Augustaathdodtrgins & Ultrastructure 12.2
prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cell structures
Prokaryotic simplest
-
cell structure
first
+
organism to evolve on Earth
+
contains a domains:
·
Bacteria or Eubacteria -
'true'bacteria
2.9 E.coli
Archaebacteria -
Found in extreme environment
such as high temperature
& salt concentration
e.g methanogens (organisms that
exist
in anaerobic conditions &
produce methane gas
Size 0.1mm-5.0Nm
=
extremely small
+ no nucleus, genetic material instead
Single circular DNA
molecule,
+
located in
the nucleoid
in smaller loop
called plasmid
cell structure =
Not dividedinto compartment
+
+lacks membrane-bound organelles (except for
ribsomes) 70s
- Smaller ribsome than eukaryotic
cell
murein/peptidoglycan
+cell walls containing
⑰
protection
+
maintain
+
shape can retain dye called
+>
prevents cells from bursting makes
crystal violet it
Gram positive
cell membrane made of lipidbilayer
+
, External features: small loop of DNA
that
are
-
+
Plasmid separate from the main circular
*eversecure
bacteria
·prevent
-+
from drying out Capsules
or attackedby genes
cells of immune +Flagellum
systems of host
+
Be
tail like
organism Pili structure that
I rotates for movement
-thinner structures like flagellum
-
movement
assist
-
avoidance attack by white bloodcells
-
conjugation (sexual mode for bacterial -used to allow bacteria to
adhere to cell surface
prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cell structures
Prokaryotic simplest
-
cell structure
first
+
organism to evolve on Earth
+
contains a domains:
·
Bacteria or Eubacteria -
'true'bacteria
2.9 E.coli
Archaebacteria -
Found in extreme environment
such as high temperature
& salt concentration
e.g methanogens (organisms that
exist
in anaerobic conditions &
produce methane gas
Size 0.1mm-5.0Nm
=
extremely small
+ no nucleus, genetic material instead
Single circular DNA
molecule,
+
located in
the nucleoid
in smaller loop
called plasmid
cell structure =
Not dividedinto compartment
+
+lacks membrane-bound organelles (except for
ribsomes) 70s
- Smaller ribsome than eukaryotic
cell
murein/peptidoglycan
+cell walls containing
⑰
protection
+
maintain
+
shape can retain dye called
+>
prevents cells from bursting makes
crystal violet it
Gram positive
cell membrane made of lipidbilayer
+
, External features: small loop of DNA
that
are
-
+
Plasmid separate from the main circular
*eversecure
bacteria
·prevent
-+
from drying out Capsules
or attackedby genes
cells of immune +Flagellum
systems of host
+
Be
tail like
organism Pili structure that
I rotates for movement
-thinner structures like flagellum
-
movement
assist
-
avoidance attack by white bloodcells
-
conjugation (sexual mode for bacterial -used to allow bacteria to
adhere to cell surface
