NSG 4100 EXAM 3 (GALEN) NEWEST 2025 ACTUAL
EXAM| NSG4100 NURSING PRACTICE - ADULT
HEALTH III EXAM 3 REVIEW WITH 350 REAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS/
ALREADY GRADED A+ (BRAND NEW!!)
1. A nurse is caring for a patient with a pulmonary artery
catheter. Which value reflects left ventricular preload?
a) Central venous pressure (CVP)
b) Pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP)
c) Systemic vascular resistance (SVR)
d) Cardiac output (CO)
Answer: b
Rationale: PAWP reflects left atrial pressure and left ventricular
end-diastolic volume, which is left-sided preload. CVP reflects
right-sided preload. SVR is afterload, and CO is overall cardiac
function .
2. A patient's hemodynamic monitoring shows a CVP of 2
mm Hg. The nurse interprets this as:
a) Fluid overload
b) Normal right atrial pressure
1
,c) Hypovolemia
d) Left heart failure
Answer: c
*Rationale: Normal CVP is 2-8 mm Hg. A CVP <2 mm Hg
indicates reduced right ventricular preload, typically seen in
hypovolemia. Fluid resuscitation is likely indicated .*
3. A nurse reviews hemodynamic values. Which finding
indicates a patient is in cardiogenic shock?
a) Cardiac output (CO) 6 L/min, SVR low
b) Cardiac index (CI) 1.8 L/min/m², PAWP high
c) CVP low, blood pressure high
d) PAWP low, heart rate normal
Answer: b
*Rationale: Cardiogenic shock is characterized by decreased
cardiac output (CI <2.2 L/min/m²) with increased filling
pressures (PAWP >18 mm Hg) due to pump failure .*
4. Which finding indicates that fluid resuscitation is effective
in a patient in shock?
a) Blood pressure increases from 80/50 to 110/70 mm Hg
b) Heart rate rises from 90 to 120 bpm
2
,c) Urine output decreases to 20 mL/hr
d) Respiratory rate increases to 30/min
Answer: a
*Rationale: Improved perfusion is reflected by stable or
increased blood pressure, improved mental status, and urine
output >30 mL/hr. Tachycardia, low urine output, and tachypnea
indicate worsening condition or continued shock .*
5. A patient with an arterial line has a blood pressure of
180/90 mm Hg. The nurse notes the waveform is dampened.
What is the priority action?
a) Administer IV antihypertensive immediately
b) Re-zero the transducer at the phlebostatic axis
c) Check the square wave test for resonance
d) Notify the provider of the hypertension
Answer: c
Rationale: A dampened waveform suggests a problem with the
catheter (clot, air, kink). The nurse should perform the square wave
test (fast flush test) to check dynamic response. Re-zeroing corrects
drift, not dampening .
6. The nurse is caring for a patient with a pulmonary artery
catheter. The PAWP reading is 25 mm Hg. This is consistent
3
, with:
a) Hypovolemia
b) Left ventricular failure
c) Sepsis
d) Pulmonary embolism
Answer: b
*Rationale: Normal PAWP is 4-12 mm Hg. An elevated PAWP
(>18 mm Hg) indicates increased left ventricular end-diastolic
pressure, commonly seen in left ventricular failure, mitral
regurgitation, or fluid overload .*
7. Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR) is a measure of:
a) Preload
b) Contractility
c) Afterload
d) Cardiac output
Answer: c
Rationale: SVR is the resistance the left ventricle must overcome to
eject blood into the aorta. It represents left ventricular afterload.
Hypertension increases SVR, making the heart work harder .
8. A patient is in shock with a CVP of 1 mm Hg and BP of
85/40 mm Hg. What is the priority nursing intervention?
4
EXAM| NSG4100 NURSING PRACTICE - ADULT
HEALTH III EXAM 3 REVIEW WITH 350 REAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS/
ALREADY GRADED A+ (BRAND NEW!!)
1. A nurse is caring for a patient with a pulmonary artery
catheter. Which value reflects left ventricular preload?
a) Central venous pressure (CVP)
b) Pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP)
c) Systemic vascular resistance (SVR)
d) Cardiac output (CO)
Answer: b
Rationale: PAWP reflects left atrial pressure and left ventricular
end-diastolic volume, which is left-sided preload. CVP reflects
right-sided preload. SVR is afterload, and CO is overall cardiac
function .
2. A patient's hemodynamic monitoring shows a CVP of 2
mm Hg. The nurse interprets this as:
a) Fluid overload
b) Normal right atrial pressure
1
,c) Hypovolemia
d) Left heart failure
Answer: c
*Rationale: Normal CVP is 2-8 mm Hg. A CVP <2 mm Hg
indicates reduced right ventricular preload, typically seen in
hypovolemia. Fluid resuscitation is likely indicated .*
3. A nurse reviews hemodynamic values. Which finding
indicates a patient is in cardiogenic shock?
a) Cardiac output (CO) 6 L/min, SVR low
b) Cardiac index (CI) 1.8 L/min/m², PAWP high
c) CVP low, blood pressure high
d) PAWP low, heart rate normal
Answer: b
*Rationale: Cardiogenic shock is characterized by decreased
cardiac output (CI <2.2 L/min/m²) with increased filling
pressures (PAWP >18 mm Hg) due to pump failure .*
4. Which finding indicates that fluid resuscitation is effective
in a patient in shock?
a) Blood pressure increases from 80/50 to 110/70 mm Hg
b) Heart rate rises from 90 to 120 bpm
2
,c) Urine output decreases to 20 mL/hr
d) Respiratory rate increases to 30/min
Answer: a
*Rationale: Improved perfusion is reflected by stable or
increased blood pressure, improved mental status, and urine
output >30 mL/hr. Tachycardia, low urine output, and tachypnea
indicate worsening condition or continued shock .*
5. A patient with an arterial line has a blood pressure of
180/90 mm Hg. The nurse notes the waveform is dampened.
What is the priority action?
a) Administer IV antihypertensive immediately
b) Re-zero the transducer at the phlebostatic axis
c) Check the square wave test for resonance
d) Notify the provider of the hypertension
Answer: c
Rationale: A dampened waveform suggests a problem with the
catheter (clot, air, kink). The nurse should perform the square wave
test (fast flush test) to check dynamic response. Re-zeroing corrects
drift, not dampening .
6. The nurse is caring for a patient with a pulmonary artery
catheter. The PAWP reading is 25 mm Hg. This is consistent
3
, with:
a) Hypovolemia
b) Left ventricular failure
c) Sepsis
d) Pulmonary embolism
Answer: b
*Rationale: Normal PAWP is 4-12 mm Hg. An elevated PAWP
(>18 mm Hg) indicates increased left ventricular end-diastolic
pressure, commonly seen in left ventricular failure, mitral
regurgitation, or fluid overload .*
7. Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR) is a measure of:
a) Preload
b) Contractility
c) Afterload
d) Cardiac output
Answer: c
Rationale: SVR is the resistance the left ventricle must overcome to
eject blood into the aorta. It represents left ventricular afterload.
Hypertension increases SVR, making the heart work harder .
8. A patient is in shock with a CVP of 1 mm Hg and BP of
85/40 mm Hg. What is the priority nursing intervention?
4
