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Applied Pathophysiology for the Advanced Nurse Exam
Questions Comprehensive 2026 Questions Exam Latest
Version Solved Questions & Answers Verified 100 %
A nurse is teaching a group of clients about health promotion activities and
lifestyle changes. A client tells the nurse he has smoked two packs of
cigarettes a day for the last 4 years and has been told he is at risk for
developing respiratory infections. The best response would be:
a. "You can decrease your risk by only smoking one pack per day."
b. "Smoking will not increase the risk of inhalation-acquired diseases."
c. "Smoking can increase the risk of inhalation-acquired diseases."
d. "Smoking will destroy any inhalation-acquired diseases."
c
A client has been diagnosed with an abscess. Upon assessment of the client,
the nurse would expect to find:
a. a circular pigmented area with a bull's-eye
b. a localized pocket of infection composed of devitalized tissue,
microorganisms, and the host's phagocytic white blood cells.
c. several raised, reddened nodules containing sanguineous fluid.
d. white patchy areas on the anterior surface.
b
Which procedure reduces the potential for infection primarily by addressing
the portal of entry?
a. Wiping down common areas with buffered bleach on a regular basis
b. Wearing gloves when contact with blood or body fluids is anticipated
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c. Isolating clients who have antibiotic-resistant infections
d. Disposing of soiled clothing and bed linens in a dedicated receptacle
b
The course of any infectious disease progresses through several distinct
stages after the pathogen enters the host. Although the duration may vary,
which sign/symptom is the hallmark of the prodromal stage?
a. Tissue inflammation and damage
b. Initial appearance of symptoms
c. Containment of infectious pathogens
d. Progressive pathogen elimination
b
A client is applying to nursing school and has come to the clinic with a request
to be tested for immunity to hepatitis B. Which type of testing would be best to
determine immunity?
a. WBC count
b. Antibody titer
c. Culture
d. DNA testing
b
A nurse practitioner (NP) is assessing a client who wishes to become
pregnant. What assessment finding represents the most significant risk for
Down syndrome?
a. The client's most recent pregnancy was 2 years ago and ended with a
spontaneous abortion (miscarriage).
b. The client worked in a paint factory for several years, quitting around 10
years ago.
c. The client is 43 years old and has been pregnant 4 times.
d. The client had a therapeutic abortion in her late 20s and smoked until a few
years ago.
c
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Which health problem may be identified by a TORCH screening test?
a. Rubella and herpes
b. Rhinovirus and Ormond disease
c. Chlamydia and rickets
d. Tenovaginitis and human papillomavirus
a
Which is the correct definition to describe a carrier?
a. A carrier has different alleles of a given pair at the same gene locus.
b. A carrier demonstrates a dominate allele, and that person then manifests
that trait.
c. A carrier is heterozygous for a recessive trait but does not manifest the trait.
d. A carrier has two alleles of a given pair on the gene locus.
c
A pregnant client is concerned about her baby having abnormal thyroid
function since it "runs in the family." The nurse advises the client to avoid
exposure to which teratogenic agent?
a. Homemade beers
b. Wild mushrooms
c. Radioactive iodine
d. Unprotected sunlight
c
The genetic counselor is explaining structural changes in chromosomes that
result from breakage and rearrangement of chromosome parts. The pattern
that occurs when there are simultaneous breaks in two chromosomes, from
different pairs, with exchange of chromosome parts is:
a. Inversion
b. Translocation
c. Isochromosome formation
d. Ring formation
b
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The physician suspects that a patient under a lot of stress (stimulation of the
sympathetic nervous system) is experiencing stress-induced release of
vasopressin. Knowing the effects of an activated renin-angiotensin-
aldosterone system (RAAS), the nurse should be assessing the patient for
which primary nursing diagnosis?
A. Fluid volume excess related to retention of water in the body
B. Decreased cardiac output related to positional low blood pressure
C. Electrolyte imbalance related to retention of potassium
D. Nutritional imbalance related to vomiting and diarrhea
A
Which are considered stages of the general adaptation syndrome?
A. Alarm
B. Resistance
C. Exhaustion
D. all of the above
D
Which of the following physiological processes would be considered a
positive feedback mechanism?
A. The release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the posterior pituitary gland
B. Shivering in response to low environmental temperature
C. The platelet aggregation mechanism for closing minute ruptures in very
small blood vessels during accidental injury
D. Increased production of white blood cells (WBCs) in response to a
microorganism
C
This component of the homeostatic mechanism is in charge of receiving
information form the environment:
A. Integrator
B. Sensor
C. Effector
D. Comparator
Applied Pathophysiology for the Advanced Nurse Exam
Questions Comprehensive 2026 Questions Exam Latest
Version Solved Questions & Answers Verified 100 %
A nurse is teaching a group of clients about health promotion activities and
lifestyle changes. A client tells the nurse he has smoked two packs of
cigarettes a day for the last 4 years and has been told he is at risk for
developing respiratory infections. The best response would be:
a. "You can decrease your risk by only smoking one pack per day."
b. "Smoking will not increase the risk of inhalation-acquired diseases."
c. "Smoking can increase the risk of inhalation-acquired diseases."
d. "Smoking will destroy any inhalation-acquired diseases."
c
A client has been diagnosed with an abscess. Upon assessment of the client,
the nurse would expect to find:
a. a circular pigmented area with a bull's-eye
b. a localized pocket of infection composed of devitalized tissue,
microorganisms, and the host's phagocytic white blood cells.
c. several raised, reddened nodules containing sanguineous fluid.
d. white patchy areas on the anterior surface.
b
Which procedure reduces the potential for infection primarily by addressing
the portal of entry?
a. Wiping down common areas with buffered bleach on a regular basis
b. Wearing gloves when contact with blood or body fluids is anticipated
, Page 2 of 78
c. Isolating clients who have antibiotic-resistant infections
d. Disposing of soiled clothing and bed linens in a dedicated receptacle
b
The course of any infectious disease progresses through several distinct
stages after the pathogen enters the host. Although the duration may vary,
which sign/symptom is the hallmark of the prodromal stage?
a. Tissue inflammation and damage
b. Initial appearance of symptoms
c. Containment of infectious pathogens
d. Progressive pathogen elimination
b
A client is applying to nursing school and has come to the clinic with a request
to be tested for immunity to hepatitis B. Which type of testing would be best to
determine immunity?
a. WBC count
b. Antibody titer
c. Culture
d. DNA testing
b
A nurse practitioner (NP) is assessing a client who wishes to become
pregnant. What assessment finding represents the most significant risk for
Down syndrome?
a. The client's most recent pregnancy was 2 years ago and ended with a
spontaneous abortion (miscarriage).
b. The client worked in a paint factory for several years, quitting around 10
years ago.
c. The client is 43 years old and has been pregnant 4 times.
d. The client had a therapeutic abortion in her late 20s and smoked until a few
years ago.
c
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Which health problem may be identified by a TORCH screening test?
a. Rubella and herpes
b. Rhinovirus and Ormond disease
c. Chlamydia and rickets
d. Tenovaginitis and human papillomavirus
a
Which is the correct definition to describe a carrier?
a. A carrier has different alleles of a given pair at the same gene locus.
b. A carrier demonstrates a dominate allele, and that person then manifests
that trait.
c. A carrier is heterozygous for a recessive trait but does not manifest the trait.
d. A carrier has two alleles of a given pair on the gene locus.
c
A pregnant client is concerned about her baby having abnormal thyroid
function since it "runs in the family." The nurse advises the client to avoid
exposure to which teratogenic agent?
a. Homemade beers
b. Wild mushrooms
c. Radioactive iodine
d. Unprotected sunlight
c
The genetic counselor is explaining structural changes in chromosomes that
result from breakage and rearrangement of chromosome parts. The pattern
that occurs when there are simultaneous breaks in two chromosomes, from
different pairs, with exchange of chromosome parts is:
a. Inversion
b. Translocation
c. Isochromosome formation
d. Ring formation
b
, Page 4 of 78
The physician suspects that a patient under a lot of stress (stimulation of the
sympathetic nervous system) is experiencing stress-induced release of
vasopressin. Knowing the effects of an activated renin-angiotensin-
aldosterone system (RAAS), the nurse should be assessing the patient for
which primary nursing diagnosis?
A. Fluid volume excess related to retention of water in the body
B. Decreased cardiac output related to positional low blood pressure
C. Electrolyte imbalance related to retention of potassium
D. Nutritional imbalance related to vomiting and diarrhea
A
Which are considered stages of the general adaptation syndrome?
A. Alarm
B. Resistance
C. Exhaustion
D. all of the above
D
Which of the following physiological processes would be considered a
positive feedback mechanism?
A. The release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the posterior pituitary gland
B. Shivering in response to low environmental temperature
C. The platelet aggregation mechanism for closing minute ruptures in very
small blood vessels during accidental injury
D. Increased production of white blood cells (WBCs) in response to a
microorganism
C
This component of the homeostatic mechanism is in charge of receiving
information form the environment:
A. Integrator
B. Sensor
C. Effector
D. Comparator
