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By what age is a rudimentary sense of self present?
A. 18 to 20 months
B. 7 to 8 months
C. 2 to 4 months
D. 12 to 14 months - correct answer ✔✔C. 2 to 4 months
Kohlberg proposed that children learn about how to behave according to their gender because:
A. their brains are structured to attend more to gender-appropriate objects and activities.
B. they spend more time with members of the same sex.
C. they actively seek out same-gender models.
D. they are treated differently by parents and teachers based on their gender. - correct answer
✔✔C. they actively seek out same-gender models.
According to gender schema theory, which statement is NOT true?
A. Children are more likely to accurately encode information about members of the other sex
than about members of their own sex.
B. Children are more likely to distort information that is gender inconsistent than information
that is gender consistent.
C. Children remember more about the observation of members of their own sex than about the
observation of members of the other sex.
, D. Children are more likely to retain information that is gender consistent than information that
is gender inconsistent. - correct answer ✔✔A. Children are more likely to accurately encode
information about members of the other sex than about members of their own sex.
Discrete emotions theory holds that:
A. the basic emotions are innate and distinct from early in life.
B. emotional facial expressions must be learned.
C. a select few emotions are present at birth, and the others are a function of experience.
D. children must learn to fear strangers. - correct answer ✔✔C. a select few emotions are
present at birth, and the others are a function of experience.
According to the "social dosage effect":
A. both of these predictions would hold.
B. neither of these predictions would hold.
C. increases in gender-typed behavior predict increases in amount of time spent with same-
gender peers.
D. spending more time with same-gender peers predicts increases in gender-typed behavior. -
correct answer ✔✔D. spending more time with same-gender peers predicts increases in
gender-typed behavior.
Infants 12 months old are _____ to comprehend the emotional tone of others' faces, and/but
are _____ to comprehend the emotional tone of others' voices.
A. unable; able
B. unable; unable
C. able; able