NCLEX Nursing Fundamentals Study Guide 2026 |
Medical-Surgical Nursing Questions with Rationales |
NURS 101 Prioritization, Dosage Calculations & Clinical
Judgment Review
The nurse observes that a male client has Observe the appearance of the skin under the ice pack
(The removed the covering from an ice park first action taken by the nurse should be to assess the
skin for applied to his knee. What action should the any possible thermal injury. If no injury to the
skin has occurred, nurse take first? the nurse can take the other actions.)
A. Observe the appearance of the skin
under the ice pack.
B. Instruct the client regarding the
need for the covering.
C. Reapply the covering after filling with
fresh ice.
D. Ask the client how long the ice
was applied to the skin.
The nurse mixes 50 mg of Nipride in 250 mL 124
gtt/min of D5W and plans to administer the solution
at a rate of 5 mcg/kg/min to a client
weighting 182 lbs. Using a drip factor of
60 gtt/mL, how many drops per minute
should the client receive?
The healthcare provider prescribes an IV 83
gtt/min infusion of 1000 ml of Ringer's Lactate w/ 30
units of Pitocin to run in over 4 hours
for a client who has just delivered a 10
pound infant by cesarean section. The
tubing has been changed to a 20
gtt/ml administration set. The nurse
plans to set the flow rate at how many
gtt/min?
Which assessment data provides the most Examining a chest x-ray obtained after the tubing was
inserted accurate determination of proper placement
of a nasogastric tube?
Three days following a surgery, a male clientB. Instruct the client that the stoma will become smaller
when observes his colostomy for the first time. He the initial swelling diminishes (Postoperative
swelling causes becomes quite upset and tells the nurse that enlargement of the stoma. The
nurse can teach the client that it is much bigger than he expected. What is the stoma will
become smaller when swelling is diminished (B). the best response by the nurse? This will help
reduce the client's anxiety and promote
A. Reassure the client that he will become acceptance of the colostomy. (A) does not provide
helpful accustomed to the stoma appearance in teaching or support. (C) is a useful action, and
may be taken time. after the nurse provides pertinent teaching. The client is
not yet
B. Instruct the client that the stoma will demonstrating readiness to learn colostomy
care. (D) become much smaller when the initial
swelling diminishes.
undamentals-practice-exam-s/ 1/24
,NCLEX Nursing Fundamentals Study Guide 2026 |
Medical-Surgical Nursing Questions with Rationales |
NURS 101 Prioritization, Dosage Calculations & Clinical
Judgment Review
C. Offer to contact a member of the
local ostomy support group to help
him with his concerns.
D. Encourage the client to handle the
stoma equipment to gain confidence
with the procedure.
A female client with a nasogastric tube B. Reposition the client on her side. (The immediate
priority is attached to low suction states that she is to determine if the tube is functioning correctly,
which would nauseated. The nurse assesses that there then relieve the client's nausea. The
least invasive intervention has been no drainage through the (B) should be attempted first,
followed by (A and C), unless nasogastric tube in the last two hours. What either of these
interventions is contraindicated. If these
action should the nurse take first? measures are unsuccessful, the client may require an
A. Irrigate the nasogastric tube with sterile antiemetic
(D)) normal saline.
B. Reposition the client on her side.
C. Advance the nasogastric
tube an additional five
centimeters.
D. Administer an intravenous
antiemetic prescribed for PRN use.
A hospitalized male client is receiving C. After clearing the tube with 30 ml of air, check the
pH of fluid nasogastric tube feedings via a small-bore withdrawn from the tube.
tube and a continuous pump infusion.
He reports that he had a bad bout of
severe coughing a few minutes ago,
but feels fine now. What action is best
for the nurse to take?
A. Record the coughing incident. No
further action is required at this time.
B. Stop the feeding, explain to the
family why it is being stopped, and
notify the HCP.
C. After clearing the tube with 30 ml
of air, check the pH of fluid
withdrawn from the tube.
D. Inject 30 ml of air into the tube
while auscultating the epigastrium
for gurgling.
A male client tells the nurse that he does not D. is disoriented to place and time (The client is
exhibiting
know where he is or what year it is. What disorientation (D). (A) refers to memory of the distant
past. The data should the nurse document that is most client is able to express himself without
difficulty (B), and does accurate? not demonstrate diminished attention span. (C).
A. demonstrates loss of remote memory
B. exhibits expressive dysphasia
C. has a diminished attention span
D. is disoriented to place and time
A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) A. Commend the client for selecting a high biologic
value selects a scrambled egg for his breakfast. protein. (Foods such as eggs and milk (A) are
undamentals-practice-exam-s/ 2/24
, NCLEX Nursing Fundamentals Study Guide 2026 |
Medical-Surgical Nursing Questions with Rationales |
NURS 101 Prioritization, Dosage Calculations & Clinical
Judgment Review
high biologic What action should the nurse take? proteins which are allowed because they are
complete proteins
A. Commend the client for selecting a high and supply the essential amino acids that are
necessary for biologic value protein. growth and cell repair. Orange juice is rich in
potassium and
B. Remind the client that protein in the diet should not be encouraged. The client has made a
undamentals-practice-exam-s/ 3/24
Medical-Surgical Nursing Questions with Rationales |
NURS 101 Prioritization, Dosage Calculations & Clinical
Judgment Review
The nurse observes that a male client has Observe the appearance of the skin under the ice pack
(The removed the covering from an ice park first action taken by the nurse should be to assess the
skin for applied to his knee. What action should the any possible thermal injury. If no injury to the
skin has occurred, nurse take first? the nurse can take the other actions.)
A. Observe the appearance of the skin
under the ice pack.
B. Instruct the client regarding the
need for the covering.
C. Reapply the covering after filling with
fresh ice.
D. Ask the client how long the ice
was applied to the skin.
The nurse mixes 50 mg of Nipride in 250 mL 124
gtt/min of D5W and plans to administer the solution
at a rate of 5 mcg/kg/min to a client
weighting 182 lbs. Using a drip factor of
60 gtt/mL, how many drops per minute
should the client receive?
The healthcare provider prescribes an IV 83
gtt/min infusion of 1000 ml of Ringer's Lactate w/ 30
units of Pitocin to run in over 4 hours
for a client who has just delivered a 10
pound infant by cesarean section. The
tubing has been changed to a 20
gtt/ml administration set. The nurse
plans to set the flow rate at how many
gtt/min?
Which assessment data provides the most Examining a chest x-ray obtained after the tubing was
inserted accurate determination of proper placement
of a nasogastric tube?
Three days following a surgery, a male clientB. Instruct the client that the stoma will become smaller
when observes his colostomy for the first time. He the initial swelling diminishes (Postoperative
swelling causes becomes quite upset and tells the nurse that enlargement of the stoma. The
nurse can teach the client that it is much bigger than he expected. What is the stoma will
become smaller when swelling is diminished (B). the best response by the nurse? This will help
reduce the client's anxiety and promote
A. Reassure the client that he will become acceptance of the colostomy. (A) does not provide
helpful accustomed to the stoma appearance in teaching or support. (C) is a useful action, and
may be taken time. after the nurse provides pertinent teaching. The client is
not yet
B. Instruct the client that the stoma will demonstrating readiness to learn colostomy
care. (D) become much smaller when the initial
swelling diminishes.
undamentals-practice-exam-s/ 1/24
,NCLEX Nursing Fundamentals Study Guide 2026 |
Medical-Surgical Nursing Questions with Rationales |
NURS 101 Prioritization, Dosage Calculations & Clinical
Judgment Review
C. Offer to contact a member of the
local ostomy support group to help
him with his concerns.
D. Encourage the client to handle the
stoma equipment to gain confidence
with the procedure.
A female client with a nasogastric tube B. Reposition the client on her side. (The immediate
priority is attached to low suction states that she is to determine if the tube is functioning correctly,
which would nauseated. The nurse assesses that there then relieve the client's nausea. The
least invasive intervention has been no drainage through the (B) should be attempted first,
followed by (A and C), unless nasogastric tube in the last two hours. What either of these
interventions is contraindicated. If these
action should the nurse take first? measures are unsuccessful, the client may require an
A. Irrigate the nasogastric tube with sterile antiemetic
(D)) normal saline.
B. Reposition the client on her side.
C. Advance the nasogastric
tube an additional five
centimeters.
D. Administer an intravenous
antiemetic prescribed for PRN use.
A hospitalized male client is receiving C. After clearing the tube with 30 ml of air, check the
pH of fluid nasogastric tube feedings via a small-bore withdrawn from the tube.
tube and a continuous pump infusion.
He reports that he had a bad bout of
severe coughing a few minutes ago,
but feels fine now. What action is best
for the nurse to take?
A. Record the coughing incident. No
further action is required at this time.
B. Stop the feeding, explain to the
family why it is being stopped, and
notify the HCP.
C. After clearing the tube with 30 ml
of air, check the pH of fluid
withdrawn from the tube.
D. Inject 30 ml of air into the tube
while auscultating the epigastrium
for gurgling.
A male client tells the nurse that he does not D. is disoriented to place and time (The client is
exhibiting
know where he is or what year it is. What disorientation (D). (A) refers to memory of the distant
past. The data should the nurse document that is most client is able to express himself without
difficulty (B), and does accurate? not demonstrate diminished attention span. (C).
A. demonstrates loss of remote memory
B. exhibits expressive dysphasia
C. has a diminished attention span
D. is disoriented to place and time
A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) A. Commend the client for selecting a high biologic
value selects a scrambled egg for his breakfast. protein. (Foods such as eggs and milk (A) are
undamentals-practice-exam-s/ 2/24
, NCLEX Nursing Fundamentals Study Guide 2026 |
Medical-Surgical Nursing Questions with Rationales |
NURS 101 Prioritization, Dosage Calculations & Clinical
Judgment Review
high biologic What action should the nurse take? proteins which are allowed because they are
complete proteins
A. Commend the client for selecting a high and supply the essential amino acids that are
necessary for biologic value protein. growth and cell repair. Orange juice is rich in
potassium and
B. Remind the client that protein in the diet should not be encouraged. The client has made a
undamentals-practice-exam-s/ 3/24
