Enzymes C1.1
Metabolism:complex network of interdependent& interacting
chemical reactions occuring in living organisms
(majority being enzyme controlled)
Diffrent
classification chemical
of reactions in living organisms
Anabolic:enzyme bring the substrate molecule together to build a larger
molecule (condensation reactions)
Catabolic:enzyme active site affect
the bonds in substrate
so they break to smaller molecules (hydrolysis reaction
Enzymes:Biological catalyst, speed up metabolic reaction in living
cells being
without used themselves
globular proteins
Enzymes inrecentintheneces
Enzymes globular protein
-> with specifically active site
shaped
determined tertiary structure
by
Enzyme. Substrate specificity
-
Active site have specific shape due to tertiary structure of protein
change in shape of the protein affects shape of activesite & the
-
function the
of enzyme
Denaturation
reasons for denaturation =
S
+ extreme ph
+ extreme heat irriversible change
to a protein
+heavy metal
denaturation ->
destroys the tertiary or quaternary conformation a
of
protein
, minor
->
temperature increase possible
->
reversible denaturation
Enzyme & Temperature
If too
high temp too much vibration
hydrogen bonds
-
-
within the enzymes breaks.
Enzyme & Ph
extreme ph-4 denature enzyme by altering the three dimensional
structure of it's active site
Thermodynamics of Enzymes
-Enzyme reduce the activation energy for a reaction by forming
an enzyme-substrate complex
neededto
Activation
~
of
energy:amount energy a
start reaction
anabolic reaction
+ -the
enzyme holds the substrates close to
one another, reducing repulsion &
allowing
them to bondmore easily
catabolic into the active site
+ reactions -
fitting the substrate
puts strain on the bonds, making them
easier to break
Factors affecting rate of enzyme-catalysedreactions
-Substrate concentration
+
Enzyme Concentration
Metabolism:complex network of interdependent& interacting
chemical reactions occuring in living organisms
(majority being enzyme controlled)
Diffrent
classification chemical
of reactions in living organisms
Anabolic:enzyme bring the substrate molecule together to build a larger
molecule (condensation reactions)
Catabolic:enzyme active site affect
the bonds in substrate
so they break to smaller molecules (hydrolysis reaction
Enzymes:Biological catalyst, speed up metabolic reaction in living
cells being
without used themselves
globular proteins
Enzymes inrecentintheneces
Enzymes globular protein
-> with specifically active site
shaped
determined tertiary structure
by
Enzyme. Substrate specificity
-
Active site have specific shape due to tertiary structure of protein
change in shape of the protein affects shape of activesite & the
-
function the
of enzyme
Denaturation
reasons for denaturation =
S
+ extreme ph
+ extreme heat irriversible change
to a protein
+heavy metal
denaturation ->
destroys the tertiary or quaternary conformation a
of
protein
, minor
->
temperature increase possible
->
reversible denaturation
Enzyme & Temperature
If too
high temp too much vibration
hydrogen bonds
-
-
within the enzymes breaks.
Enzyme & Ph
extreme ph-4 denature enzyme by altering the three dimensional
structure of it's active site
Thermodynamics of Enzymes
-Enzyme reduce the activation energy for a reaction by forming
an enzyme-substrate complex
neededto
Activation
~
of
energy:amount energy a
start reaction
anabolic reaction
+ -the
enzyme holds the substrates close to
one another, reducing repulsion &
allowing
them to bondmore easily
catabolic into the active site
+ reactions -
fitting the substrate
puts strain on the bonds, making them
easier to break
Factors affecting rate of enzyme-catalysedreactions
-Substrate concentration
+
Enzyme Concentration
