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NUR 230 Exam 2 content Questions Comprehensive 2026
Questions Exam Latest Version Solved Questions &
Answers Verified 100 %
Which of the five P's are essential for labor and birth?
1. Positivity
2. Psyche
3. Position
4. Power
5. Pressure
Psyche, Position, and Power
The 5 P's essential for Labor and Birth
1. passageway/passage: pelvis and cervix
2. Passenger: fetal head, attitude, lie, and presentation
3. Position: station, engagement, and position
4. Powers: primary and secondary
5. Psyche: emotions, energy, support
What factors determine the size and type of maternal pelvis?
Passage or Passageway
What is the ability of the cervix to do during childbirth?
Dilation and effacement
What must the vaginal canal and external opening of the vagina do during
childbirth?
Distend
Based of the following pelvic and fetal assessment, which should BEST
indicate probable success for a vaginal delivery?
A. Anthropoid
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B. Gynecoid
C. Platypelloid
D. Android
B. Gynecoid
Which of the following pelvic types would MOST likely lead to cesarean
delivery?
A. Anthropoid
B. Gynecoid
C. Platypelloid
D. Android
C. Platypelloid
Which of the following accurately describes the progression of A: cervical
dilation and B: cervical effacement?
1. -5 to +5; 0-10 cm
2. 0-10 cm; 0-100%
3. 0-100%; 0-10 cm
4. 0-100%' -5 to +5
2. 0-10 cm; 0-100%
Which sign indicates that labor is beginning?
1. involuntary contractions
2. full cervical dilation
3. 100% cervical effacement
4. pain in pelvic joints
1. involuntary contractions
What is dilation in cervical changes?
Dilation is the opening of the cervix, measured from 0 cm (closed) to 10 cm (fully
dilated).
What is effacement in cervical changes?
Effacement is the softening, thinning, and shortening of the cervix, measured from
0% (long and thick) to 100% (fully effaced).
Which occurs faster during labor, dilation or effacement?
The cervix usually dilates faster than it effaces.
What must occur before pushing can begin during labor?
The cervix must be fully dilated and effaced before pushing can begin.
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A woman enters triage who states she "thinks" she is in labor. Which
assessment BEST demonstrates TRUE labor?
1. fetus palpable
2. contractions are every 20-30 minutes
3. Change/progress in cervical dilation/effacement
4. fetal heart rate alterations
3. change/progress in cervical dilation/effacement
Premonitory signs of impending labor
- lightening
- Braxton hicks contractions
- cervical changes
- bloody show/expulsion of mucus plugs
- ROM (SROM)
- sudden burst of energy
- weight loss
- GI upset
What are the characteristics of contractions in true labor?
Contractions are at regular intervals.
How do the intervals between contractions change in true labor?
Intervals between contractions gradually shorten.
How does the duration and intensity of contractions change in true labor?
Contractions increase in duration and intensity.
Where does discomfort begin during true labor?
Discomfort begins in the back and radiates around to the abdomen.
What happens to cervical dilation and effacement during true labor?
Cervical dilation and effacement are progressive.
Do contractions decrease with rest or a warm tub bath in true labor?
Contractions do not decrease with rest or a warm tub bath.
What are the characteristics of contractions in false labor?
Contractions are irregular.
How does the timing between contractions change in false labor?
There is usually no change in timing between contractions.
How does the intensity or duration of contractions change in false labor?
There is usually no change in intensity or duration of contractions.
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Where is discomfort usually felt during false labor?
Discomfort is usually in the abdomen.
What happens to cervical dilation or effacement during false labor?
There is no change in cervical dilation or effacement.
What can lessen contractions in false labor?
Rest and a warm tub bath can lessen contractions.
Passenger: Fetus
- fetal head
- fetal attitude
- fetal lie
- fetal presentation
Which statement by the student indicates effective learning about the
structure of the fetal head during labor and birth
1. fetal skull bones are firmly united during labor
2. fetal skull bones are united by membranous sutures
3. two important fontanels are the parietal and temporal
4. sutures and fontanels restrict brain growth after birth
2. Fetal skull bones are united by membranous sutures
The biparietal diameter is the largest _________ diameter of the fetal skull
transverse
Position
- station
- engagement
- fetal position
Which station of the presenting part indicates that birth of the fetus is
imminent?
A. -1
B. +1
C. +2
D. +4
D. +4
When assessing fetal station during a vaginal examination the nurse should
assess which pelvic structure?
ischial spines
NUR 230 Exam 2 content Questions Comprehensive 2026
Questions Exam Latest Version Solved Questions &
Answers Verified 100 %
Which of the five P's are essential for labor and birth?
1. Positivity
2. Psyche
3. Position
4. Power
5. Pressure
Psyche, Position, and Power
The 5 P's essential for Labor and Birth
1. passageway/passage: pelvis and cervix
2. Passenger: fetal head, attitude, lie, and presentation
3. Position: station, engagement, and position
4. Powers: primary and secondary
5. Psyche: emotions, energy, support
What factors determine the size and type of maternal pelvis?
Passage or Passageway
What is the ability of the cervix to do during childbirth?
Dilation and effacement
What must the vaginal canal and external opening of the vagina do during
childbirth?
Distend
Based of the following pelvic and fetal assessment, which should BEST
indicate probable success for a vaginal delivery?
A. Anthropoid
, Page 2 of 38
B. Gynecoid
C. Platypelloid
D. Android
B. Gynecoid
Which of the following pelvic types would MOST likely lead to cesarean
delivery?
A. Anthropoid
B. Gynecoid
C. Platypelloid
D. Android
C. Platypelloid
Which of the following accurately describes the progression of A: cervical
dilation and B: cervical effacement?
1. -5 to +5; 0-10 cm
2. 0-10 cm; 0-100%
3. 0-100%; 0-10 cm
4. 0-100%' -5 to +5
2. 0-10 cm; 0-100%
Which sign indicates that labor is beginning?
1. involuntary contractions
2. full cervical dilation
3. 100% cervical effacement
4. pain in pelvic joints
1. involuntary contractions
What is dilation in cervical changes?
Dilation is the opening of the cervix, measured from 0 cm (closed) to 10 cm (fully
dilated).
What is effacement in cervical changes?
Effacement is the softening, thinning, and shortening of the cervix, measured from
0% (long and thick) to 100% (fully effaced).
Which occurs faster during labor, dilation or effacement?
The cervix usually dilates faster than it effaces.
What must occur before pushing can begin during labor?
The cervix must be fully dilated and effaced before pushing can begin.
, Page 3 of 38
A woman enters triage who states she "thinks" she is in labor. Which
assessment BEST demonstrates TRUE labor?
1. fetus palpable
2. contractions are every 20-30 minutes
3. Change/progress in cervical dilation/effacement
4. fetal heart rate alterations
3. change/progress in cervical dilation/effacement
Premonitory signs of impending labor
- lightening
- Braxton hicks contractions
- cervical changes
- bloody show/expulsion of mucus plugs
- ROM (SROM)
- sudden burst of energy
- weight loss
- GI upset
What are the characteristics of contractions in true labor?
Contractions are at regular intervals.
How do the intervals between contractions change in true labor?
Intervals between contractions gradually shorten.
How does the duration and intensity of contractions change in true labor?
Contractions increase in duration and intensity.
Where does discomfort begin during true labor?
Discomfort begins in the back and radiates around to the abdomen.
What happens to cervical dilation and effacement during true labor?
Cervical dilation and effacement are progressive.
Do contractions decrease with rest or a warm tub bath in true labor?
Contractions do not decrease with rest or a warm tub bath.
What are the characteristics of contractions in false labor?
Contractions are irregular.
How does the timing between contractions change in false labor?
There is usually no change in timing between contractions.
How does the intensity or duration of contractions change in false labor?
There is usually no change in intensity or duration of contractions.
, Page 4 of 38
Where is discomfort usually felt during false labor?
Discomfort is usually in the abdomen.
What happens to cervical dilation or effacement during false labor?
There is no change in cervical dilation or effacement.
What can lessen contractions in false labor?
Rest and a warm tub bath can lessen contractions.
Passenger: Fetus
- fetal head
- fetal attitude
- fetal lie
- fetal presentation
Which statement by the student indicates effective learning about the
structure of the fetal head during labor and birth
1. fetal skull bones are firmly united during labor
2. fetal skull bones are united by membranous sutures
3. two important fontanels are the parietal and temporal
4. sutures and fontanels restrict brain growth after birth
2. Fetal skull bones are united by membranous sutures
The biparietal diameter is the largest _________ diameter of the fetal skull
transverse
Position
- station
- engagement
- fetal position
Which station of the presenting part indicates that birth of the fetus is
imminent?
A. -1
B. +1
C. +2
D. +4
D. +4
When assessing fetal station during a vaginal examination the nurse should
assess which pelvic structure?
ischial spines
