📚 APEA 3P EXAM – CONCISE STUDY NOTES
👁️ OPHTHALMOLOGY
Snellen test evaluates CN II (optic nerve)
20/30–20/40 in adults → needs further evaluation
In children, mild variation may be normal
🧠 PSYCHIATRY
Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy
→ caregiver induces illness in another for attention
Depression linked to:
↓ serotonin
↓ norepinephrine
🧴 DERMATOLOGY
Melanoma signs (ABCDE):
Asymmetry
Border irregular
Color variation
Diameter >6 mm
Evolution
Tinea capitis
→ scaly patches + hair loss
Herpes Zoster
→ painful dermatomal rash
❤️ CARDIOVASCULAR
Peripheral artery disease
→ dull cramping leg pain with activity
Heart sounds
S1 → AV valves close
S2 → semilunar valves close
S3 → heart failure
S4 → LVH
Endocarditis signs
Janeway lesions → painless
Osler nodes → painful
👁️ OPHTHALMOLOGY
Snellen test evaluates CN II (optic nerve)
20/30–20/40 in adults → needs further evaluation
In children, mild variation may be normal
🧠 PSYCHIATRY
Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy
→ caregiver induces illness in another for attention
Depression linked to:
↓ serotonin
↓ norepinephrine
🧴 DERMATOLOGY
Melanoma signs (ABCDE):
Asymmetry
Border irregular
Color variation
Diameter >6 mm
Evolution
Tinea capitis
→ scaly patches + hair loss
Herpes Zoster
→ painful dermatomal rash
❤️ CARDIOVASCULAR
Peripheral artery disease
→ dull cramping leg pain with activity
Heart sounds
S1 → AV valves close
S2 → semilunar valves close
S3 → heart failure
S4 → LVH
Endocarditis signs
Janeway lesions → painless
Osler nodes → painful
