NSG3600 Exam 3 V2 | NSG 3600 Nursing
Practice – Children’s Health Exam Q&A | Galen
College of Nursing
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This study guide is intended to provide comprehensive preparation for pediatric nursing
assessments related to complex childhood disorders, developmental nursing care, and
advanced pediatric interventions. The content reflects practical nursing concepts commonly
tested in pediatric nursing examinations.
This version contains realistic exam-style questions designed to strengthen understanding of
chronic pediatric illnesses, developmental assessment findings, and therapeutic nursing
interventions. Detailed expert explanations support concept mastery and practical nursing
application.
════════════════════════════════════
The Exam Covers:
• Pediatric endocrine disorders
• Congenital abnormalities in children
• Developmental milestone delays
• Pediatric cardiac assessment
• Neurological assessment in children
• Pediatric mobility and safety
• Child and family adaptation strategies
• Pediatric patient advocacy
════════════════════════════════════
1. A nurse is assessing an infant with suspected increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which
finding should the nurse prioritize?
A. Sunken anterior fontanel
B. Decreased head circumference
,C. Increased appetite
D. High-pitched, shrill cry
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: A high-pitched, shrill cry is a classic sign of increased intracranial
pressure in infants due to neurological distress. In contrast, the fontanel would be bulging
rather than sunken if pressure is high. Head circumference typically increases in infants
with high ICP as the cranial sutures have not yet fused.
2. When caring for a child with Tetralogy of Fallot, the nurse observes the child suddenly
becoming cyanotic and tachypneic. What is the priority nursing action?
A. Administer a dose of Digoxin
B. Place the child in a knee-chest position
C. Prepare for immediate endotracheal intubation
D. Encourage the child to walk to improve circulation
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: The knee-chest position increases systemic vascular resistance,
which helps reduce the right-to-left shunt seen during a ‘Tet spell.’ This maneuver
improves pulmonary blood flow and increases oxygenation. It is the immediate first-line
intervention before pharmacological or more invasive measures are considered.
,3. A school-age child is diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Which statement by the
parent indicates a need for further teaching?
A. I will make sure my child wears a medical alert bracelet.
B. We will give extra insulin if my child plans to play soccer.
C. I will check my child’s blood glucose before they exercise.
D. We need to carry a source of fast-acting sugar at all times.
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: Exercise actually lowers blood glucose levels, so giving extra insulin
before activity could cause severe hypoglycemia. Instead, the child may need a snack or a
reduction in insulin dosage prior to physical exertion. Parents must understand the balance
between activity, carbohydrate intake, and insulin administration to maintain stability.
4. The nurse is evaluating a 15-month-old child for developmental delays. Which finding
would be most concerning to the nurse?
A. Inability to stand without support
B. Inability to say 50 words
C. Inability to use a spoon perfectly
D. Inability to walk up stairs independently
Correct Answer: A
, Expert Explanation: By 15 months, most children should be able to stand alone and
usually take at least a few steps independently. While speech varies, the total absence of
standing or weight-bearing indicates a significant gross motor delay. Walking up stairs
independently and using a spoon perfectly are skills that typically develop later in the
toddler or preschool years.
5. A child is admitted with suspected Rheumatic Fever. Which assessment finding is most
characteristic of this condition?
A. Strawberry tongue
B. Permanent hearing loss
C. Polyarthritis with red, swollen joints
D. Generalized petechiae
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: Migratory polyarthritis, characterized by red, swollen, and painful
joints, is one of the major Jones criteria for diagnosing Rheumatic Fever. It typically affects
the larger joints like the knees, elbows, and wrists. This inflammatory process occurs
following an untreated Group A streptococcal infection.
6. Which clinical manifestation is expected in a child diagnosed with Coarctation of the Aorta?
A. Stronger pulses in the legs than the arms
B. Low blood pressure in the brachial artery
C. Cyanosis of the upper body
Practice – Children’s Health Exam Q&A | Galen
College of Nursing
────────────────────────────────────
This study guide is intended to provide comprehensive preparation for pediatric nursing
assessments related to complex childhood disorders, developmental nursing care, and
advanced pediatric interventions. The content reflects practical nursing concepts commonly
tested in pediatric nursing examinations.
This version contains realistic exam-style questions designed to strengthen understanding of
chronic pediatric illnesses, developmental assessment findings, and therapeutic nursing
interventions. Detailed expert explanations support concept mastery and practical nursing
application.
════════════════════════════════════
The Exam Covers:
• Pediatric endocrine disorders
• Congenital abnormalities in children
• Developmental milestone delays
• Pediatric cardiac assessment
• Neurological assessment in children
• Pediatric mobility and safety
• Child and family adaptation strategies
• Pediatric patient advocacy
════════════════════════════════════
1. A nurse is assessing an infant with suspected increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which
finding should the nurse prioritize?
A. Sunken anterior fontanel
B. Decreased head circumference
,C. Increased appetite
D. High-pitched, shrill cry
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: A high-pitched, shrill cry is a classic sign of increased intracranial
pressure in infants due to neurological distress. In contrast, the fontanel would be bulging
rather than sunken if pressure is high. Head circumference typically increases in infants
with high ICP as the cranial sutures have not yet fused.
2. When caring for a child with Tetralogy of Fallot, the nurse observes the child suddenly
becoming cyanotic and tachypneic. What is the priority nursing action?
A. Administer a dose of Digoxin
B. Place the child in a knee-chest position
C. Prepare for immediate endotracheal intubation
D. Encourage the child to walk to improve circulation
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: The knee-chest position increases systemic vascular resistance,
which helps reduce the right-to-left shunt seen during a ‘Tet spell.’ This maneuver
improves pulmonary blood flow and increases oxygenation. It is the immediate first-line
intervention before pharmacological or more invasive measures are considered.
,3. A school-age child is diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Which statement by the
parent indicates a need for further teaching?
A. I will make sure my child wears a medical alert bracelet.
B. We will give extra insulin if my child plans to play soccer.
C. I will check my child’s blood glucose before they exercise.
D. We need to carry a source of fast-acting sugar at all times.
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: Exercise actually lowers blood glucose levels, so giving extra insulin
before activity could cause severe hypoglycemia. Instead, the child may need a snack or a
reduction in insulin dosage prior to physical exertion. Parents must understand the balance
between activity, carbohydrate intake, and insulin administration to maintain stability.
4. The nurse is evaluating a 15-month-old child for developmental delays. Which finding
would be most concerning to the nurse?
A. Inability to stand without support
B. Inability to say 50 words
C. Inability to use a spoon perfectly
D. Inability to walk up stairs independently
Correct Answer: A
, Expert Explanation: By 15 months, most children should be able to stand alone and
usually take at least a few steps independently. While speech varies, the total absence of
standing or weight-bearing indicates a significant gross motor delay. Walking up stairs
independently and using a spoon perfectly are skills that typically develop later in the
toddler or preschool years.
5. A child is admitted with suspected Rheumatic Fever. Which assessment finding is most
characteristic of this condition?
A. Strawberry tongue
B. Permanent hearing loss
C. Polyarthritis with red, swollen joints
D. Generalized petechiae
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: Migratory polyarthritis, characterized by red, swollen, and painful
joints, is one of the major Jones criteria for diagnosing Rheumatic Fever. It typically affects
the larger joints like the knees, elbows, and wrists. This inflammatory process occurs
following an untreated Group A streptococcal infection.
6. Which clinical manifestation is expected in a child diagnosed with Coarctation of the Aorta?
A. Stronger pulses in the legs than the arms
B. Low blood pressure in the brachial artery
C. Cyanosis of the upper body
