Comprehensive Neuro Exam, CN and Sensory Testing
UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
Components of the Comprehensive Neuro Exam - Mental Status
- CN Exam
- Sensory Testing
- Motor Testing (tone, strength, reflexes)
- Coordination
- Balance
-Gait
Quick Screen Mental Status Exams Short Blessed Test
6 Item Screener
Mini Cog
Longer/In Depth Mental Status Exams MoCA (Montreal Cognitive Assessment)
Mini Mental (MMSE)
SLUMS (St. Louis University Mental Status)
Spasticity velocity dependent resistance to passive stretch
Hypertonia increased muscle tone or tightness
Hypotonia reduced muscle tone or tension
Cog-Wheel Rigidity rigidity interrupted by a series of brief relaxations common in Parkinsons Disease
Lead Pipe Rigidity form of rigidity where there is uniform and constant resistance to ROM, often
associated with Parkinsons
Dystonia neurological movement disorder characterized by involuntary, sustained, or
repetitive muscle contractions, causing twisting, turning, and abnormal postures
Reflex Spinal Levels Biceps Reflex: C5-C6
Brachioradialis Reflex: C6
Triceps Reflex: C7
Patellar Reflex (Knee Jerk): L3-L4
Achilles Reflex (Ankle Jerk): S1-S2
Hoffmanns Sign flicking of middle finger initiates index finger and thumb to come together (UMN)
Dysmetria inability to control the distance, power, and speed of a muscular action
Dysdiadochokinesia inability to perform rapid alternating movements
, Romberg test Feet together, arms at side, patient stands for about 30 seconds with eyes open,
ensuring stability, then patient closes their eyes, and the observer watches for
increased swaying or loss of balance for up to 60 seconds.
Sharpened Romberg Test same as romberg except in tandem stance
Free Nerve Endings pain, temperature, touch, pressure, tickle, and itch
Hair Folicles free nerve ending is intertwined - sensitive to mechanical movement and touch
Merkel's Discs sensitive to low intensity touch, velocity of touch, constant indentation of the skin,
perception of constant contact and touch discrimination and localization
Ruffini Endings deep dermis, encapsulated, perception of touch and pressure, skin deformation due
to tension or stretch
Meissner's Corpuscles dermis, encapsulated nerve endings, discriminative touch and movement of objects
over skin
Pacinian Corpuscles subcutaneous tissue, tendons and around joints, stimulated by rapid movement,
perception of deep touch and vibration
When testing light touch sensation in patients with cortical test each region of the upper and lower extremity NOT just the dermatomal points
lesions ...
When testing light touch sensation in patients with spinal test various points using the dermatome map to determine which dermatomal level
cord lesion or peripheral nerve lesion ... is intact vs impaired
How many contacts should you apply to each region 5
tested of the UE and LE during light touch sensation
touching?
Semmes-Weistein Monofilament Testing threshold test to determine the minimum stimulus that can be perceived by a patient
Normal Monofilament Value Hand 2.83
Normal Monofilament Plantar 3.61
Loss of Protective Sensation Monofilament Hand 4.56
Loss of Protective Sensation Monofilament Plantar 5.07
How can you determine damage to the cortex during the perception of sharp pain is intact, but unable to localize the sensation contralateral
pinprick test? to the lesion
How can you determine is the subcortical white matter is reduced perception of the sharp stimulus on contralateral side of lesion
damaged during the pinprick test?
How can you determine damage to the spinothalamic tract inability to perceive sharp stimulus, sharp side may feel dull or have totally reduced
during the pinprick test? perception (2 segments below the lesion and on the contralateral side)
UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
Components of the Comprehensive Neuro Exam - Mental Status
- CN Exam
- Sensory Testing
- Motor Testing (tone, strength, reflexes)
- Coordination
- Balance
-Gait
Quick Screen Mental Status Exams Short Blessed Test
6 Item Screener
Mini Cog
Longer/In Depth Mental Status Exams MoCA (Montreal Cognitive Assessment)
Mini Mental (MMSE)
SLUMS (St. Louis University Mental Status)
Spasticity velocity dependent resistance to passive stretch
Hypertonia increased muscle tone or tightness
Hypotonia reduced muscle tone or tension
Cog-Wheel Rigidity rigidity interrupted by a series of brief relaxations common in Parkinsons Disease
Lead Pipe Rigidity form of rigidity where there is uniform and constant resistance to ROM, often
associated with Parkinsons
Dystonia neurological movement disorder characterized by involuntary, sustained, or
repetitive muscle contractions, causing twisting, turning, and abnormal postures
Reflex Spinal Levels Biceps Reflex: C5-C6
Brachioradialis Reflex: C6
Triceps Reflex: C7
Patellar Reflex (Knee Jerk): L3-L4
Achilles Reflex (Ankle Jerk): S1-S2
Hoffmanns Sign flicking of middle finger initiates index finger and thumb to come together (UMN)
Dysmetria inability to control the distance, power, and speed of a muscular action
Dysdiadochokinesia inability to perform rapid alternating movements
, Romberg test Feet together, arms at side, patient stands for about 30 seconds with eyes open,
ensuring stability, then patient closes their eyes, and the observer watches for
increased swaying or loss of balance for up to 60 seconds.
Sharpened Romberg Test same as romberg except in tandem stance
Free Nerve Endings pain, temperature, touch, pressure, tickle, and itch
Hair Folicles free nerve ending is intertwined - sensitive to mechanical movement and touch
Merkel's Discs sensitive to low intensity touch, velocity of touch, constant indentation of the skin,
perception of constant contact and touch discrimination and localization
Ruffini Endings deep dermis, encapsulated, perception of touch and pressure, skin deformation due
to tension or stretch
Meissner's Corpuscles dermis, encapsulated nerve endings, discriminative touch and movement of objects
over skin
Pacinian Corpuscles subcutaneous tissue, tendons and around joints, stimulated by rapid movement,
perception of deep touch and vibration
When testing light touch sensation in patients with cortical test each region of the upper and lower extremity NOT just the dermatomal points
lesions ...
When testing light touch sensation in patients with spinal test various points using the dermatome map to determine which dermatomal level
cord lesion or peripheral nerve lesion ... is intact vs impaired
How many contacts should you apply to each region 5
tested of the UE and LE during light touch sensation
touching?
Semmes-Weistein Monofilament Testing threshold test to determine the minimum stimulus that can be perceived by a patient
Normal Monofilament Value Hand 2.83
Normal Monofilament Plantar 3.61
Loss of Protective Sensation Monofilament Hand 4.56
Loss of Protective Sensation Monofilament Plantar 5.07
How can you determine damage to the cortex during the perception of sharp pain is intact, but unable to localize the sensation contralateral
pinprick test? to the lesion
How can you determine is the subcortical white matter is reduced perception of the sharp stimulus on contralateral side of lesion
damaged during the pinprick test?
How can you determine damage to the spinothalamic tract inability to perceive sharp stimulus, sharp side may feel dull or have totally reduced
during the pinprick test? perception (2 segments below the lesion and on the contralateral side)
