
NURSINGTB.COM
NURSINGTB.COM
, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 9TH EDITION MCCANCE TEST BANK
Chapter 1: Cellular Biology
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
a. Cells can produce proteins. c. Cells can take in and use nutrients.
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes. d. Cells can synthesize fats.
ANS: C
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances
from t heir surroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their descr
iptions of cell ular metabolic absorption.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 2
2. Most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, is contained in
the:
a. Mitochondria c. Nucleolus
b. Ribosome d. Lysosome
ANS: C
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of
RNA, most of the cellular DNA, and the DNA-
binding proteins, such as the histones, which regulate its activity. The other
options do not contain most of a cell’s genetic information.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 2
3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (HNURSINGTB.COM
2O2) by using oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates i
n an oxidat ive reaction?
a. Lysosomes c. Ribosomes
b. Peroxisomes d. Oxyhydrosomes
ANS: B
Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use o
xygen to re move hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative
reaction that produces H2O2, which is a powerful oxidant and potentially
destructive if it accumulates or esca pes from peroxisomes. Ribosomes are
RNA-
protein complexes (nucleoproteins) that are synthesized in the nucleolus and
secreted i nto the cytoplasm through pores in the nuclear envelope called n
uclear pore complexe
s. Lysosomes are saclike structures that originate from the Golgi complex
and contain more than 40 digestive enzymes called hydrolases, which cataly
ze bonds in proteins, li pids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. Oxyhydrosome
s are involved in enzyme produc tion.
NURSINGTB.COM
, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 9TH EDITION MCCANCE TEST BANK
PTS: 1 REF: Page 8
4. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is release
d during cel l injury?
a. Ribosome c. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
b. Golgi complex d. Lysosomes
ANS: D
The lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield between the powerful digesti
ve en zymes within the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing their leakage into
the cytopl asmic matrix. Disruption of the membrane by various treatments
or cellular injury lead s to a release of the lysosomal enzymes, which can the
n react with their specific subst rates, causing cellular self-
digestion. The other options do not correctly describe this process.
PTS: 1 REF: Pages 7-8
5. What is the sequence of steps in the development of a digestive enzyme b
y the pancrea s cells from the initial transcription to the release from the
cell?
a. The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proceeds
to the ribo some for synthesis, and is transported in a secretory vesi
cle to the cell membrane.
b. The enzyme is transcribed from RNA by DNA in the nucleus, proceeds
to the lyso some for synthesis, and is transported in an encapsulated
membrane to the cell me mbrane.
c. The enzyme is transcribed by the mitochondria in the nucleus, proceeds
to the ribo some for synthesis, and is transported in a cytoskeleton t
o the cell membrane.
d. The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proce
eds to the Golgi complex for synthesis, and is transported in a cytosol
to the cell membrane.
ANS: A
The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proceeds
to the riboso me for synthesis, and is transported in a secretory vesicle to
the cell membrane. The o ther options do not correctly describe this pro
cess.
NURSINGTB.COM
PTS: 1 REF: Page 7 | Figure 1-5
6. During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
a. G1 c. G2
b. S d. M
ANS: B
The four designated phases of the cell cycle are: (1) the G1 phase (G =
gap), which is the period between the M phase (M = mitosis) and the
start of DNA synthesis; (2) th e S phase (S = synthesis), during which
DNA is synthesized in the cell nucleus; (3) th e G2 phase, during which
RNA and protein synthesis occurs, the period between the c ompletion of DNA
synthesis and the next phase (M); and (4) the M phase, which incl udes nucl
ear and cytoplasmic division.
NURSINGTB.COM
, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 9TH EDITION MCCANCE TEST BANK
PTS: 1 REF: Page 37
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