NUR 242 MED/SURG EXAM 4| COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH EXPERT
SOLUTIONS | 2026 LATEST UPDATED | GET A+
What is included in the central nervous system? - (answer)brain and spinal cord
What is included in the peripheral nervous system? - (answer)cranial nerves, spinal nerves,
ganglia
What does the peripheral nervouse system act as? - (answer)relay station
What three types of headaches impact quality of life? - (answer)migraine, tension, cluster
What is the pain assessment guideline for migraine headaches? - (answer)P - provoking (what
triggers)
Q - quality (is it pulsating or throbbing)
R - radiation (is it unilateral and supra retro orbital)
S - severity (where is it on pain scale)
T - time (typically 4-72 hours)
What factors make migraines worse? - (answer)light, sound, movement
Pathophysiology of migraine - (answer)most popular theory is that extracranial arteries expand
and irritate nerves due to vasodilation
Why are migraines a problem? - (answer)productivity, sick days, quality of life
Migraine triggers - (answer)chocolate, red wine, hard cheeses, monosodium glutamate, hormonal
changes, exertion, fatigue, and stress
,manifestation of migraine - (answer)Aura (20% of cases), steady throbbing pain, unilateral,
sensitive to light, sound, odors
What does POUND stand for as it relates to migraines - (answer)Pulsatile
One day
Unilateral
Nausea/vomitting
Disabiling
What are the abortive therapies for migraines? - (answer)Fioricet, NSAIDS, Triptans and
ergotamines
When is abortive therapy contraindicated for migraine treatment? - (answer)heart disease
What is the best initial treatment for migraine - (answer)triptan derivative (ex: Imitrex)
What is epilepsy? - (answer)recurrent, unprovoked seizures (at least 2, with no immediately
identifiable cause)
What is a seizure? - (answer)Uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain that causes disruption in
brain activity
Assesssment of epilepsy - (answer)details about the seizure activity, family history, collateral
medical conditions (stroke, HTN, TBI)
Seizure risk factors - (answer)Vascular
Infection or Inherited condition
Trauma
, Alzheimers or Autoimmune
Metabolic derangements
Idiopathic
Neoplasm
S - pSychiatric/pSeudoseizure
What can trigger a seizure? - (answer)sleep deprivation, stress, alcohol withdrawl, food
What auras have been associated with epilepsy? - (answer)somatic rising epigastric sensation,
hallucinations, halos
What is a partial seizure? - (answer)a seizure that affects only one part of brain
What is a simple partial seizure? - (answer)(also known as focal aware) is where the person has
no loss of consciousness and localized signs such as jerking movements; last 10-20 seconds;
autonomic symptoms
What is a complex partial seuizure? - (answer)altered and impaired, may not have an aura but
can lead to a general seizure; lasts 1-2 minutes
What is a generalized seizure? - (answer)affects the brain as a whole; differentiated by how they
appear during observation
absence seizure - (answer)seizure involving a brief loss of consciousness without motor
involvement; look to be staring off into space; lasts seconds
tonic-clonic seizure - (answer)generalized seizure in which the patient loses consciousness and
has jerking movements of paired muscle groups
SOLUTIONS | 2026 LATEST UPDATED | GET A+
What is included in the central nervous system? - (answer)brain and spinal cord
What is included in the peripheral nervous system? - (answer)cranial nerves, spinal nerves,
ganglia
What does the peripheral nervouse system act as? - (answer)relay station
What three types of headaches impact quality of life? - (answer)migraine, tension, cluster
What is the pain assessment guideline for migraine headaches? - (answer)P - provoking (what
triggers)
Q - quality (is it pulsating or throbbing)
R - radiation (is it unilateral and supra retro orbital)
S - severity (where is it on pain scale)
T - time (typically 4-72 hours)
What factors make migraines worse? - (answer)light, sound, movement
Pathophysiology of migraine - (answer)most popular theory is that extracranial arteries expand
and irritate nerves due to vasodilation
Why are migraines a problem? - (answer)productivity, sick days, quality of life
Migraine triggers - (answer)chocolate, red wine, hard cheeses, monosodium glutamate, hormonal
changes, exertion, fatigue, and stress
,manifestation of migraine - (answer)Aura (20% of cases), steady throbbing pain, unilateral,
sensitive to light, sound, odors
What does POUND stand for as it relates to migraines - (answer)Pulsatile
One day
Unilateral
Nausea/vomitting
Disabiling
What are the abortive therapies for migraines? - (answer)Fioricet, NSAIDS, Triptans and
ergotamines
When is abortive therapy contraindicated for migraine treatment? - (answer)heart disease
What is the best initial treatment for migraine - (answer)triptan derivative (ex: Imitrex)
What is epilepsy? - (answer)recurrent, unprovoked seizures (at least 2, with no immediately
identifiable cause)
What is a seizure? - (answer)Uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain that causes disruption in
brain activity
Assesssment of epilepsy - (answer)details about the seizure activity, family history, collateral
medical conditions (stroke, HTN, TBI)
Seizure risk factors - (answer)Vascular
Infection or Inherited condition
Trauma
, Alzheimers or Autoimmune
Metabolic derangements
Idiopathic
Neoplasm
S - pSychiatric/pSeudoseizure
What can trigger a seizure? - (answer)sleep deprivation, stress, alcohol withdrawl, food
What auras have been associated with epilepsy? - (answer)somatic rising epigastric sensation,
hallucinations, halos
What is a partial seizure? - (answer)a seizure that affects only one part of brain
What is a simple partial seizure? - (answer)(also known as focal aware) is where the person has
no loss of consciousness and localized signs such as jerking movements; last 10-20 seconds;
autonomic symptoms
What is a complex partial seuizure? - (answer)altered and impaired, may not have an aura but
can lead to a general seizure; lasts 1-2 minutes
What is a generalized seizure? - (answer)affects the brain as a whole; differentiated by how they
appear during observation
absence seizure - (answer)seizure involving a brief loss of consciousness without motor
involvement; look to be staring off into space; lasts seconds
tonic-clonic seizure - (answer)generalized seizure in which the patient loses consciousness and
has jerking movements of paired muscle groups
