Wound care Test #2 Questions And Correct
Answers (Verified Answers) 2026
Definition of a refractory wound - CORRECT ANSWER -wound with no measurable progress
for 2 weeks despite appropriate comprehensive therapy
Three theorized causes why a wound won't heal - CORRECT ANSWER -cellular senescence,
inadequate levels (or wrong mix) of growth factors/cytokines, excessive levels of
proinflammatory mediators
what is a guideline for active wound therapy? - CORRECT ANSWER -use only if wounds are
clean and uninfected and not granulating
What to protease inhibitors do for wounds? - CORRECT ANSWER -controls level of
inflammatory enzymes
What does cellular matrix treatment do for wounds? - CORRECT ANSWER -scaffolding to aid
cell migration and attachement
What do cell and tissue substitutes do for wounds - CORRECT ANSWER -provides cell and
growth factors to promote healing
what do growth factors do for wounds? - CORRECT ANSWER -stimulate cell activity related to
repair
What does hyperbaric therapy do for wounds? - CORRECT ANSWER -provides oxygen to
wound
,What does electrical stimulation do for wounds? - CORRECT ANSWER -generates stimulus for
repair
What does NPWT do for wounds? - CORRECT ANSWER -manages exudate, stimulates repair
via macro and micro deformation
How to protease inhibitors work? - CORRECT ANSWER -attract/bind MMPs to wound
dressing, reduce MMP production
how to acellular matrix dressings work? - CORRECT ANSWER -provides scaffolding, controls
cellular communication, provides proliferative signals to cellsq
What kind of wounds are acellular matrix dressing best for? - CORRECT ANSWER -leg ulcers,
pressure ulcers and surgical wounds
How to cell and tissue substitutes work? - CORRECT ANSWER -made from neonatal foreskin
and amniotic membranes, they are temporary workers then host cells take over
What wounds are cell and tissues substitutes best for? - CORRECT ANSWER -diabetic ulcers--
full thickness with no bone/tendon or joint exposure
what is a downside to bilayered skin equivalents - CORRECT ANSWER -lacks blood vessels,
melanocytes, microphages, nerves, and epidermal appendages
What wounds are best for bilayered skin equivalents? - CORRECT ANSWER -venous ulcers
that are more then a month in duration, diabetic ulcers
what is needed once bilayered skin equivalent is applied? - CORRECT ANSWER -NPWT or
compression
,How is growth factor obtained? - CORRECT ANSWER -solution derived from patient's own
blood
What happens to BV during HBOT? - CORRECT ANSWER -Vasoconstriction
What is enhanced during HBOT? - CORRECT ANSWER -Bacterial killing and antibiotic
efficiancy
What are the general indications for HBOT? - CORRECT ANSWER -wounds with reversible
ischemia, wounds with severe infectious complications
what are the specific indications for HBOT? - CORRECT ANSWER -arterial ulcers (must have
positive perfusion), complex infections, osteomyelitis, compromised flaps/grafts,
osteoradionecrosis
What are the contraindications for HBOT? - CORRECT ANSWER -pregnancy, pneumothorax
(untreated), some drugs, petroleum based products
What are the indications for growth factor therapy? - CORRECT ANSWER -refractory
DFU/wounds of neurologic origins
What are the contraindications for NPWT? - CORRECT ANSWER -heavily necrotic wounds,
infected wounds that are untreated, wounds with untreated osteomyelitis, malignant wounds,
wounds with organs or vessels that are close to the surface or exposed
What are the indications for NPWT? - CORRECT ANSWER -wounds that are clean but not
granulating, deep wounds with large volume exudate, surgical flaps or grafts, large surgical at
risk for dehiscence or compartment syndrome
What are the indications for split thickness grafts? - CORRECT ANSWER -large granulating
wounds where complete epithelialization unlikely, surface wounds that fail to epithelialize, burns
, What are the indications for myocutaneous flaps - CORRECT ANSWER -Patient with full
thickness wound at high risk for recurrence, patient with injury or surgical excision creating
major tissue deficit
Definition of split thickness graft - CORRECT ANSWER -Removal of epidermis and portion of
dermis and placement over viable but non healing wound
definition of myocutaneous flap - CORRECT ANSWER -created by lifting tissue on 3 sides and
leaving 4th side intact, flap then rotated or advanced to cover wound
pre-op care for split thickness graft - CORRECT ANSWER -Establish clean, well perfused
wound bed, control bacterial loads
pre-op care for myocutaneous flap - CORRECT ANSWER -all co-morbidities must be
optimized, optimize nutrition and potential healing, take measures to prevent infection, smoking
cessation
post op care for split thickness graft - CORRECT ANSWER -maintain close contact between
graft and wound bed, immobilize site if close to joint, apply compression or NPWT to prevent
fluid accumulation, moist wound healing for donor site
post op care for myocutaneous graft - CORRECT ANSWER -high level support surface and
positioning frequency to protect flap to prevent pressure, shear, friction, gradually increase
weight bearing, monitor for ischemia and vasocongestion
Pathology for arterial ischemic ulcers - CORRECT ANSWER -usual cause is atherosclerosis
which causes a rigid vessel, narrowing >thrombus>ischemia
once narrowing of arteries occur then.... - CORRECT ANSWER -reduced blood flow at rest and
reduced ability to respond to increased metabolic demands=increasing ischemia issues
Answers (Verified Answers) 2026
Definition of a refractory wound - CORRECT ANSWER -wound with no measurable progress
for 2 weeks despite appropriate comprehensive therapy
Three theorized causes why a wound won't heal - CORRECT ANSWER -cellular senescence,
inadequate levels (or wrong mix) of growth factors/cytokines, excessive levels of
proinflammatory mediators
what is a guideline for active wound therapy? - CORRECT ANSWER -use only if wounds are
clean and uninfected and not granulating
What to protease inhibitors do for wounds? - CORRECT ANSWER -controls level of
inflammatory enzymes
What does cellular matrix treatment do for wounds? - CORRECT ANSWER -scaffolding to aid
cell migration and attachement
What do cell and tissue substitutes do for wounds - CORRECT ANSWER -provides cell and
growth factors to promote healing
what do growth factors do for wounds? - CORRECT ANSWER -stimulate cell activity related to
repair
What does hyperbaric therapy do for wounds? - CORRECT ANSWER -provides oxygen to
wound
,What does electrical stimulation do for wounds? - CORRECT ANSWER -generates stimulus for
repair
What does NPWT do for wounds? - CORRECT ANSWER -manages exudate, stimulates repair
via macro and micro deformation
How to protease inhibitors work? - CORRECT ANSWER -attract/bind MMPs to wound
dressing, reduce MMP production
how to acellular matrix dressings work? - CORRECT ANSWER -provides scaffolding, controls
cellular communication, provides proliferative signals to cellsq
What kind of wounds are acellular matrix dressing best for? - CORRECT ANSWER -leg ulcers,
pressure ulcers and surgical wounds
How to cell and tissue substitutes work? - CORRECT ANSWER -made from neonatal foreskin
and amniotic membranes, they are temporary workers then host cells take over
What wounds are cell and tissues substitutes best for? - CORRECT ANSWER -diabetic ulcers--
full thickness with no bone/tendon or joint exposure
what is a downside to bilayered skin equivalents - CORRECT ANSWER -lacks blood vessels,
melanocytes, microphages, nerves, and epidermal appendages
What wounds are best for bilayered skin equivalents? - CORRECT ANSWER -venous ulcers
that are more then a month in duration, diabetic ulcers
what is needed once bilayered skin equivalent is applied? - CORRECT ANSWER -NPWT or
compression
,How is growth factor obtained? - CORRECT ANSWER -solution derived from patient's own
blood
What happens to BV during HBOT? - CORRECT ANSWER -Vasoconstriction
What is enhanced during HBOT? - CORRECT ANSWER -Bacterial killing and antibiotic
efficiancy
What are the general indications for HBOT? - CORRECT ANSWER -wounds with reversible
ischemia, wounds with severe infectious complications
what are the specific indications for HBOT? - CORRECT ANSWER -arterial ulcers (must have
positive perfusion), complex infections, osteomyelitis, compromised flaps/grafts,
osteoradionecrosis
What are the contraindications for HBOT? - CORRECT ANSWER -pregnancy, pneumothorax
(untreated), some drugs, petroleum based products
What are the indications for growth factor therapy? - CORRECT ANSWER -refractory
DFU/wounds of neurologic origins
What are the contraindications for NPWT? - CORRECT ANSWER -heavily necrotic wounds,
infected wounds that are untreated, wounds with untreated osteomyelitis, malignant wounds,
wounds with organs or vessels that are close to the surface or exposed
What are the indications for NPWT? - CORRECT ANSWER -wounds that are clean but not
granulating, deep wounds with large volume exudate, surgical flaps or grafts, large surgical at
risk for dehiscence or compartment syndrome
What are the indications for split thickness grafts? - CORRECT ANSWER -large granulating
wounds where complete epithelialization unlikely, surface wounds that fail to epithelialize, burns
, What are the indications for myocutaneous flaps - CORRECT ANSWER -Patient with full
thickness wound at high risk for recurrence, patient with injury or surgical excision creating
major tissue deficit
Definition of split thickness graft - CORRECT ANSWER -Removal of epidermis and portion of
dermis and placement over viable but non healing wound
definition of myocutaneous flap - CORRECT ANSWER -created by lifting tissue on 3 sides and
leaving 4th side intact, flap then rotated or advanced to cover wound
pre-op care for split thickness graft - CORRECT ANSWER -Establish clean, well perfused
wound bed, control bacterial loads
pre-op care for myocutaneous flap - CORRECT ANSWER -all co-morbidities must be
optimized, optimize nutrition and potential healing, take measures to prevent infection, smoking
cessation
post op care for split thickness graft - CORRECT ANSWER -maintain close contact between
graft and wound bed, immobilize site if close to joint, apply compression or NPWT to prevent
fluid accumulation, moist wound healing for donor site
post op care for myocutaneous graft - CORRECT ANSWER -high level support surface and
positioning frequency to protect flap to prevent pressure, shear, friction, gradually increase
weight bearing, monitor for ischemia and vasocongestion
Pathology for arterial ischemic ulcers - CORRECT ANSWER -usual cause is atherosclerosis
which causes a rigid vessel, narrowing >thrombus>ischemia
once narrowing of arteries occur then.... - CORRECT ANSWER -reduced blood flow at rest and
reduced ability to respond to increased metabolic demands=increasing ischemia issues
