NURS 6531 Deck 1 Study Guide Latest Update 2026 |
Care of Adults Across Lifespan | Pass Exam Prep
1. Describe the significance of administering an initial insulin loading dose in the
management of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
The initial insulin loading dose is primarily for electrolyte balance.
The initial insulin loading dose is only given if the patient is
unconscious.
The initial insulin loading dose is used to prevent hypoglycemia during
treatment.
The initial insulin loading dose helps to rapidly reduce blood
glucose levels and correct metabolic acidosis in DKA.
2. A patient with diabetes insipidus presents with elevated sodium levels. What
clinical intervention should be prioritized to manage this condition?
Potassium supplementation
Fluid replacement
Sodium restriction
Diuretic administration
3. Which condition is characterized by an excess of water in the body leading
to low sodium levels?
Hypervolemic hyponatremia
Isovolemic hyponatremia
Hypovolemic hyponatremia
Hypernatremia
,4. Which of the following describe the expected values of urine output and Cr
level for someone with AKI?
increased urine, decreased Cr
decreased urine, decreased Cr
increased urine, increased Cr
decreased urine, increased Cr
5. What is a characteristic feature of urine composition in psychogenic
polydipsia?
Dilute urine with low specific gravity
Urine with high protein content
Normal urine composition
Concentrated urine with high specific gravity
6. What is the first-line treatment for simple cystitis?
Surgery
Antivirals
Pain relievers
Antibiotics
7. If a patient diagnosed with Hashimoto's thyroiditis presents with symptoms of
fatigue and weight gain, what would be the most appropriate nursing
intervention?
Refer the patient for surgery to remove the thyroid gland.
Advise the patient to increase their physical activity immediately.
, Monitor thyroid hormone levels and educate the patient about
hormone replacement therapy.
Suggest dietary changes to increase iodine intake.
8. A patient presents with symptoms of fever, rash, and hypotension. After a
thorough examination, Toxic Shock Syndrome is suspected. What is the most
appropriate initial management step for this patient?
Initiate corticosteroid therapy.
Perform a surgical intervention immediately.
Prescribe oral antihistamines.
Administer intravenous fluids and antibiotics.
9. The two most distinguishing factors of Grave's disease is:
Pretibial myxedema and exophthalmos
Pretibial myxedema and truncal obesity
Goiter and exophthalmos
Lethargy and weight gain
10. Trousseau sign can indicate:
hypermagnesemia
hypercalcemia
hypocalcemia
hypokalemia
11. What does the 'M' in the acronym MUDPILES represent in the context of
metabolic acidosis?
, Methanol
Malnutrition
Mucormycosis
Meningitis
12. A patient with congestive heart failure presents with symptoms of confusion
and edema. Considering the patient's condition, what electrolyte imbalance
might they be experiencing?
Hypokalemia
Hypercalcemia
Hypovolemic hyponatremia
Hypervolemic hyponatremia
13. Describe how anticholinergic drugs can lead to urinary retention in patients.
Anticholinergic drugs enhance bladder muscle activity, promoting
urination.
Anticholinergic drugs inhibit the action of acetylcholine, which can
reduce bladder contractions and lead to urinary retention.
Anticholinergic drugs increase the production of urine, causing
frequent urination.
Anticholinergic drugs have no effect on urinary function.
14. What does CKD Stage 2 indicate in terms of kidney function?
Normal kidney function
Mild decrease in kidney function
Severe decrease in kidney function
Care of Adults Across Lifespan | Pass Exam Prep
1. Describe the significance of administering an initial insulin loading dose in the
management of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
The initial insulin loading dose is primarily for electrolyte balance.
The initial insulin loading dose is only given if the patient is
unconscious.
The initial insulin loading dose is used to prevent hypoglycemia during
treatment.
The initial insulin loading dose helps to rapidly reduce blood
glucose levels and correct metabolic acidosis in DKA.
2. A patient with diabetes insipidus presents with elevated sodium levels. What
clinical intervention should be prioritized to manage this condition?
Potassium supplementation
Fluid replacement
Sodium restriction
Diuretic administration
3. Which condition is characterized by an excess of water in the body leading
to low sodium levels?
Hypervolemic hyponatremia
Isovolemic hyponatremia
Hypovolemic hyponatremia
Hypernatremia
,4. Which of the following describe the expected values of urine output and Cr
level for someone with AKI?
increased urine, decreased Cr
decreased urine, decreased Cr
increased urine, increased Cr
decreased urine, increased Cr
5. What is a characteristic feature of urine composition in psychogenic
polydipsia?
Dilute urine with low specific gravity
Urine with high protein content
Normal urine composition
Concentrated urine with high specific gravity
6. What is the first-line treatment for simple cystitis?
Surgery
Antivirals
Pain relievers
Antibiotics
7. If a patient diagnosed with Hashimoto's thyroiditis presents with symptoms of
fatigue and weight gain, what would be the most appropriate nursing
intervention?
Refer the patient for surgery to remove the thyroid gland.
Advise the patient to increase their physical activity immediately.
, Monitor thyroid hormone levels and educate the patient about
hormone replacement therapy.
Suggest dietary changes to increase iodine intake.
8. A patient presents with symptoms of fever, rash, and hypotension. After a
thorough examination, Toxic Shock Syndrome is suspected. What is the most
appropriate initial management step for this patient?
Initiate corticosteroid therapy.
Perform a surgical intervention immediately.
Prescribe oral antihistamines.
Administer intravenous fluids and antibiotics.
9. The two most distinguishing factors of Grave's disease is:
Pretibial myxedema and exophthalmos
Pretibial myxedema and truncal obesity
Goiter and exophthalmos
Lethargy and weight gain
10. Trousseau sign can indicate:
hypermagnesemia
hypercalcemia
hypocalcemia
hypokalemia
11. What does the 'M' in the acronym MUDPILES represent in the context of
metabolic acidosis?
, Methanol
Malnutrition
Mucormycosis
Meningitis
12. A patient with congestive heart failure presents with symptoms of confusion
and edema. Considering the patient's condition, what electrolyte imbalance
might they be experiencing?
Hypokalemia
Hypercalcemia
Hypovolemic hyponatremia
Hypervolemic hyponatremia
13. Describe how anticholinergic drugs can lead to urinary retention in patients.
Anticholinergic drugs enhance bladder muscle activity, promoting
urination.
Anticholinergic drugs inhibit the action of acetylcholine, which can
reduce bladder contractions and lead to urinary retention.
Anticholinergic drugs increase the production of urine, causing
frequent urination.
Anticholinergic drugs have no effect on urinary function.
14. What does CKD Stage 2 indicate in terms of kidney function?
Normal kidney function
Mild decrease in kidney function
Severe decrease in kidney function
