PSY 333 Abnormal Psychology Exam 1 Study Guide: Foundations Review
What are the 4 D's that define abnormality? - correct answer ✔✔Deviance, Dangerousness,
Dysfunction, Distress
Define deviance - correct answer ✔✔Any behavior that violates significant social norms in
society: different, extreme behavior but only if deviance comes from within the individual
Define dangerousness - correct answer ✔✔Danger to self or others - subjective (drinking and
driving)
Define dysfunction - correct answer ✔✔interference with normal, daily functioning (hangover)
Define distress - correct answer ✔✔Behavior that causes distress to self or others (anxiety, OCD,
drug/substance abuse)
What is the DSM definition of mental disorder? - correct answer ✔✔Disturbance in an
individual's cognition, emotion, regulation or behavior that reflect a dysfunction in the
psychological, biological, or developmental processes function
What does the DSM stand for? - correct answer ✔✔Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders
What were believed to be the causes of mental illness in the Middle Ages? - correct answer
✔✔Demonology: evil spirits, burned "witches"
What did Hippocrates contribute to psychology? - correct answer ✔✔- Father of modern
medicine
- Thought illness was from internal physical problems
,- imbalance of humors: ylw bile (aggression), blk bile (melancholia), sanguine (blood), phlegm
Who created the DSM? - correct answer ✔✔Emile Kraeplin
Who created/founded Psychoanalysis? - correct answer ✔✔Sigmund Freud
What are the unconscious forces believed to influence mental health and illness? - correct
answer ✔✔-Id: pleasure principal
-Ego: developed, realistic principal
-Superego: morality principal
According to Psychoanalysis and Freud, what causes mental illness? - correct answer
✔✔Imbalance between id, ego, and superego
What were the 2 competing perspectives to explain mental illness in the 20th century? Briefly
describe - correct answer ✔✔- Somatogenic: biological causes
- Psychogenic: psychological causes
Name ineffective treatments used regarding somatogenic causes - correct answer ✔✔-
Lobotomy
- Eugenic sterilization
- Tooth extraction
- Tonsillectomy
- Hydrotherapy
Name effective treatments used regarding psychogenic causes - correct answer ✔✔-
Electroconvulsive therapy
- Psychotropic medications
, What treatment was created/used by Franz Mesmer? - correct answer ✔✔- Hypnosis
- Believed mental illness due to animal magnetism
Define psychogenic - correct answer ✔✔Causes of mental illness are psychological
Who was Frank Mesmer? What did he believe caused mental illness? - correct answer ✔✔-
Used/founded hypnosis (mesmerize)
- Believed mental illness caused by animal magnetism
Chapter 2: Research in Abnormal Psychology - correct answer ✔✔
Define research - correct answer ✔✔the systematic search for facts using careful observations
and investigation
What do clinical researchers (clinical scientists) do? - correct answer ✔✔- Discover universal
laws and principles
- Do not typically assess, diagnose, or treat individual clients
- Rely on the scientific method
What do clinical practitioners do? - correct answer ✔✔Role is to detect, assess, and treat
abnormal patterns of functioning
What 3 methods of investigation do clinical researchers rely on? - correct answer ✔✔- Case
study
- Correlational method
- Experimental method
What are the 4 D's that define abnormality? - correct answer ✔✔Deviance, Dangerousness,
Dysfunction, Distress
Define deviance - correct answer ✔✔Any behavior that violates significant social norms in
society: different, extreme behavior but only if deviance comes from within the individual
Define dangerousness - correct answer ✔✔Danger to self or others - subjective (drinking and
driving)
Define dysfunction - correct answer ✔✔interference with normal, daily functioning (hangover)
Define distress - correct answer ✔✔Behavior that causes distress to self or others (anxiety, OCD,
drug/substance abuse)
What is the DSM definition of mental disorder? - correct answer ✔✔Disturbance in an
individual's cognition, emotion, regulation or behavior that reflect a dysfunction in the
psychological, biological, or developmental processes function
What does the DSM stand for? - correct answer ✔✔Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders
What were believed to be the causes of mental illness in the Middle Ages? - correct answer
✔✔Demonology: evil spirits, burned "witches"
What did Hippocrates contribute to psychology? - correct answer ✔✔- Father of modern
medicine
- Thought illness was from internal physical problems
,- imbalance of humors: ylw bile (aggression), blk bile (melancholia), sanguine (blood), phlegm
Who created the DSM? - correct answer ✔✔Emile Kraeplin
Who created/founded Psychoanalysis? - correct answer ✔✔Sigmund Freud
What are the unconscious forces believed to influence mental health and illness? - correct
answer ✔✔-Id: pleasure principal
-Ego: developed, realistic principal
-Superego: morality principal
According to Psychoanalysis and Freud, what causes mental illness? - correct answer
✔✔Imbalance between id, ego, and superego
What were the 2 competing perspectives to explain mental illness in the 20th century? Briefly
describe - correct answer ✔✔- Somatogenic: biological causes
- Psychogenic: psychological causes
Name ineffective treatments used regarding somatogenic causes - correct answer ✔✔-
Lobotomy
- Eugenic sterilization
- Tooth extraction
- Tonsillectomy
- Hydrotherapy
Name effective treatments used regarding psychogenic causes - correct answer ✔✔-
Electroconvulsive therapy
- Psychotropic medications
, What treatment was created/used by Franz Mesmer? - correct answer ✔✔- Hypnosis
- Believed mental illness due to animal magnetism
Define psychogenic - correct answer ✔✔Causes of mental illness are psychological
Who was Frank Mesmer? What did he believe caused mental illness? - correct answer ✔✔-
Used/founded hypnosis (mesmerize)
- Believed mental illness caused by animal magnetism
Chapter 2: Research in Abnormal Psychology - correct answer ✔✔
Define research - correct answer ✔✔the systematic search for facts using careful observations
and investigation
What do clinical researchers (clinical scientists) do? - correct answer ✔✔- Discover universal
laws and principles
- Do not typically assess, diagnose, or treat individual clients
- Rely on the scientific method
What do clinical practitioners do? - correct answer ✔✔Role is to detect, assess, and treat
abnormal patterns of functioning
What 3 methods of investigation do clinical researchers rely on? - correct answer ✔✔- Case
study
- Correlational method
- Experimental method
