NUR 354 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
1. What drug class do furosemide and bumetanide fall
under? loop diuretics
2. what is the pharmacological action of loop diuretics? - block
reabsorption of sodium, chloride, and water in the loop of Henle
3. Which diuretic class still works well in kidney
impairment? loop diuretics
4. What are the therapeutic uses associated with loop
diuretics? - reduce edema from HF, cirrhosis, and renal failure
- can be used to temporarily treat hypertension from FVE
5. What are the drug interactions associated with loop
diuretics? - hypokalemia risk: may cause dysrhythmias with digoxin and
cardiac glycosides (heart failure meds)
- caution with meds that are nephrotoxic or ototoxic like opioids and amino-glycoside
antibiotics
- may counteract insulin and cause hyperglycemia due to increased blood
concentration
6. What are the food interactions associated with loop
diuretics? - hawthorn= hypotension
,- ginseng and high sodium reduce attentiveness
7. What side effects are associated with loop diuretics? -
hypokalemia and other electrolyte imbalances
- dehydration
- hypotension
- hypovolemia
8. What adverse effects are associated with loop diuretics? -
ototoxicity: tinnitus, vertigo, nausea
- hyperglycemia
- hyperuricemia
- increased LDL and decreased HDL
9. What are some nursing interventions for loop diuretics? -
obtain baseline data: vitals, diuretics? amount and placement of edema,
lung sounds, skin turgor, mucus membrane assessment
- daily weights at same time each day
- monitor electrolyte levels
- monitor BP and HR/pulses before administration
10. What are some safety considerations for loop diuretics? tell
provider if any of these symptoms develop: dry mouth, increased thirst,
muscle cramps, n/v,
, symptoms of orthostatic hypotension such as dizziness, lightheadedness, and syncope
may occur
11. What should you educate patients on if they are
receiving loop diuretics? - change positions slowly
- tell provider if signs of dehydration or electrolyte imbalance occur
12. How should you evaluate for loop diuretic effectiveness?
daily weights, diuretics? electrolyte levels, kidney function monitoring
(serum creatinine and serum BUN)
13. What drug class is hydrochlorothiazide in? thiazide diuretic
14. What is the pharmacological action of thiazide diuretics?
blocks sodium, chloride, and water reabsorption in the kidney tubule which
encourages potassium and water excretion
15. What are the therapeutic uses of thiazide diuretics? - first
choice for treating HTN quickly
- edema from HF, liver and kidney disease
- reduces urine production in diabetes insipidus
- good for osteoporosis because it promotes calcium reabsorption
16. True or false: thiazide diuretics are equally as effective
as loop diuretics: false: thiazide diuretics are less detective than loop
diuretics
17. What are the drug interactions associated with thiazide
diuretics? - use w/ other HTN meds will add to detects on BP
- may reduce efficacy of anticoagulants and insulin
1. What drug class do furosemide and bumetanide fall
under? loop diuretics
2. what is the pharmacological action of loop diuretics? - block
reabsorption of sodium, chloride, and water in the loop of Henle
3. Which diuretic class still works well in kidney
impairment? loop diuretics
4. What are the therapeutic uses associated with loop
diuretics? - reduce edema from HF, cirrhosis, and renal failure
- can be used to temporarily treat hypertension from FVE
5. What are the drug interactions associated with loop
diuretics? - hypokalemia risk: may cause dysrhythmias with digoxin and
cardiac glycosides (heart failure meds)
- caution with meds that are nephrotoxic or ototoxic like opioids and amino-glycoside
antibiotics
- may counteract insulin and cause hyperglycemia due to increased blood
concentration
6. What are the food interactions associated with loop
diuretics? - hawthorn= hypotension
,- ginseng and high sodium reduce attentiveness
7. What side effects are associated with loop diuretics? -
hypokalemia and other electrolyte imbalances
- dehydration
- hypotension
- hypovolemia
8. What adverse effects are associated with loop diuretics? -
ototoxicity: tinnitus, vertigo, nausea
- hyperglycemia
- hyperuricemia
- increased LDL and decreased HDL
9. What are some nursing interventions for loop diuretics? -
obtain baseline data: vitals, diuretics? amount and placement of edema,
lung sounds, skin turgor, mucus membrane assessment
- daily weights at same time each day
- monitor electrolyte levels
- monitor BP and HR/pulses before administration
10. What are some safety considerations for loop diuretics? tell
provider if any of these symptoms develop: dry mouth, increased thirst,
muscle cramps, n/v,
, symptoms of orthostatic hypotension such as dizziness, lightheadedness, and syncope
may occur
11. What should you educate patients on if they are
receiving loop diuretics? - change positions slowly
- tell provider if signs of dehydration or electrolyte imbalance occur
12. How should you evaluate for loop diuretic effectiveness?
daily weights, diuretics? electrolyte levels, kidney function monitoring
(serum creatinine and serum BUN)
13. What drug class is hydrochlorothiazide in? thiazide diuretic
14. What is the pharmacological action of thiazide diuretics?
blocks sodium, chloride, and water reabsorption in the kidney tubule which
encourages potassium and water excretion
15. What are the therapeutic uses of thiazide diuretics? - first
choice for treating HTN quickly
- edema from HF, liver and kidney disease
- reduces urine production in diabetes insipidus
- good for osteoporosis because it promotes calcium reabsorption
16. True or false: thiazide diuretics are equally as effective
as loop diuretics: false: thiazide diuretics are less detective than loop
diuretics
17. What are the drug interactions associated with thiazide
diuretics? - use w/ other HTN meds will add to detects on BP
- may reduce efficacy of anticoagulants and insulin
