NUR 354 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
1. What are the two primary components of the CNS? -Brain
-Spinal cord
2. What are the two subdivisions of the peripheral nervous
system? -Somatic nervous system (controls voluntary movements)
-Autonomic nervous system (controls involuntary responses)
3. What are the two subdivisions of the autonomic nervous
system? -Sympathetic division
-Parasympathetic division
4. What is the characteristic set of signs and symptoms
produced when the sympathetic nervous system is activated?
Fight-or-flight response
5. What is the set of signs and symptoms produced when the
parasympathetic nervous system is activated? Rest-and-digest
response
6. What are effects of the sympathetic nervous system? -Dilates
pupils
-Inhibits salivation
-Accelerates heart rate, contractility
-Dilates bronchioles
-Stimulates release of glucose
,7. What are effects of the parasympathetic nervous system? -
Constricts pupils
-Stimulates salivation
-Slows heart rate, contractility
-Constricts bronchioles
8. What is the primary neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic
nervous sys- team? Acetylcholine (Ache)
9. What is the role of acetylcholinesterase (Ache)? An enzyme that
destroys acetylcholine (Ache)
10. What are the receptors of the parasympathetic nervous
system called? -
Cholinergic
11. What are drugs that inhibit the parasympathetic nervous
system? Antichain- eric
,12. What are examples of acetylcholinesterase
(Ache)/cholinesterase in- heritors? -Donepezil (Aricept)
-Galantamine (Raza dyne)
-Rivastigmine (Exelon)
13. What is the MOA of donepezil (Aricept)? Increases the amount of
acetylcholine (Ache) by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (Ache)
14. What is the indication of acetylcholinesterase
(Ache)/cholinesterase in- heritors? Alzheimer's disease
15. What is the indication of bethanechol (Urecholine)? Urinary
retention
16. What is the MOA of bethanechol (Urecholine)? Binds to cholinergic
receptors to produce the rest-and-digest response that relaxes the bladder
17. What is a cholinergic crisis? Symptoms that occur when a patient is given
too much cholinergic medication
18. What are symptoms of a cholinergic crisis?
Salivation Lacrimation
Urinati
on
Defecati
on
Gastrointestinal distress
Emesis
19. What is the MOA of anticholinergics? Blocks the detect of acetylcholine
and causes sympathetic
nervous system actions to predominate
20. What is the indication of ipratropium (Atrovent) and
, tiotropium (Spiriva)? -
-Asthma
-COPD
21. What is the indication for scopolamine (Transdermal-Scop)? -
Motion sickness
-Adjunct to anesthesia
22. What is the indication for atropine (Atropine)? -Increase heart
rate
-Dilate pupils
23. What is the indication for dicyclomine (Bently)? irritable bowel
syndrome
24. What is the indication for benztropine (Cogentin)? Parkinson's
disease
25. What are therapeutic uses of anticholinergics? -GI disorders
(IBS)
-Ophthalmic procedures
1. What are the two primary components of the CNS? -Brain
-Spinal cord
2. What are the two subdivisions of the peripheral nervous
system? -Somatic nervous system (controls voluntary movements)
-Autonomic nervous system (controls involuntary responses)
3. What are the two subdivisions of the autonomic nervous
system? -Sympathetic division
-Parasympathetic division
4. What is the characteristic set of signs and symptoms
produced when the sympathetic nervous system is activated?
Fight-or-flight response
5. What is the set of signs and symptoms produced when the
parasympathetic nervous system is activated? Rest-and-digest
response
6. What are effects of the sympathetic nervous system? -Dilates
pupils
-Inhibits salivation
-Accelerates heart rate, contractility
-Dilates bronchioles
-Stimulates release of glucose
,7. What are effects of the parasympathetic nervous system? -
Constricts pupils
-Stimulates salivation
-Slows heart rate, contractility
-Constricts bronchioles
8. What is the primary neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic
nervous sys- team? Acetylcholine (Ache)
9. What is the role of acetylcholinesterase (Ache)? An enzyme that
destroys acetylcholine (Ache)
10. What are the receptors of the parasympathetic nervous
system called? -
Cholinergic
11. What are drugs that inhibit the parasympathetic nervous
system? Antichain- eric
,12. What are examples of acetylcholinesterase
(Ache)/cholinesterase in- heritors? -Donepezil (Aricept)
-Galantamine (Raza dyne)
-Rivastigmine (Exelon)
13. What is the MOA of donepezil (Aricept)? Increases the amount of
acetylcholine (Ache) by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (Ache)
14. What is the indication of acetylcholinesterase
(Ache)/cholinesterase in- heritors? Alzheimer's disease
15. What is the indication of bethanechol (Urecholine)? Urinary
retention
16. What is the MOA of bethanechol (Urecholine)? Binds to cholinergic
receptors to produce the rest-and-digest response that relaxes the bladder
17. What is a cholinergic crisis? Symptoms that occur when a patient is given
too much cholinergic medication
18. What are symptoms of a cholinergic crisis?
Salivation Lacrimation
Urinati
on
Defecati
on
Gastrointestinal distress
Emesis
19. What is the MOA of anticholinergics? Blocks the detect of acetylcholine
and causes sympathetic
nervous system actions to predominate
20. What is the indication of ipratropium (Atrovent) and
, tiotropium (Spiriva)? -
-Asthma
-COPD
21. What is the indication for scopolamine (Transdermal-Scop)? -
Motion sickness
-Adjunct to anesthesia
22. What is the indication for atropine (Atropine)? -Increase heart
rate
-Dilate pupils
23. What is the indication for dicyclomine (Bently)? irritable bowel
syndrome
24. What is the indication for benztropine (Cogentin)? Parkinson's
disease
25. What are therapeutic uses of anticholinergics? -GI disorders
(IBS)
-Ophthalmic procedures
