APHY 101 Final Examination
Comprehensive Human Anatomy & Physiology I
Competency Assessment
Academic Year 2026/2027
100 Multiple-Choice Questions
Undergraduate Health Sciences Programs
Duration: 120 Minutes | Passing Score: 75–80% | HAPS-Aligned
This examination assesses competency across ten domains of human anatomy and physiology.
, Table of Contents
Cover Page
Table of Contents
Exam Instructions
Section I: Anatomical Terminology & Organization (Q1–Q10)
Section II: Cellular Structure & Function (Q11–Q20)
Section III: Tissues & Integumentary System (Q21–Q32)
Section IV: Skeletal System Anatomy & Physiology (Q33–Q46)
Section V: Muscular System Structure & Function (Q47–Q60)
Section VI: Nervous System Foundations (Q61–Q72)
Section VII: Central Nervous System Overview (Q73–Q82)
Section VIII: Peripheral Nervous System & Reflexes (Q83–Q90)
Section IX: Special Senses Introduction (Q91–Q96)
Section X: Scenario-Based Clinical Application (Q97–Q100)
Answer Key
Exam Instructions
General Information
• This examination consists of 100 multiple-choice questions organized across ten (10) content
domains.
• Each question has four answer options (A, B, C, D) unless marked as Select-All-That-Apply
(SATA).
• Select the ONE best answer for each standard MCQ question.
• For SATA questions, select ALL answers that apply.
Timing
• Total examination time: 120 minutes (2 hours).
• Recommended pace: approximately 1.2 minutes per question.
• A time warning will be given at 15 minutes remaining.
Scoring
• Each correct answer is worth 1 point (total: 100 points).
• No penalty for incorrect answers (no negative marking).
,• Passing score: 75–80% (75–80 correct answers out of 100).
• SATA questions: all correct selections must be made to receive credit.
Examination Structure
• Section I: Anatomical Terminology & Organization (Q1–Q10) — 10 questions
• Section II: Cellular Structure & Function (Q11–Q20) — 10 questions
• Section III: Tissues & Integumentary System (Q21–Q32) — 12 questions
• Section IV: Skeletal System Anatomy & Physiology (Q33–Q46) — 14 questions
• Section V: Muscular System Structure & Function (Q47–Q60) — 14 questions
• Section VI: Nervous System Foundations (Q61–Q72) — 12 questions
• Section VII: Central Nervous System Overview (Q73–Q82) — 10 questions
• Section VIII: Peripheral Nervous System & Reflexes (Q83–Q90) — 8 questions
• Section IX: Special Senses Introduction (Q91–Q96) — 6 questions
• Section X: Scenario-Based Clinical Application (Q97–Q100) — 4 questions
Guidelines
• Read each question carefully before selecting your answer.
• Pay attention to qualifier words: always, never, except, most, least, primarily.
• For clinical scenario questions, apply anatomical and physiological principles systematically.
• Review your answers if time permits.
• This exam is aligned with the Human Anatomy and Physiology Society (HAPS) learning outcomes.
, Section I
Anatomical Terminology & Organization
Directional terms, body planes, body cavities, regional anatomy, and homeostasis
10 Questions | Q1–Q10
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Q1. The elbow is described as being ______ to the wrist when using standard
anatomical directional terminology.
A. Distal
B. Proximal
C. Lateral
D. Medial
Correct Answer: B. Proximal
Rationale: Proximal means closer to the point of origin or attachment to the trunk. The elbow is
closer to the shoulder (the origin of the upper limb) than the wrist, making it proximal to the wrist.
Distal would mean farther from the point of attachment, which would describe the wrist relative to
the elbow. Lateral and medial describe positions relative to the midline, not along the length of a
limb.
Q2. A surgeon making an incision along the midsagittal plane would cut through which
of the following structures?
A. The heart into anterior and posterior halves
B. The brain into equal left and right halves
C. The kidneys into superior and inferior portions
D. The spinal cord into dorsal and ventral sections
Correct Answer: B. The brain into equal left and right halves
Rationale: The midsagittal (median) plane divides the body into equal left and right halves along the
midline. Cutting the brain along this plane would produce equal left and right halves. The heart
would be divided into left and right halves, not anterior and posterior. The kidneys and spinal cord
descriptions refer to transverse and frontal (coronal) planes, respectively.
Q3. Which body cavity contains the mediastinum?
A. Dorsal cavity
B. Pleural cavity
Comprehensive Human Anatomy & Physiology I
Competency Assessment
Academic Year 2026/2027
100 Multiple-Choice Questions
Undergraduate Health Sciences Programs
Duration: 120 Minutes | Passing Score: 75–80% | HAPS-Aligned
This examination assesses competency across ten domains of human anatomy and physiology.
, Table of Contents
Cover Page
Table of Contents
Exam Instructions
Section I: Anatomical Terminology & Organization (Q1–Q10)
Section II: Cellular Structure & Function (Q11–Q20)
Section III: Tissues & Integumentary System (Q21–Q32)
Section IV: Skeletal System Anatomy & Physiology (Q33–Q46)
Section V: Muscular System Structure & Function (Q47–Q60)
Section VI: Nervous System Foundations (Q61–Q72)
Section VII: Central Nervous System Overview (Q73–Q82)
Section VIII: Peripheral Nervous System & Reflexes (Q83–Q90)
Section IX: Special Senses Introduction (Q91–Q96)
Section X: Scenario-Based Clinical Application (Q97–Q100)
Answer Key
Exam Instructions
General Information
• This examination consists of 100 multiple-choice questions organized across ten (10) content
domains.
• Each question has four answer options (A, B, C, D) unless marked as Select-All-That-Apply
(SATA).
• Select the ONE best answer for each standard MCQ question.
• For SATA questions, select ALL answers that apply.
Timing
• Total examination time: 120 minutes (2 hours).
• Recommended pace: approximately 1.2 minutes per question.
• A time warning will be given at 15 minutes remaining.
Scoring
• Each correct answer is worth 1 point (total: 100 points).
• No penalty for incorrect answers (no negative marking).
,• Passing score: 75–80% (75–80 correct answers out of 100).
• SATA questions: all correct selections must be made to receive credit.
Examination Structure
• Section I: Anatomical Terminology & Organization (Q1–Q10) — 10 questions
• Section II: Cellular Structure & Function (Q11–Q20) — 10 questions
• Section III: Tissues & Integumentary System (Q21–Q32) — 12 questions
• Section IV: Skeletal System Anatomy & Physiology (Q33–Q46) — 14 questions
• Section V: Muscular System Structure & Function (Q47–Q60) — 14 questions
• Section VI: Nervous System Foundations (Q61–Q72) — 12 questions
• Section VII: Central Nervous System Overview (Q73–Q82) — 10 questions
• Section VIII: Peripheral Nervous System & Reflexes (Q83–Q90) — 8 questions
• Section IX: Special Senses Introduction (Q91–Q96) — 6 questions
• Section X: Scenario-Based Clinical Application (Q97–Q100) — 4 questions
Guidelines
• Read each question carefully before selecting your answer.
• Pay attention to qualifier words: always, never, except, most, least, primarily.
• For clinical scenario questions, apply anatomical and physiological principles systematically.
• Review your answers if time permits.
• This exam is aligned with the Human Anatomy and Physiology Society (HAPS) learning outcomes.
, Section I
Anatomical Terminology & Organization
Directional terms, body planes, body cavities, regional anatomy, and homeostasis
10 Questions | Q1–Q10
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Q1. The elbow is described as being ______ to the wrist when using standard
anatomical directional terminology.
A. Distal
B. Proximal
C. Lateral
D. Medial
Correct Answer: B. Proximal
Rationale: Proximal means closer to the point of origin or attachment to the trunk. The elbow is
closer to the shoulder (the origin of the upper limb) than the wrist, making it proximal to the wrist.
Distal would mean farther from the point of attachment, which would describe the wrist relative to
the elbow. Lateral and medial describe positions relative to the midline, not along the length of a
limb.
Q2. A surgeon making an incision along the midsagittal plane would cut through which
of the following structures?
A. The heart into anterior and posterior halves
B. The brain into equal left and right halves
C. The kidneys into superior and inferior portions
D. The spinal cord into dorsal and ventral sections
Correct Answer: B. The brain into equal left and right halves
Rationale: The midsagittal (median) plane divides the body into equal left and right halves along the
midline. Cutting the brain along this plane would produce equal left and right halves. The heart
would be divided into left and right halves, not anterior and posterior. The kidneys and spinal cord
descriptions refer to transverse and frontal (coronal) planes, respectively.
Q3. Which body cavity contains the mediastinum?
A. Dorsal cavity
B. Pleural cavity
