ATI CMS Nursing Care of Children | Questions & Answers
| Latest Update 2026 | Exam Prep | Graded A+
1. The parents of a child with a new diagnosis of JIA asks why the child has so
much pain. What would a correct response from the nurse be?
"The pain is directly related to the child's developmental stage; the
older the child, the more pain the diagnosis will cause."
"This disease destroys the joint tissues that normally lubricate the
joint and make motion smooth and pain-free."
"Adherence to anti-inflammatory medications will reduce overall pain."
"The severe pain is related to immobility because the child will hold the
affected joint still for an extended period."
2. What position should a child be maintained in immediately after a lumbar
puncture?
Sitting upright
Prone position
Supine position
Side-lying position
3. If an adolescent is experiencing weight gain and fatigue, what dietary change
would you recommend based on common risks?
Eliminate all carbohydrates from the diet.
Reduce junk food intake and increase nutrient-dense foods.
Increase junk food intake to boost energy levels.
Continue the same diet but increase physical activity.
,4. If a child presents with a low platelet count and shows signs of bruising and
prolonged bleeding, what should be the immediate nursing action?
Reassure the parents that this is a common occurrence.
Administer vitamin K supplements immediately.
Monitor the child for 24 hours without intervention.
Notify the healthcare provider for further evaluation and
intervention.
5. Describe how a dry cough serves as a key indicator of pertussis in children.
A dry cough suggests a need for increased hydration.
A dry cough is a hallmark symptom of pertussis, indicating the
presence of the infection.
A dry cough is a sign of a common cold, not pertussis.
A dry cough is unrelated to pertussis and indicates allergies.
6. A 3-year-old child ingests a substance that may be a poison. The parent calls
a neighbor who is a nurse and asks what to do. What is the best response by
the nurse?
Take the child to the emergency department.
Call the Poison Control Center.
Administer syrup of ipecac.
Give the child bread dipped in milk to absorb the poison.
7. What is the safest way for the nurse to confirm the unique client identification
of a toddler?
, Check the information on the armband against the name and date
of birth provided by the legal guardian
Compare the armband to the health record
Ask the toddler to say their name and how old they are
Have a colleague who has cared for the toddler provide an
identification
8. When you need to communicate with patients who have hearing difficulties,
you should
Speak clearly and slowly, and face them so they can see your lip
movements.
Ask them to write down their responses to questions.
Immediately call a supervisor.
Direct all questions to relatives or friends who accompanied the
patients.
9. 2: What are the clinical presentations of acute hemolytic transfusion reactions,
as mentioned in the statement?
Mild discomfort at the infusion site
Normal vital signs with no changes
Hypotension, tachypnea, tachycardia, fever, chills, decreased
hemoglobin and hemoglobinuria, chest and/or flank pain,
discomfort at the infusion site, renal dysfunction
Hypertension, bradypnea, bradycardia, no fever, no chills
10. Describe how constipation can contribute to the development of urinary
tract infections in children.
, Constipation decreases fluid intake, reducing the risk of infections.
Constipation has no effect on urinary health in children.
Constipation promotes regular urination, preventing infections.
Constipation can lead to urinary stasis, which increases the risk of
urinary tract infections.
11. A pediatric patient is having difficulty with peak expiratory flow rate
measurements. What should the nurse do to ensure accurate results?
Record the first attempt to save time.
Only allow one attempt to avoid fatigue.
Use a different device for measurement.
Encourage the patient to relax and take deep breaths before
attempting the measurement.
12. Describe the significance of recognizing early signs of increased intracranial
pressure in infants.
These signs are often mistaken for normal developmental behavior.
There is no significance in recognizing these signs as they are
common in all infants.
Recognizing early signs of increased intracranial pressure is crucial
for timely intervention to prevent serious complications.
Early signs indicate that the infant is simply tired and needs rest.
13. Describe the significance of recognizing chronic symptoms in children with
gastroesophageal reflux disease.
Chronic symptoms are only relevant in adults.
Chronic symptoms are not significant and can be ignored.
| Latest Update 2026 | Exam Prep | Graded A+
1. The parents of a child with a new diagnosis of JIA asks why the child has so
much pain. What would a correct response from the nurse be?
"The pain is directly related to the child's developmental stage; the
older the child, the more pain the diagnosis will cause."
"This disease destroys the joint tissues that normally lubricate the
joint and make motion smooth and pain-free."
"Adherence to anti-inflammatory medications will reduce overall pain."
"The severe pain is related to immobility because the child will hold the
affected joint still for an extended period."
2. What position should a child be maintained in immediately after a lumbar
puncture?
Sitting upright
Prone position
Supine position
Side-lying position
3. If an adolescent is experiencing weight gain and fatigue, what dietary change
would you recommend based on common risks?
Eliminate all carbohydrates from the diet.
Reduce junk food intake and increase nutrient-dense foods.
Increase junk food intake to boost energy levels.
Continue the same diet but increase physical activity.
,4. If a child presents with a low platelet count and shows signs of bruising and
prolonged bleeding, what should be the immediate nursing action?
Reassure the parents that this is a common occurrence.
Administer vitamin K supplements immediately.
Monitor the child for 24 hours without intervention.
Notify the healthcare provider for further evaluation and
intervention.
5. Describe how a dry cough serves as a key indicator of pertussis in children.
A dry cough suggests a need for increased hydration.
A dry cough is a hallmark symptom of pertussis, indicating the
presence of the infection.
A dry cough is a sign of a common cold, not pertussis.
A dry cough is unrelated to pertussis and indicates allergies.
6. A 3-year-old child ingests a substance that may be a poison. The parent calls
a neighbor who is a nurse and asks what to do. What is the best response by
the nurse?
Take the child to the emergency department.
Call the Poison Control Center.
Administer syrup of ipecac.
Give the child bread dipped in milk to absorb the poison.
7. What is the safest way for the nurse to confirm the unique client identification
of a toddler?
, Check the information on the armband against the name and date
of birth provided by the legal guardian
Compare the armband to the health record
Ask the toddler to say their name and how old they are
Have a colleague who has cared for the toddler provide an
identification
8. When you need to communicate with patients who have hearing difficulties,
you should
Speak clearly and slowly, and face them so they can see your lip
movements.
Ask them to write down their responses to questions.
Immediately call a supervisor.
Direct all questions to relatives or friends who accompanied the
patients.
9. 2: What are the clinical presentations of acute hemolytic transfusion reactions,
as mentioned in the statement?
Mild discomfort at the infusion site
Normal vital signs with no changes
Hypotension, tachypnea, tachycardia, fever, chills, decreased
hemoglobin and hemoglobinuria, chest and/or flank pain,
discomfort at the infusion site, renal dysfunction
Hypertension, bradypnea, bradycardia, no fever, no chills
10. Describe how constipation can contribute to the development of urinary
tract infections in children.
, Constipation decreases fluid intake, reducing the risk of infections.
Constipation has no effect on urinary health in children.
Constipation promotes regular urination, preventing infections.
Constipation can lead to urinary stasis, which increases the risk of
urinary tract infections.
11. A pediatric patient is having difficulty with peak expiratory flow rate
measurements. What should the nurse do to ensure accurate results?
Record the first attempt to save time.
Only allow one attempt to avoid fatigue.
Use a different device for measurement.
Encourage the patient to relax and take deep breaths before
attempting the measurement.
12. Describe the significance of recognizing early signs of increased intracranial
pressure in infants.
These signs are often mistaken for normal developmental behavior.
There is no significance in recognizing these signs as they are
common in all infants.
Recognizing early signs of increased intracranial pressure is crucial
for timely intervention to prevent serious complications.
Early signs indicate that the infant is simply tired and needs rest.
13. Describe the significance of recognizing chronic symptoms in children with
gastroesophageal reflux disease.
Chronic symptoms are only relevant in adults.
Chronic symptoms are not significant and can be ignored.
