ATI Nursing Care of Children Proctored Exam
Practice Questions and Answers (1–100) | 2026
Updated Review Guide
1. A child with acute otitis media is prescribed amoxicillin. The nurse should teach the parent
to:
A. Stop medication when symptoms improve
B. Give full course of antibiotics
C. Give medication only at night
D. Avoid fluids during treatment
Answer: B
Rationale: Full antibiotic course prevents recurrence and resistance.
2. The most appropriate toy for a 2-year-old is:
A. Puzzle with small pieces
B. Large building blocks
C. Video game
D. Bead necklace kit
Answer: B
Rationale: Toddlers require safe, large motor toys to prevent choking.
3. A child with asthma should use a peak flow meter to:
A. Diagnose infection
B. Measure lung function
C. Administer medication
D. Prevent attacks
Answer: B
Rationale: It measures airway obstruction and asthma control.
4. Which vaccine is contraindicated in immunocompromised children?
A. Inactivated polio vaccine
B. MMR vaccine
,C. Hepatitis B vaccine
D. DTaP vaccine
Answer: B
Rationale: MMR is a live vaccine.
5. A child with dehydration will first show:
A. Bradycardia
B. Hypotension
C. Tachycardia
D. Edema
Answer: C
Rationale: Tachycardia is an early compensatory sign.
6. Which finding is most concerning in a child with meningitis?
A. Headache
B. Photophobia
C. Petechial rash
D. Vomiting
Answer: C
Rationale: Indicates possible meningococcal infection.
7. A nurse caring for a child with sickle cell crisis should:
A. Encourage cold compresses
B. Increase oxygen therapy
C. Restrict fluids
D. Promote bed rest only
Answer: B
Rationale: Oxygen reduces sickling and hypoxia.
8. Which is a sign of increased intracranial pressure in infants?
A. Sunken fontanel
B. Bulging fontanel
, C. Decreased head size
D. Low-pitched cry
Answer: B
Rationale: Bulging fontanel indicates increased ICP.
9. A child with nephrotic syndrome will most likely have:
A. Hematuria
B. Severe edema
C. Hypertension only
D. Weight loss
Answer: B
Rationale: Protein loss causes edema.
10. The best action for a nurse when a child is having a seizure is:
A. Insert oral airway
B. Restrain limbs
C. Protect airway and turn side
D. Give water
Answer: C
Rationale: Prevent aspiration and injury.
11. A child with iron deficiency anemia should be given iron with:
A. Milk
B. Orange juice
C. Tea
D. Bread
Answer: B
Rationale: Vitamin C enhances iron absorption.
12. Which symptom suggests appendicitis?
A. Pain relieved by eating
B. Right lower quadrant pain
Practice Questions and Answers (1–100) | 2026
Updated Review Guide
1. A child with acute otitis media is prescribed amoxicillin. The nurse should teach the parent
to:
A. Stop medication when symptoms improve
B. Give full course of antibiotics
C. Give medication only at night
D. Avoid fluids during treatment
Answer: B
Rationale: Full antibiotic course prevents recurrence and resistance.
2. The most appropriate toy for a 2-year-old is:
A. Puzzle with small pieces
B. Large building blocks
C. Video game
D. Bead necklace kit
Answer: B
Rationale: Toddlers require safe, large motor toys to prevent choking.
3. A child with asthma should use a peak flow meter to:
A. Diagnose infection
B. Measure lung function
C. Administer medication
D. Prevent attacks
Answer: B
Rationale: It measures airway obstruction and asthma control.
4. Which vaccine is contraindicated in immunocompromised children?
A. Inactivated polio vaccine
B. MMR vaccine
,C. Hepatitis B vaccine
D. DTaP vaccine
Answer: B
Rationale: MMR is a live vaccine.
5. A child with dehydration will first show:
A. Bradycardia
B. Hypotension
C. Tachycardia
D. Edema
Answer: C
Rationale: Tachycardia is an early compensatory sign.
6. Which finding is most concerning in a child with meningitis?
A. Headache
B. Photophobia
C. Petechial rash
D. Vomiting
Answer: C
Rationale: Indicates possible meningococcal infection.
7. A nurse caring for a child with sickle cell crisis should:
A. Encourage cold compresses
B. Increase oxygen therapy
C. Restrict fluids
D. Promote bed rest only
Answer: B
Rationale: Oxygen reduces sickling and hypoxia.
8. Which is a sign of increased intracranial pressure in infants?
A. Sunken fontanel
B. Bulging fontanel
, C. Decreased head size
D. Low-pitched cry
Answer: B
Rationale: Bulging fontanel indicates increased ICP.
9. A child with nephrotic syndrome will most likely have:
A. Hematuria
B. Severe edema
C. Hypertension only
D. Weight loss
Answer: B
Rationale: Protein loss causes edema.
10. The best action for a nurse when a child is having a seizure is:
A. Insert oral airway
B. Restrain limbs
C. Protect airway and turn side
D. Give water
Answer: C
Rationale: Prevent aspiration and injury.
11. A child with iron deficiency anemia should be given iron with:
A. Milk
B. Orange juice
C. Tea
D. Bread
Answer: B
Rationale: Vitamin C enhances iron absorption.
12. Which symptom suggests appendicitis?
A. Pain relieved by eating
B. Right lower quadrant pain
