FUNDAMENTALS OF MICROBIOLOGY EXAM 2
FINAL TEST PAPER 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED A+
◉ perforins Answer: proteins that poke holes in pathogens and
allow toxins to enter
◉ granzymes Answer: enzymes that attack proteins of target cells
◉ APC examples Answer: macrophages, dendritic cells, monocytes,
B cells
◉ Natural passive immunity Answer: acquired by a child through
placenta and breast milk
◉ Natural active immunity Answer: production of one's own
antibodies or T cells as a result of infection or natural exposure to
antigen
◉ artificial passive immunity Answer: immunity which results from
the administration of antibodies from another animal against a
dangerous pathogen.
,◉ artificial active immunity Answer: vaccination
◉ Necrotizing fasciitis cause Answer: Clostridium perfringens,
Streptococcus pyogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus
◉ Necrotizing fasciitis symptoms Answer: Begin as a minor infection
at a hair follicle or skin break and progress rapidly with severe
tissue destruction
◉ Necrotizing fasciitis infection Answer: Bacteria enter through skin
breaks and spread rapidly through tissues and bloodstream using
tissue destroying enzymes and superantigens
◉ Necrotizing fasciitis fatality rate Answer: Often fatal if not treated
quickly
◉ Necrotizing fasciitis treatment Answer: Powerful broad spectrum
antibiotics and rapid surgical intervention
◉ Chickenpox cause Answer: Varicella zoster virus
◉ Chickenpox symptoms Answer: Itchy rash that becomes fluid
filled vesicles
, ◉ Chickenpox infection Answer: Spread through respiratory
droplets and direct contact with lesions
◉ Chickenpox fatality rate Answer: Low in healthy children
◉ Chickenpox treatment Answer: No cure, prevention through
vaccination
◉ Shingles cause Answer: Reactivation of latent Varicella zoster
virus
◉ Shingles symptoms Answer: Painful localized vesicular rash along
nerve pathways
◉ Shingles infection Answer: Reactivation of virus dormant in nerve
ganglia
◉ Shingles fatality rate Answer: Low
◉ Shingles treatment Answer: Antiviral medications and pain
management
◉ Smallpox cause Answer: Variola virus
FINAL TEST PAPER 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED A+
◉ perforins Answer: proteins that poke holes in pathogens and
allow toxins to enter
◉ granzymes Answer: enzymes that attack proteins of target cells
◉ APC examples Answer: macrophages, dendritic cells, monocytes,
B cells
◉ Natural passive immunity Answer: acquired by a child through
placenta and breast milk
◉ Natural active immunity Answer: production of one's own
antibodies or T cells as a result of infection or natural exposure to
antigen
◉ artificial passive immunity Answer: immunity which results from
the administration of antibodies from another animal against a
dangerous pathogen.
,◉ artificial active immunity Answer: vaccination
◉ Necrotizing fasciitis cause Answer: Clostridium perfringens,
Streptococcus pyogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus
◉ Necrotizing fasciitis symptoms Answer: Begin as a minor infection
at a hair follicle or skin break and progress rapidly with severe
tissue destruction
◉ Necrotizing fasciitis infection Answer: Bacteria enter through skin
breaks and spread rapidly through tissues and bloodstream using
tissue destroying enzymes and superantigens
◉ Necrotizing fasciitis fatality rate Answer: Often fatal if not treated
quickly
◉ Necrotizing fasciitis treatment Answer: Powerful broad spectrum
antibiotics and rapid surgical intervention
◉ Chickenpox cause Answer: Varicella zoster virus
◉ Chickenpox symptoms Answer: Itchy rash that becomes fluid
filled vesicles
, ◉ Chickenpox infection Answer: Spread through respiratory
droplets and direct contact with lesions
◉ Chickenpox fatality rate Answer: Low in healthy children
◉ Chickenpox treatment Answer: No cure, prevention through
vaccination
◉ Shingles cause Answer: Reactivation of latent Varicella zoster
virus
◉ Shingles symptoms Answer: Painful localized vesicular rash along
nerve pathways
◉ Shingles infection Answer: Reactivation of virus dormant in nerve
ganglia
◉ Shingles fatality rate Answer: Low
◉ Shingles treatment Answer: Antiviral medications and pain
management
◉ Smallpox cause Answer: Variola virus
