PSYC 333 Exam 2 Study Guide: Abnormal Psychology Disorders and Treatment
Review
In Piaget's cognitive developmental theory, the basic goal of intelligence is to - ✔✔adapt to the
environment
Four-year-old Britney mistakes her neighbor's new pet rabbit for a kitten. Britney's error
illustrates the Piagetian process of - ✔✔assimilation.
The preoperational principle called centration means that the child - ✔✔attends to each
object's single most salient feature.
Recent theoretical discussion on Piaget's stages has focused on the issue of whether -
✔✔cognition develops continuously instead of in stages.
According to Vygotsky, ____ development refers to short-term longitudinal changes in the
child's competencies or performances. - ✔✔microgenetic
The formal education of children in the United States and Europe primarily involves -
✔✔context-independent learning.
Which theorist(s) regarded the child's self-directed speech to be important, sophisticated,
purposive, or communicative? - ✔✔Vygotsky, but not Piaget
The use of the computer as a model for understanding the child's mind is part of the -
✔✔information-processing perspective.
Which maturational change has been identified as the source of age-related improvements in
children's processing speed? - ✔✔Myelinization of the brain's associative areas
, Theorists such as Kipp and Bjorklund have claimed that inhibitory processes are needed so that
the child - ✔✔can suppress task-irrelevant distracting thoughts.
Free recall refers to recalling - ✔✔in the absence of useful hints or retrieval cues.
A five-year-old describes going to the dentist as, "You get in the car, drive there, get out, go
inside, wait, get in the dental chair, get teeth fixed, jump from the chair, walk to the car, and go
home." This is a - ✔✔memory script.
Researchers have found that African adolescents display better recall for orally transmitted
stories than do American adolescents. This is an example of - ✔✔cross-cultural differences in
the tools of intellectual adaptation for remembering.
In the study of preschoolers' efforts to move gumballs between bowls, Brown and Kane found
that children - ✔✔used analogical hints effectively to solve the task.
In Binet's intelligence test, what was meant by the expression, "mental age of seven"? -
✔✔The child passed items that most seven-year-olds pass.
Louis Thurstone's factor analyses led him to the theoretical conclusion that Spearman's g-factor
is - ✔✔actually seven separate mental abilities.
In Sternberg's triarchic theory, the componential (information-processing) component of
intellect includes - ✔✔knowledge, strategies, and metacognition.
Test norms for IQ tests - ✔✔are based on average scores and variations within large pretested
samples for the age group.
Review
In Piaget's cognitive developmental theory, the basic goal of intelligence is to - ✔✔adapt to the
environment
Four-year-old Britney mistakes her neighbor's new pet rabbit for a kitten. Britney's error
illustrates the Piagetian process of - ✔✔assimilation.
The preoperational principle called centration means that the child - ✔✔attends to each
object's single most salient feature.
Recent theoretical discussion on Piaget's stages has focused on the issue of whether -
✔✔cognition develops continuously instead of in stages.
According to Vygotsky, ____ development refers to short-term longitudinal changes in the
child's competencies or performances. - ✔✔microgenetic
The formal education of children in the United States and Europe primarily involves -
✔✔context-independent learning.
Which theorist(s) regarded the child's self-directed speech to be important, sophisticated,
purposive, or communicative? - ✔✔Vygotsky, but not Piaget
The use of the computer as a model for understanding the child's mind is part of the -
✔✔information-processing perspective.
Which maturational change has been identified as the source of age-related improvements in
children's processing speed? - ✔✔Myelinization of the brain's associative areas
, Theorists such as Kipp and Bjorklund have claimed that inhibitory processes are needed so that
the child - ✔✔can suppress task-irrelevant distracting thoughts.
Free recall refers to recalling - ✔✔in the absence of useful hints or retrieval cues.
A five-year-old describes going to the dentist as, "You get in the car, drive there, get out, go
inside, wait, get in the dental chair, get teeth fixed, jump from the chair, walk to the car, and go
home." This is a - ✔✔memory script.
Researchers have found that African adolescents display better recall for orally transmitted
stories than do American adolescents. This is an example of - ✔✔cross-cultural differences in
the tools of intellectual adaptation for remembering.
In the study of preschoolers' efforts to move gumballs between bowls, Brown and Kane found
that children - ✔✔used analogical hints effectively to solve the task.
In Binet's intelligence test, what was meant by the expression, "mental age of seven"? -
✔✔The child passed items that most seven-year-olds pass.
Louis Thurstone's factor analyses led him to the theoretical conclusion that Spearman's g-factor
is - ✔✔actually seven separate mental abilities.
In Sternberg's triarchic theory, the componential (information-processing) component of
intellect includes - ✔✔knowledge, strategies, and metacognition.
Test norms for IQ tests - ✔✔are based on average scores and variations within large pretested
samples for the age group.
