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Chapter 01: Ethics and Professionalism
z! z! z! z!
Beemsterboer: Ethics and Law in Dental Hygiene, 4th Edition z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
MULTIPLE CHOICE z!
1. When was the inception of the profession of dental hygiene?
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
a. In ancient Greece z! z!
b. In the early 1800s z! z! z!
c. In the early 1900s z! z! z!
d. In 1979 z!
ANS: C z !
The scope of practice of a dental hygienist was first established by law in Connecticut in 191
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
5. Alfred C. Fones taught his dental assistant, Irene Newman, to treat patients and to teach the
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
m to maintain their mouths in a clean state. In 1913, Fones established the first school for den
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
tal hygienists in Bridgeport, Connecticut. The first oath written for dental hygienists called up
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
on Apollo and Hygeia, who were the Greek god and goddess of health, respectively. A moder
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
nized version of the first oath was adopted by the Board of Trustees of the American Dental
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
Hygienists’ Association (ADHA) in 1979. z! z! z! z!
DIF: Recall REF: p. 3 OBJ: 1 z!z! z! z ! z !
TOP: 7.0 Professional Responsibility | 7.1 Ethical Principles, including informed consent
z ! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
2. Which member of the dental team is the primary oral preventive therapist?
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
a. Dentist
b. Dental hygienist z!
c. Dental assistant z!
d. Receptionist
ANS: B z !
The dental hygienist is the oral preventive therapist in the dental office. The dentists who pion
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
eered this special field of endeavor had a vision of the day when dental disease could be preve
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
nted by following a system of treatment and cleanliness. The dentist is primarily concerned wi
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
th restorative treatment, although he or she also shares in preventing oral disease. The dental as
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
sistant assists the dentist and may assist the dental hygienist as well. The receptionist greets p
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
atients and may help with the business and financial aspects of the practice.
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
DIF: Recall REF: p. 4 OBJ: 1 z!z! z! z ! z !
TOP: 7.0 Professional Responsibility | 7.4 General
z ! z! z! z! z! z!
3. The dental hygiene oath is revised by action of which of the following professional
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
organizations?
a. The American Dental Association (ADA)
z! z! z! z!
b. The American Dental Hygienists’Association (ADHA)
z! z! z! z! z!
c. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
z! z! z! z! z! z!
d. The Organization for Safety, Asepsis, and Prevention (OSAP)
z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
e. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA)z! z! z! z! z!
ANS: B z !
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, Stuvia.comz!-
z! Thez! Marketplacez!toz! Buyz! andz! Sellz! yourz! Studyz! Material
The first dental hygiene oath was adopted by the Board of Trustees of the American Dental H
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
ygienists’Association (ADHA) in 1979 and is still in use today. The oath may be seen at the fol
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
lowing website (www.adha.org/aboutadha/dhoath.htm). The American Dental Association has
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
an oath for dentists. A copy of each oath may be found in the textbook.
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
DIF: Recall REF: p. 3 OBJ: 1 z!z! z! z ! z !
TOP: 7.0 Professional Responsibility | 7.4 General
z ! z! z! z! z! z!
4. Society recognizes that health care providers are held to a higher standard than legislative
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
mandate. These higher standards are expressed in professional codes of ethics and are en
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
forced by the legal system.
z! z! z! z!
a. Both statements are true. z! z! z!
b. Both statements are false. z! z! z!
c. The first statement is true, the second statement is false.
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
d. The first statement is false, the second statement is true.
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
ANS: C z !
Health care providers are held to a higher standard than can be expressed exclusively by legisl
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
ative mandate. While it is true that these higher standards are expressed in professional codes o
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
f ethics, they are enforced by those within the profession rather than by the legal system. Impo
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
rtant components of this enforcement include self-regulation and submission to peer review.
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 4 z ! z!
OBJ: 1 TOP: 7.0 Professional Responsibility | 7.4 General
z ! z! z ! z! z! z! z! z!
5. Success is measured by financial gain in the corporate world; however, for the health care
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
professional the patient’s welfare is placed above profit. z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
a. Both the statement and reason are correct and related.
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
b. Both the statement and reason are correct but NOT related.
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
c. The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT.
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
d. The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct.
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
e. NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct. z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
ANS: A z !
Because the welfare of the patient is more important than profit, society has granted the health
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
care professional a certain status that carries prestige, power, and the right to apply special kno
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
wledge and skills. z! z!
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 4 z ! z!
OBJ: 2 TOP: 7.0 Professional Responsibility | 7.4 General
z ! z! z ! z! z! z! z! z!
6. Which of the following is regarded as the most important aspect of the delivery of health care
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z
!services?
a. Technical skill z!
b. Appropriate knowledge z!
c. Critical judgment z!
d. Caring
ANS: D z !
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Distributionz!ofz!thisz!documentz!isz!illegal
, Stuvia.comz!-
z! Thez! Marketplacez!toz! Buyz! andz! Sellz! yourz! Studyz! Material
Although all of the choices are important, caring is regarded as the most important. Patients pe
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
rceive this essence of caring and respond to it. Trust is the critical foundation for the relations
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
hip between the person seeking services and the health care provider. The caring that the patient
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
seeks also gives the provider the greatest opportunity for professional service and satisfaction.
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
DIF: Recall REF: p. 4 OBJ: 2 z!z! z! z ! z !
TOP: 7.0 Professional Responsibility | 7.4 General
z ! z! z! z! z! z!
7. The publication “Medical Professionalism in the New Millennium: A Physician Charter” set
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
out three fundamental principles, including patient welfare, patient autonomy, and the princ
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
iple of social justice, because it is thought this will reinvigorate the value of professionalis
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
m.
a. Both the statement and reason are correct and related.
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
b. Both the statement and reason are correct but NOT related.
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
c. The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT.
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
d. The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct.
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
e. NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct. z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
ANS: A z !
The Physician Charter sets out three fundamental principles that are not new but reinforce the
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
foundation of the medical profession as one of service to others. The ethical principles of the p
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
rimacy of patient welfare (beneficence and nonmaleficence) and patient autonomy are listed fi
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
rst; the principle of social justice is the third main tenet. The desired goal was to reinvigorate th
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
e value of professionalism that includes social responsibility, the ethic of care, and access to th
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
at care, for all members of society.
z! z! z! z! z! z!
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 5 z ! z!
OBJ: 3 TOP: 7.0 Professional Responsibility | 7.4 General
z ! z! z ! z! z! z! z! z!
8. Each of the following is a requirement for licensure of a dental hygienist in the United States
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z
! EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? z! z! z! z! z! z!
a. Completion of a higher education accredited program z! z! z! z! z! z!
b. Graduation from a college or university z! z! z! z! z!
c. Passed a written national board examination z! z! z! z! z!
d. Passed a clinical national board examination z! z! z! z! z!
ANS: D z !
There is no clinical national board examination. The dental hygiene candidate for licensure m
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
ust pass a state or regional clinical examination. Examples of regional boards include the Cou
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
ncil of Interstate Testing Agencies (CITA), the Central Regional Dental Testing Services, Inc. (
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
CRDTS), the Commission on Dental Competency Assessments (CDCA), the Southern Region
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
al Testing Agency, Inc. (SRTA), and the Western Regional Examining Board (WERB).
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 5 z ! z!
OBJ: 3 TOP: 7.0 Professional Responsibility | 7.4 General
z ! z! z ! z! z! z! z! z!
9. Which of the following characteristics is used to separate the professional from the layperson?
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
a. Competency
b. Quality performance z!
c. A specialized body of knowledge and skill of value to society
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
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Chapter 01: Ethics and Professionalism
z! z! z! z!
Beemsterboer: Ethics and Law in Dental Hygiene, 4th Edition z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
MULTIPLE CHOICE z!
1. When was the inception of the profession of dental hygiene?
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
a. In ancient Greece z! z!
b. In the early 1800s z! z! z!
c. In the early 1900s z! z! z!
d. In 1979 z!
ANS: C z !
The scope of practice of a dental hygienist was first established by law in Connecticut in 191
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
5. Alfred C. Fones taught his dental assistant, Irene Newman, to treat patients and to teach the
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
m to maintain their mouths in a clean state. In 1913, Fones established the first school for den
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
tal hygienists in Bridgeport, Connecticut. The first oath written for dental hygienists called up
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
on Apollo and Hygeia, who were the Greek god and goddess of health, respectively. A moder
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
nized version of the first oath was adopted by the Board of Trustees of the American Dental
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
Hygienists’ Association (ADHA) in 1979. z! z! z! z!
DIF: Recall REF: p. 3 OBJ: 1 z!z! z! z ! z !
TOP: 7.0 Professional Responsibility | 7.1 Ethical Principles, including informed consent
z ! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
2. Which member of the dental team is the primary oral preventive therapist?
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
a. Dentist
b. Dental hygienist z!
c. Dental assistant z!
d. Receptionist
ANS: B z !
The dental hygienist is the oral preventive therapist in the dental office. The dentists who pion
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
eered this special field of endeavor had a vision of the day when dental disease could be preve
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
nted by following a system of treatment and cleanliness. The dentist is primarily concerned wi
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
th restorative treatment, although he or she also shares in preventing oral disease. The dental as
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
sistant assists the dentist and may assist the dental hygienist as well. The receptionist greets p
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
atients and may help with the business and financial aspects of the practice.
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
DIF: Recall REF: p. 4 OBJ: 1 z!z! z! z ! z !
TOP: 7.0 Professional Responsibility | 7.4 General
z ! z! z! z! z! z!
3. The dental hygiene oath is revised by action of which of the following professional
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
organizations?
a. The American Dental Association (ADA)
z! z! z! z!
b. The American Dental Hygienists’Association (ADHA)
z! z! z! z! z!
c. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
z! z! z! z! z! z!
d. The Organization for Safety, Asepsis, and Prevention (OSAP)
z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
e. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA)z! z! z! z! z!
ANS: B z !
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Distributionz!ofz!thisz!documentz!isz!illegal
, Stuvia.comz!-
z! Thez! Marketplacez!toz! Buyz! andz! Sellz! yourz! Studyz! Material
The first dental hygiene oath was adopted by the Board of Trustees of the American Dental H
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
ygienists’Association (ADHA) in 1979 and is still in use today. The oath may be seen at the fol
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
lowing website (www.adha.org/aboutadha/dhoath.htm). The American Dental Association has
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
an oath for dentists. A copy of each oath may be found in the textbook.
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
DIF: Recall REF: p. 3 OBJ: 1 z!z! z! z ! z !
TOP: 7.0 Professional Responsibility | 7.4 General
z ! z! z! z! z! z!
4. Society recognizes that health care providers are held to a higher standard than legislative
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
mandate. These higher standards are expressed in professional codes of ethics and are en
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
forced by the legal system.
z! z! z! z!
a. Both statements are true. z! z! z!
b. Both statements are false. z! z! z!
c. The first statement is true, the second statement is false.
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
d. The first statement is false, the second statement is true.
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
ANS: C z !
Health care providers are held to a higher standard than can be expressed exclusively by legisl
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
ative mandate. While it is true that these higher standards are expressed in professional codes o
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
f ethics, they are enforced by those within the profession rather than by the legal system. Impo
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
rtant components of this enforcement include self-regulation and submission to peer review.
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 4 z ! z!
OBJ: 1 TOP: 7.0 Professional Responsibility | 7.4 General
z ! z! z ! z! z! z! z! z!
5. Success is measured by financial gain in the corporate world; however, for the health care
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
professional the patient’s welfare is placed above profit. z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
a. Both the statement and reason are correct and related.
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
b. Both the statement and reason are correct but NOT related.
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
c. The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT.
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
d. The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct.
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
e. NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct. z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
ANS: A z !
Because the welfare of the patient is more important than profit, society has granted the health
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
care professional a certain status that carries prestige, power, and the right to apply special kno
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
wledge and skills. z! z!
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 4 z ! z!
OBJ: 2 TOP: 7.0 Professional Responsibility | 7.4 General
z ! z! z ! z! z! z! z! z!
6. Which of the following is regarded as the most important aspect of the delivery of health care
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z
!services?
a. Technical skill z!
b. Appropriate knowledge z!
c. Critical judgment z!
d. Caring
ANS: D z !
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Distributionz!ofz!thisz!documentz!isz!illegal
, Stuvia.comz!-
z! Thez! Marketplacez!toz! Buyz! andz! Sellz! yourz! Studyz! Material
Although all of the choices are important, caring is regarded as the most important. Patients pe
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
rceive this essence of caring and respond to it. Trust is the critical foundation for the relations
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
hip between the person seeking services and the health care provider. The caring that the patient
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
seeks also gives the provider the greatest opportunity for professional service and satisfaction.
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
DIF: Recall REF: p. 4 OBJ: 2 z!z! z! z ! z !
TOP: 7.0 Professional Responsibility | 7.4 General
z ! z! z! z! z! z!
7. The publication “Medical Professionalism in the New Millennium: A Physician Charter” set
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
out three fundamental principles, including patient welfare, patient autonomy, and the princ
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
iple of social justice, because it is thought this will reinvigorate the value of professionalis
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
m.
a. Both the statement and reason are correct and related.
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
b. Both the statement and reason are correct but NOT related.
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
c. The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT.
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
d. The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct.
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
e. NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct. z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
ANS: A z !
The Physician Charter sets out three fundamental principles that are not new but reinforce the
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
foundation of the medical profession as one of service to others. The ethical principles of the p
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
rimacy of patient welfare (beneficence and nonmaleficence) and patient autonomy are listed fi
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
rst; the principle of social justice is the third main tenet. The desired goal was to reinvigorate th
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
e value of professionalism that includes social responsibility, the ethic of care, and access to th
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
at care, for all members of society.
z! z! z! z! z! z!
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 5 z ! z!
OBJ: 3 TOP: 7.0 Professional Responsibility | 7.4 General
z ! z! z ! z! z! z! z! z!
8. Each of the following is a requirement for licensure of a dental hygienist in the United States
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z
! EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? z! z! z! z! z! z!
a. Completion of a higher education accredited program z! z! z! z! z! z!
b. Graduation from a college or university z! z! z! z! z!
c. Passed a written national board examination z! z! z! z! z!
d. Passed a clinical national board examination z! z! z! z! z!
ANS: D z !
There is no clinical national board examination. The dental hygiene candidate for licensure m
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ust pass a state or regional clinical examination. Examples of regional boards include the Cou
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ncil of Interstate Testing Agencies (CITA), the Central Regional Dental Testing Services, Inc. (
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CRDTS), the Commission on Dental Competency Assessments (CDCA), the Southern Region
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al Testing Agency, Inc. (SRTA), and the Western Regional Examining Board (WERB).
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DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 5 z ! z!
OBJ: 3 TOP: 7.0 Professional Responsibility | 7.4 General
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9. Which of the following characteristics is used to separate the professional from the layperson?
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a. Competency
b. Quality performance z!
c. A specialized body of knowledge and skill of value to society
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Downlloadedz!by:z!kAisrihaehz!||z!
Distributionz!ofz!thisz!documentz!isz!illegal
